S&M (album)

S&M (an abbreviation of Symphony and Metallica) is a live album by American heavy metal band Metallica, with the San Francisco Symphony conducted by Michael Kamen. It was recorded on April 21 and 22, 1999, at The Berkeley Community Theatre. This is the final Metallica album to feature bassist Jason Newsted.

Album information
S&M contains performances of Metallica songs with additional symphonic accompaniment, composed by Michael Kamen, who also conducted the orchestra during the concert. According to James Hetfield, the idea to combine heavy metal with an epic classical approach was Cliff Burton's idea. His love of classical music, especially of Johann Sebastian Bach, can be found in many instrumental parts and melodic characteristics in Metallica's songwriting, including songs from Ride the Lightning (1984) and Master of Puppets (1986). Kamen, who arranged and conducted the orchestral background tracks for "Nothing Else Matters", met the band at the 1992 Grammy award show for the first time, and after hearing the "Elevator version" of the song, suggested the band perform with a whole orchestra; the band, however, did not take him up on the offer until seven years later. Lars Ulrich's favorite band Deep Purple, whom he colorfully inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2016, is noted for having kicked off this kind of approach 30 years before, in Concerto for Group and Orchestra (1969), although it had actually been done multiple times before, most notably with the Moody Blues' Days of Future Passed in 1967.

In addition to songs from previous albums spanning Ride the Lightning through Reload, there are two new compositions: "No Leaf Clover" and "−Human". "The Ecstasy of Gold" by Ennio Morricone, Metallica's entrance music, was played live by the orchestra. "No Leaf Clover" has since been performed by Metallica in concert, using a recording of the orchestral prelude.

Changes were made to the lyrics of some songs, most notably the removal of the second verse and chorus of "The Thing That Should Not Be" and playing the third verse in its place.

The "S" in the stylized "S&M" on the album cover is a backwards treble clef, while the "M" is taken from Metallica's logo.

The drum kit Ulrich used on the album currently resides in a Guitar Center in San Francisco.

Critical reception

 * Rolling Stone (January 20, 2000, pp. 57–59) - 3 stars out of 5 - "...create the most crowded, ceiling-rattling basement rec room in rock....[in its] sheer awesomeness...the live performance succeeded....the monster numbers benefit from supersizing. The effect is more one of timelessness..."
 * Spin (February 2000, pp. 114–5) – 8 out of 10 – "...makes their tempo and texture dynamics...into a topic in and off of itself, a deep evocation of bad-voodoo creeping willies culminating in 'One' and 'Enter Sandman'....Freed from ritualized superhuman extremism, it builds a soundtrack to everyday life."
 * Entertainment Weekly (December 3, 1999, p. 102) – "Buttressed by grim strings, creaky horns, and thundering timpani, staples...creep with fearful new dimension, like an old Posada print come to life." – Rating: B
 * Q (February 2000, p. 86) – 3 stars out of 5 – "...another just about forgivable flirtation with Spinal Tap-esque lunacy....a fine hit-heavy live LP with bolted-on bombast from the S.F. Symphony....Michael Kamen's scores swoop and soar with impressive portent throughout."
 * CMJ (December 20, 1999, p. 24) – "...stunning....orchestral renditions of hits from the band's '90s output."
 * S&M was included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.
 * NME ranked the album 48th on its list of 50 Greatest Live Albums.
 * Metal Hammer magazine named it one of the 20 best metal albums of 1999.

Commercial performance
S&M sold 300,000 units in the first week of release, and went on to sell a total of 2.5 million copies in the US. the album had been certified 5× platinum.

20th anniversary
After Kamen's death in 2003, Metallica did not revisit the S&M concept in any further performances or recording work for years. However, the band announced on March 18, 2019, that they would hold a concert with the San Francisco Symphony at the Chase Center on September 6 of that year to commemorate the 20th anniversary with a single-night concert, headed by Michael Tilson Thomas as music director. They later added a second concert on September 8.

The shows included many songs from the original S&M performances, as well as renditions of songs that had been released since then. In August, it was announced that a film of the concerts would receive a limited worldwide theatrical release. The concert was given a limited release and has grossed over 5.5 million dollars. In August 2020, the band released the two 20th anniversary performances as an album, video, and box set entitled S&M2.

Video release
Metallica also filmed and released the concert in DVD and VHS with direction by Wayne Isham. The VHS set has only the concert video, while the double DVD set has 5.1 sound (also: 2.0 band+orchestra, 2.0 band-only and 2.0 orchestra-only), 41 minute documentary about the concert, and two "No Leaf Clover" music videos: "Slice & Dice" version and the "Maestro Edit". The DVD also contains four songs with multi-angles where each band member can be viewed individually: "Of Wolf and Man", "Fuel", "Sad But True", and "Enter Sandman".

Personnel
Metallica
 * James Hetfield – lead vocals, rhythm guitar, electro-acoustic guitar in "Nothing Else Matters"; first solo in "Master of Puppets", solo on "Nothing Else Matters", outro solo in "The Outlaw Torn"
 * Kirk Hammett – lead guitar, backing vocals, sitar on "Wherever I May Roam"
 * Jason Newsted – bass guitar, backing vocals
 * Lars Ulrich – drums

Video production
 * Wayne Isham – video director
 * Bart Lipton – video producer
 * Dana Marshall – video producer

San Francisco Symphony


 * Michael Kamen – orchestral arrangements and conducting
 * John Kieser – general manager
 * Eric Achen, Joshua Garrett, Douglas Hull, Jonathan Ring, Bruce Roberts, Robert Ward, James Smelser – French horns
 * David Teie principal, Richard Andaya, Barara Bogatin, Jill Rachuy Brindel, David Goldblatt – cello
 * Jeremy Constant concertmaster, Daniel Banner, Enrique Bocedi, Paul Brancato, Catherine Down, Bruce Freifeld, Connie Gantsweg, Michael Gerling, Frances Jeffrey, Robert Zelnick, Yukiko Kamei, Naomi Kazama, Kum Mo Kim, Yasuko Hattori, Melissa Kleinbart, Mo Kobialka, Daniel Kobialka, Rudolph Kremer, Kelly Leon-Pearce, Diane Nicholeris, Florin Parvulescu, Anne Pinsker, Victor Romasevich, Philip Santos, Peter Shelton – violins
 * Chris Bogios, Glenn Fischthal, Andrew McCandless, Craig Morris – trumpets
 * Stephen Paulson, Steven Dibner, Rob Weir – bassoons
 * Steven Braunstein – contrabassoon
 * Charles Chandler, Laurence Epstein, Chris Gilbert, William Ritchen, Stephen Tramontozzi, S. Mark Wright – double basses
 * Anthony J. Cirone, Ray Froelich, Thomas Hemphill, Artie Storch – percussion
 * Don Ehrlich, Gina Feinauer, David Gaudry, Christina King, Yun Jie Liu, Seth Mausner, Nanci Severance, Geraldine Walther – violas
 * John Engelkes, Tom Hornig, Paul Welcomer, Jeff Budin – trombones
 * Julie Ann Giacobassi, Eugene Izotov, Pamela Smith – oboes
 * Russ deLuna – English horn
 * David Herbert – timpani
 * Linda Lukas, Tim Day, Robin McKee – flutes
 * David Neuman, Carey Bell, Luis Beez – clarinets
 * Catherine Payne – piccolo
 * Douglas Rioth – harp
 * Robin Sutherland – keyboards
 * Peter Wahrhaftig – tuba

Technical personnel


 * Bob Rock – producer, engineer
 * James Hetfield – producer
 * Lars Ulrich – producer
 * Michael Kamen – producer, orchestration, arranger, liner notes, music director
 * Randy Staub – engineer, mixing
 * Steve McLaughlin – engineer, recording
 * George Marino – mastering
 * Billy Bowers – digital editing
 * Paul DeCarli – digital editing
 * Mike Gillies – digital editing
 * Darren Grahn – digital editing, assistant
 * John Vrtacic – technical assistance
 * James Brett – assistant, music preparation
 * Billy Konkel – assistant
 * Leff Lefferts – assistant
 * Kent Matcke – assistant
 * Geoffrey Alexander – orchestration
 * Ted Allen – orchestration
 * Pete Anthony – orchestration
 * Chris Wagner – orchestration
 * Bruce Babcock - orchestration
 * Chris Boardman – orchestration
 * Bob Elhai – orchestration
 * Blake Neely – orchestration, music copyist, music preparation
 * Jonathan Sacks – orchestration
 * Brad Warnaar – orchestration
 * Michael Price – music preparation
 * Vic Fraser – music copyist
 * Andie Airfix – design
 * Anton Corbijn – photography