Sherwood Bonner

Katherine Sherwood Bonner McDowell (February 26, 1849 – July 22, 1883) was an American author and feminist during America's Gilded Age. She is also known by her pen name, Sherwood Bonner.

Born in Holly Springs, Mississippi, on February 26, 1849, into a wealthy family which fell into straitened but still genteel circumstances during the American Civil War, Bonner made the decision to leave her husband and child behind to pursue her literary aspirations.

Childhood and early life
Bonner was born in Holly Springs, Mississippi, on February 26, 1849. Her father, an Irish immigrant, married the daughter of a wealthy plantation family during the antebellum period. However, the fortunes of the Bonner family took a turn during the American Civil War when their home was occupied by Union soldiers. A childhood of privilege gave way to an early womanhood of decreased possibilities and increased financial strain. Despite being "innately literary" from early childhood, her traditional upbringing and the prevailing societal attitudes offered Bonner little recourse other than marriage.

According to Bonner's scrapbook, her first story, "Laura Capello: A Leaf from a Traveller’s Note Book", was published in the Boston Ploughman when she was 15. However, Anne Razey Gowdy's edited edition of one of Bonner's samplers states that the story wasn't published until 1869, shortly before Bonner turned 20.

At age 21, she married Edward McDowell on Valentine's Day (February 14), 1871.

The road to Boston
Following their marriage, Bonner moved with her new husband to Texas and she gave birth to a daughter, Lilian, on December 10. Edward McDowell, however, was unable to support his wife financially, and Bonner took their daughter back to Holly Springs.

In September 1873, Bonner left her daughter in her mother-in-law's care and took a train to Boston, calling upon her acquaintance Nahum Capen, who helped her enroll in a local school.

Early literary career
Capen employed her as his personal secretary while he worked on ''History of Democracy.  She then began working as a secretary to Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.  Under Capen and Longfellow's sponsorship, Bonner began publishing stories in Harper’s Young People, The Atlantic Monthly and The Youth’s Companion. '' Longfellow became Bonner's lifelong patron.

Bonner was Longfellow's editorial assistant on Poems of Places. In 1876, Bonner toured England and Europe with novelist Louise Chandler Moulton and wrote travel articles that were published in the Boston Times and the Memphis, Tennessee, Avalanche. After writing articles about her European travels, and with Longfellow's support, Bonner published her only novel, Like unto Like, in 1878.

Literary works
Bonner was known for her articles that discussed local stories, in which she is said to skillfully handle the "strange dialect and negro humor". Many of her stories focused on her "gran'mammy", a character based on the woman who cared for Bonner as a child. Bonner's stories of Southern life were not tinged with bitterness over the victory of the North in the Civil War, rather she viewed the war as the crisis of the nation as a whole. Her works of note include Dialect Tales, Like unto Like, and ''Suwanee River Tales.  Like unto Like'' is Bonner's only novel and is considered to be semi-autobiographical.

Last years
In 1878, a Yellow fever epidemic struck Holly Springs, infecting Bonner's father and brother. She returned to her hometown, risking infection, and removed her daughter to safety before nursing her father and brother before they died.

She established residency in Illinois and divorced Edward McDowell in 1881. Also in 1881, Bonner was diagnosed with advanced breast cancer and was told she had only a year to live. Wanting to leave her mark on the literary world and a financial legacy for her daughter and aunt, Bonner hid her illness from all but her closest of friends and threw herself into her work. Bonner was dictating a novel up until four days before she died at age 34 in Holly Springs on July 22, 1883.

Legacy
Professor Claude Simpson posits that Bonner had the potential to become a great literary figure if she had not died. Simpson's anthology The Local Colorists includes one of Bonner's short stories in it. Literary editor Anne Razey Gowdy remarks on Bonner's versatility and writes on Bonner's potential direction as a writer if she were to continue to live.