Russian civilization

The Russian civilization (Русская цивилизация) is a purported civilization formed by Russians governed by the claimed "Russian world" (Русский мир), used as a concept in Russian nationalism and Russian irredentism.

Definitions
The concept takes on a different meaning depending on the author:
 * according to Philip Bagby, it is one of the peripheral civilizations.
 * others, such as professor Vladimir Nikolayevich Leksin, consider it a myth.
 * According to Samuel Huntington, there is no such thing as a Russian civilization. In his view, Russian culture is a part of an Eastern Orthodox civilization.
 * Toynbee regarded the Russian civilization as having modest cultural achievements, but as something complete, Danilevsky and Spengler described it more as a phenomenon of the future, the latter believed that government reform of Peter the Great did not meet the traditions of a Russian civilization.
 * Plekhanov and Berdyaev believed that a Russian civilization occupies a border position between East and West. Solovyov believed that the mission of a Russian civilization in the unification of East and West, and the Eurasianists consider it as some third force.
 * Some consider communism alien to traditional Russian values, others believe that the USSR was an incarnation of a traditional Russian civilization. Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality is similar to communist partijnost (party-mindedness, partisanship), idejnost (ideology-mindedness) and populism.
 * Researcher Rumyana Cholakova (Washington University in St. Louis) considers Russian civilization to be amalgamation of Slavic culture, Tatar culture, Finno-Ugric culture, Viking culture and the Great Steppe culture of its inhabitants. According to her, the concept of Russian soul is central to Russian civilization.