Stanley, Tasmania

Stanley is a town on the north-west coast of Tasmania, Australia. It is the second-last major township on the north-west coast when travelling west, Smithton being the larger township in the Circular Head municipality. According to the, Stanley had a population of 595.

History
In 1825 the Van Diemen's Land Company was granted land in north-western Van Diemen's Land, including the Stanley area. Employees of the company from England settled in the area in October 1826. The site (originally called Circular Head) was named after Lord Stanley, the British Secretary of State for War and the Colonies in the 1830s and 1840s, who later had three terms of office as British Prime Minister.

A port opened in 1827 and the first school opened in 1841. There was a short-lived bay whaling station in operation on the foreshore in the 1830s. Stanley officially became a town in 1842 and by 1843 more than 8,000 acres had been sold or leased to almost 70 people.

The Post Office opened on 1 July 1845 and was known as Circular Head post office until 1882. In 1880 the first coach service between Stanley and Burnie was established.

In 1936 a submarine telephone cable from Apollo Bay to Stanley provided the first telephone to Tasmania from the mainland.

The town today
Today Stanley is a tourist destination and the main fishing port on the northwest coast of Tasmania.

The most distinctive landmark in Stanley is Munatrik, commonly called The Nut, an old extinct volcano. Bass and Flinders sighted it on their circumnavigation of Van Diemen's Land (now called Tasmania) in 1798 and named it Circular Head. It has steep sides and rises to 143 metres with a flat top. It is possible to walk to the top of The Nut via a steep track or a chairlift.

Tourists regularly travel to Highfield (the original home of the Van Diemen's Land company in Circular head, northwest of the township) to view the picturesque northern beaches with The Nut in the background. The port on the southern side of The Nut is a regularly used fishing spot.

Notable people associated with Stanley

 * John Lee Archer – the "Father of Tasmanian architecture". Archer became a magistrate in the Circular Head area in 1838 until his death in 1852.
 * Henry Hellyer – Chief Surveyor, explorer, and architect
 * Enid Lyons – wife of Joseph Lyons; also a politician; first woman elected to the Australian Parliament; first woman to serve in the Cabinet of Australia
 * Joseph Lyons – the tenth Prime Minister of Australia
 * Bill Mollison – founder of the permaculture movement
 * Jim Willis – Australian botanist

Climate
Stanley has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb) that is bordering closely with the warm-summer mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csb). Rainfall in the summer months receives more than the classification as the warm-summer Mediterranean, and the total rainfall exceeds 900 mm. Stanley's summers are moderated by its shoreline position, whereas the rainy winters have moderate lows. The highest temperature of 32.8 °C (91.0 °F) was recorded on 14 March 1967, and the lowest temperature of −2.1 °C (28.2 °F) was recorded on 7 August 1963.