Solar eclipse of February 26, 1979

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Monday, February 26, 1979, with a magnitude of 1.0391. A solar eclipse is an astronomical phenomenon that occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring only 18 hours and 35 minutes after perigee (on February 25, 1979, at 22:19 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

The central shadow of the Moon passed through Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana (where totality covered almost the entire state), North Dakota, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, the Northwest Territories of Canada (the portion that is now Nunavut), and Greenland.

United States
Many visitors traveled to the Pacific Northwest to view the Monday morning eclipse, as it was the last chance to view a total solar eclipse in the contiguous United States for 38 years, 5 months, 26 days. The next opportunity was on August 21, 2017. Several cities, including Lewiston, Idaho, and Goldendale, Washington, organized viewing events amid an expected bump in tourist traffic. Television station KING-TV of Seattle produced a live broadcast of the eclipse from Goldendale and other cities in the Northwest.

Although the path of totality passed through Portland shortly after sunrise (maximum at 8:14 am PST), it was not directly observable due to overcast skies in northwestern Oregon. At the Goldendale Observatory State Park in Washington, an estimated 10,000 people were able to view the eclipse after the overcast skies parted during totality. Over 1,000 aircraft were guided around the path of totality by local air traffic control offices; the volume of flights in the area caused delays to passenger service at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport and Portland International Airport. The Seattle-based Pacific Science Center chartered a Boeing 727 with 94 passengers to chase the eclipse.

Canada
About a half hour later, the path of totality was in Manitoba and passed through cloudless Winnipeg in the late morning, maximum was at 10:48 am CST. The greatest eclipse occurred seven minutes later at 10:55 am CST.

Canada's next total solar eclipse took place on August 1, 2008, after which Canada did not see another total solar eclipse until April 8, 2024.

Observations
Portland, Oregon was the largest city within the path of totality. However, the thick clouds made observation unsuccessful. Only some areas outside the city could see the sun through the holes in the clouds. There were also charter flights allowing passengers to observe from the air. Clouds covered most areas of the states of Oregon and Washington, and there were some clouds in western Montana. Observations were successful in places including North Dakota. Jay Pasachoff led a team from Williams College in Massachusetts to Brandon University in Manitoba, Canada and successfully observed the total eclipse there.

In literature
Writer Annie Dillard viewed the eclipse from the Yakima River Valley in central Washington state. She described her impressions of the eclipse in an essay, "Total Eclipse," first published in the magazine Antaeus and then in her collection, Teaching a Stone to Talk (1982). It was later selected for inclusion in The Best American Essays of the [20th] Century (2000). Dillard describes a nearly overwhelming emotional experience, as suggested in this quotation: "I pray you will never see anything more awful in the sky." Describing the reactions of other onlookers, she relates "I heard screams."

The 1979 eclipse was also referenced in the opening pages of Douglas Coupland's novel, Generation X.

Eclipses in 1979

 * A total solar eclipse on February 26, 1979.
 * A partial lunar eclipse on March 13, 1979.
 * An annular solar eclipse on August 22, 1979.
 * A total lunar eclipse on September 6, 1979.

Metonic

 * Preceded by: Solar eclipse of May 11, 1975
 * Followed by: Solar eclipse of December 15, 1982

Tzolkinex

 * Preceded by: Solar eclipse of January 16, 1972
 * Followed by: Solar eclipse of April 9, 1986

Half-Saros

 * Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of February 21, 1970
 * Followed by: Lunar eclipse of March 3, 1988

Tritos

 * Preceded by: Solar eclipse of March 28, 1968
 * Followed by: Solar eclipse of January 26, 1990

Solar Saros 120

 * Preceded by: Solar eclipse of February 15, 1961
 * Followed by: Solar eclipse of March 9, 1997

Inex

 * Preceded by: Solar eclipse of March 18, 1950
 * Followed by: Solar eclipse of February 7, 2008

Triad

 * Preceded by: Solar eclipse of April 26, 1892
 * Followed by: Solar eclipse of December 27, 2065