Swimming at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 50 metre backstroke

The Women's 50m Backstroke at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships took place on 28 March (prelims & semifinals) and the evening of 29 March (finals) at the Rod Laver Arena in Melbourne, Australia. 95 swimmers were entered in the event, of which, 93 swam.

The USA's Natalie Coughlin established a new Championship Record for the distance (28.30) the day prior to the event, with her split from the women's 100m Back final. The record for the distance had been 28.31 by China's Gao Chang from the 2005 Worlds.

Existing records at the start of the event started were:
 * World Record (WR): 28.19, Janine Pietsch (Germany), 25 May 2005 in Berlin, Germany.
 * Championship Record (CR): 28.30, Natalie Coughlin (USA), Melbourne 2007 (27 March 2007)