T. Rex (album)

T. Rex is a 1970 album by Marc Bolan's band T. Rex, the first under that name and the fifth since their debut as Tyrannosaurus Rex in 1968. It was released on 18 December by record labels Fly and Reprise. The album continued the shift begun by its predecessor from the band's previous folk style to a minimal rock sound, with an even balance of electric and acoustic material.

Background
The duo's previous album A Beard of Stars had charted moderately well at number 21, selling around the same amount of copies as previous Tyrannosaurus Rex records, but frontman Marc Bolan felt frustrated at not being able to break out of cult status. The new lineup with Finn toured extensively throughout the UK and Europe during 1970, acquainting audiences with their new electric sound, while recording a new album meant to capture the new style on tape. At the same time, Bolan's company signed with a new label, Fly Records. Just as a new single, "Ride a White Swan" was to see release in October 1970 Bolan decided to shorten the group's name to T. Rex, reflecting the change in style (as well as making it easier for people to pronounce).

Songs and recording
Although the album was credited to T. Rex, all the recordings (as well as the cover shot) were done when they were still known as Tyrannosaurus Rex, with the two-man lineup of singer/songwriter/guitarist Marc Bolan and percussionist Mickey Finn, while producer Tony Visconti played bass and recorder on a couple of tracks. Bolan had considered calling the album The Wizard or The Children of Rarn, before opting for a self-titled album.

The album continued in the vein of the duo's previous effort A Beard of Stars, with an even further emphasis on an electric rock sound as well as the addition of strings, scored by Visconti, on several tracks. Certain tracks like "The Time of Love is Now", "Suneye" and "Root of Star" were stylistically closer to the folk music of Tyrannosaurus Rex but electric guitars and bass are fully integrated in tracks like "Jewel", "Childe", "Beltane Walk", "Diamond Meadows", "Is It Love", and "One Inch Rock", foreshadowing the style of the follow-up. As on previous albums, the lyrics were inspired in part by Tolkien, including poetry about wizards, Druids, and a "Liquid Poetess in a buckskin dress". Journalist Tom Everett observed that Bolan was "clearly infatuated with mysticism, as well as the pure sounds of the English language", although it would be the final time this subject matter would dominate his work. Elsewhere, "The Visit" details a UFO abduction while "Diamond Meadows" and "Suneye" are more conventional love songs that presage future ballads.

The album contained electric reworkings of two old Tyrannosaurus Rex songs, one of which, "The Wizard", was originally recorded as the A side of Bolan's (solo) first single in 1965. The second was an electric version of the second Tyrannosaurus Rex single, "One Inch Rock", with an intro of scat-singing by Bolan and Finn, which the duo had been incorporating into live acoustic versions for some months prior to the album sessions. The remaining songs, however, were new material. "The Children Of Rarn" and its reprise, which opened and closed the UK album, were an incursion into symphonic rock which Bolan had wanted to develop into a full concept album which he was never able to complete; a 16-minute demo suite of its songs was taped in 1971. The B-side, a cover of "Summertime Blues", plus the intricate guitar instrumental outtake "Deep Summer" were also recorded during the sessions.

Recording sessions began at Trident on May 14, 1970 with the rockers "Jewel" and "Is It Love", "Jewel" having already been premiered in concert; this session set the stage for an electric pop/rock album. On Jun 1 the more tranquil "Diamond Meadows" and "The Visit" were taped along with "Ride A White Swan" (some sources list Jul 1 as the date for "Swan"). On Jun 16 the instrumental outtake "Deep Summer" was attempted but left unreleased. On Jun 24 Howard Kaylan of the duo Flo and Eddie attended the session for "Seagull Woman" to sing backup vocals for the first time on a T. Rex song (although his partner Mark Volman was also credited on the sleeve, session documentation does not confirm this). The duo would go on to sing on many of the group's subsequent string of hits. "Summer Deep" and "The Time of Love Is Now" were recorded on Jun 26, while "Beltane Walk" and an early version of the "Hot Love" B-side "King of the Mountain Cometh" were attempted on Jul 1. Remakes of two older songs, "One Inch Rock" and "The Wizard" were recorded Jul 6 along with "The Children of Rarn". The final sessions on Aug 5 and 31 saw "Root of Star" committed to tape. Session notes for the recording of "Childe" and "Suneye" appear to be lost.

Album cover
The sleeve design was unusual, requiring a sideways look to unfold the full cover, or to have the artwork sideways to remove the LP. The cover pic was taken that summer by Pete Sanders at his parents' home in Selbridge. White pancake face makeup was worn by Marc and Mickey, while Bolan clutched his electric guitar to suit the new electric image he was trying to create. A preface to the printed lyrics states "Dedicated To All Who Are And Will Be Forevermore."

Release
T. Rex was released on 18 December 1970 by Fly and Reprise. The US pressing of the LP concluded with "Ride a White Swan" rather than "The Children of Rarn (Reprise)".

The album broke T. Rex in the UK, following the surprise success of the then-recent single "Ride a White Swan", which reached No. 2 in the UK Singles Chart, and before its No. 1 follow-up "Hot Love". The album is today listed by the Official Charts Company's website as having eventually reached a chart peak of No. 7 and accumulated several runs on the charts totaling 25 weeks. This peak however took place during the 1971 United Kingdom postal workers strike, during which no album chart was issued and therefore the site recognises the Melody Maker chart for February–April 1971. The Guinness Book of British Hit Albums which did not recognise any album chart for the missing weeks, listed the album as having peaked at No. 13.

In 2004, the album was remastered and reissued by A&M Records with 9 bonus tracks. In 2014 a two-disc deluxe edition was released by A&M in Europe with the first disc containing the remastered album along with non-LP tracks and a BBC radio session on disc one, with a plethora of demos and studio outtakes on disc two.

Reception and legacy
Upon release, Rolling Stone published a glowing review saying, "It's difficult to isolate any one or two songs as being special favorites". Reviewer Todd Everett praised the band for "their ability to intermix vocal and instrumental sounds — the voices often go into a feedback guitar imitation. It's not the kind of trick every group should try". In the UK reception was also highly positive, with Ray Hollingworth of Melody Maker describing it as "energy-packed rock, basted with Bolan's poetic and imaginative vocals", while Nick Logan of New Musical Express opined it was "immensely enjoyable".

In his retrospective review, Mark Deming of AllMusic wrote, "T. Rex is the quiet before the storm of Electric Warrior, and it retains a loopy energy and easy charm that makes it one of Bolan's watershed works".

Richard Barone of the Bongos covered "The Visit" on his first solo album, Cool Blue Halo (1987). Siouxsie Sioux covered "Jewel" in 1999 with her second band the Creatures.

Personnel
with:
 * T.Rex
 * Marc Bolan – vocals, guitar, bass, organ
 * Mickey Finn – drums, bass, Pixiphone, vocals
 * Tony Visconti – bass, piano, recorder, string arrangements, production
 * Howard Kaylan – backing vocals
 * Mark Volman – backing vocals
 * Roy Thomas Baker – engineering