South East (Nigeria)

The South East (often written as South-East) is the one of the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria representing both a geographic and political region of the country's inland southeast. It comprises five states – Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu, and Imo.

The zone is bounded by the River Niger on the west, the riverine Niger Delta on the south, the flat North Central to the north, and the Cross River on the east. It is divided between the Cross–Niger transition forests ecoregions in the south and the Guinean forest–savanna mosaic in the drier north. Culturally, the vast majority of the zone falls within Igboland–the indigenous cultural homeland of the Igbo people, a group which makes up the largest ethnic percentage of the southeastern population.

Although the South East is the smallest geopolitical zone, it contributes greatly to the Nigerian economy due to oil and natural gas reserves along with a growing industrialized economy. The region has a population of about 36 million people, around 18% of the total population of the country. Aba and Enugu are the most populous cities in the South East as well as the tenth and fourteenth most populous cities in Nigeria. Other large southeastern cities include (in order by population) Onitsha, Umuahia, Owerri, Nnewi, Awka, and Abakaliki.

The South East is predominantly Igbo ethnically and linguistically. Various Igbo subgroups and their dialects in South East are: Owerri people, Mbaise people, Nkanu people, Ngwa people, Omambala people, Nsukka people, Enuani people, Ezza people, Afikpo people, Arochukwu people, Oguta people, Aguata/Orumba, Okigwe people, Egbema people, Izzi people, Effium people, Idemili people, Agbaja people, Ikwo people, Ndoki people, Abriba people, Ohafia people Orlu people, Ohaji people,Ohaozara people, Anaedo people and many others

Economy
The zone has 85 local government areas with a total population of over twenty million people. The zone has about ten large commercial cities. Apart from agriculture which is the major economic activity, the zone is also known as for commercial and trading activities with small and medium indigenous industries that are manufacturing goods and services. The main agricultural products in the zone are yam, cassava, rice, and cocoyam. The zone has solid minerals and nature resources such as crude oil, natural gas, bauxite, iron ore, sandstone, lignite, clay, coal, tin and columbite.

The zone has recently been plagued by crisis as the call for secession and the creation of the State of the Independent people of Biafra (IPOB) by the leader of the movement in person of Nnamdi Kanu. Nnamdi Kanu has recently declared Biafra but some leaders have said that he does not represent the voice of the Igbo nation and that he lacks the capacity to do so.

The (IPOB) has recently introduced the sit-at--home order in the zone to press home their demand as well as in solidarity for their leader - Nnamdi Kanu that has been detained by the Nigerian Government. It is estimated that the sit-at-home in South East cost the geopolitical zone more than 7.6 trillion naira losses within two years. On July 21, 2023, Nnamdi Kalu through his lawyer and IPOB's spokesperson, Emma Powerful, cancelled the Monday IPOB sit-at-home order imposed on South East States.

Origin and people
The South East came about with Alex Ekwueme's recommendations, although is formerly known as Eastern Nigeria, or simply East, following the division of the country into three parts in 1950s. In 1967, it was later split into three under the Gowon Administration (1967–1975). It was in 1976 that more states, including Imo and Anambra began to emerge.

South East is occupied by Igbos.