St Winifred's Church, Branscombe

St Winifred's Church is a Church of England church in Branscombe in Devon, England. The church is dedicated to Saint Winifred, a Welsh saint. It is among the oldest and most architecturally significant parish churches of Devon. It probably dates back as far as about 995, but extant records on the vicars only go back to the thirteenth century.

There is some archaeological evidence to suggest that an earlier Saxon church may have occupied the site. The building has a traditional west―east alignment. It is built on a levelled area that can not be seen from the coast. The choice of location may have been for protection of the original Saxon church from Viking raiders. Alternatively, the church may have been placed on an earlier pre-Christian holy site. Occupying such a pagan site would have allowed the Church to both challenge paganism and benefit from any positive religious feelings associated with the site.

Interior
The church building is partly Norman and partly later medieval. The tower is central and the transepts, which are later, stand unusually to the west of the tower. The nave is Norman, the transepts perhaps mid–13th-century. The chancel is probably 14th-century, though the east window was replaced in the time of Bishop Neville (1458–1464). Interesting features include the font, which is 15th-century, and the pulpit, which is a three-decker pulpit and as such almost unique in Devon. Other woodwork includes the Jacobean screen and west gallery and the altar rails of c. 1700.

Memorial to Joan Tregarthin
A mural was erected in the north transept in memory of Joan Tregarthin some time after her death in 1583. She was the widow of a John Kelleway of Collumpton and then of John Wadham, son of Sir Nicholas I Wadham, with whom she had several children, including Nicholas II Wadham, co-founder of Wadham College, Oxford.

The memorial has suffered much neglect, and been whitewashed several times. Little colouring remains, which makes identification of the armorials difficult. The relief sculpture is well executed and clear. The small kneeling effigy of Joan appears twice on the monument, kneeling behind each husband. According to the local historian Ronald Branscombe, this is "a double appearance thought to be unique in British memorial art of this period".

A large slate tablet below the figures is inscribed:
 * Here lieth intomb'd the body of a virtuous & antient gentlewoman descended of the antient house of Plantagenets sometime of Cornwall namely JOAN, one of the daughters & heirs unto John Tregarthin in the County of Cornwall, Esq. She was first married unto John Kelleway, Esq., who had by her much issue. After his death she was married to John Wadham of Meryfield in the County of Somerset, Esq., & by him had several children. She lived a virtuous and godly life & died in an honourable age, ...(date never inscribed)... September in the year of Christ 1583

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Escutcheon
The sinister escutcheon on the monument shows the arms of Wadham, of nine quarters, impaling Tregarthin, of six quarters.

The quarters of the Wadham arms — largely the same as those depicted on the monument of Nicholas and Dorothy Wadham, her son and daughter-in-law, in the north transept of the Church of St Mary, Ilminster — are:
 * 1st: Gules, a chevron between three roses argent [Wadham]
 * 2nd: Or, on a chevron gules three martlets or [Chiseldon of Holcombe Rogus, referring to the heiress Margaret Chiseldon, wife of William Wadham (died 1452), John Wadham's great-great-grandfather]
 * 3rd: Argent, on a chief gules two stag's heads cabosed or [Popham, referring to the heiress Elizabeth Popham, daughter of Sir Stephen Popham (died 1444), MP, of Popham, Hampshire, wife of Sir John III Wadham, John Wadham's great-grandfather]
 * 4th: Gules, a chevron argent between nine bezants 3,2,1 and 2,1 [South? or Stourton? ]
 * 5th Sable, six lioncels or [St Martin of West Dean and Steeple Langford, Hampshire, of Alvington in Carisbrooke, Isle of Wight, Hampshire and of Littlecote, Wiltshire. Sir Stephen Popham's paternal grandmother was the heiress Sibyl St Martin ]
 * 6th: Argent, a chief indented vert (alias per fess indented vert and argent) over-all a bend gules [Neville of West Dean, an heiress of St Martin]
 * 7th Barry of six or and azure, an eagle displayed gules [Waleran of West Dean (13th century), an heiress of Neville]
 * 8th: Per pale (wavy) azure and argent a lion rampant or and gules [Lorty of Axford, an heiress of St Martin]
 * 9th: Gules a bend fusilly ermine [Redege alias Riedde of Devon].

The quarters of the Tregarthin arms are: -->
 * 1st: Argent, two lobster's claws in saltire gules [Tregarthick]
 * 2nd: Argent, a chevron between three escallops sable [Tregarthin].
 * 3rd: Semee of escallops, a lion rampant [Hendower]
 * 4th: A lion rampant in chief a label of three points a bordure engrailed bezantee [ Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, with difference of a bordure engrailed. She was lineally descended "by his concubine Joan de Valletort, window of Sir Alexander Oakeston" ]
 * 5th: On a bend 5 (or six) roundels [Chamberlayne]
 * 6th: On a chevron three fleurs-de-lys [Pever]