Talk:Advaita Vedanta/Archive 2

Masculine (Nirguna) Brahman
"It (grammatically neutral, but exceptionally treated as masculine)," how come attributeless Brahman be treated as masculine or feminine, even as an exception? because if it is exceptionally viewed as masculine, it is no longer "nirguna," but "saguna." Twipley (talk) 18:50, 22 March 2009 (UTC)


 * I had added this, and the basis is Grammar and not logic. This is mentioned in Merriam-Webster Sanskrit English dictionary. Like, in English, a ship is Grammatically Neuter but often exceptionally treated as feminine. Cygnus_hansa (talk) 18:34, 10 April 2009 (UTC)

Prerequisites-The necessity of a guru
This entire section is based on portions of one chapter of the Chāndogya Upanishad. The section is clearly biased toward those that believe that a guru is necessary to simply 'study' Advaita Vedanta which is clearly not the case. I propose that this section be discussed and properly dealt with. At one time there was a small paragraph at the bottom of this section that stated with references that a guru is not necessary, it stated that a guru may be helpful perhaps but not necessary for the study of Advaita, however this small paragraph was deleted. —Preceding unsigned comment added by LeMaster (talk • contribs) 13:39, 30 March 2009 (UTC)


 * Does the new addition fix the sourcing problem to your satisfaction? Mitsube (talk) 22:58, 30 March 2009 (UTC)

The problem is not merely sourcing, if it were I could have easily remedied the matter myself. The problem is that this section is biased. The additional source you've added is a clear example and I would encourage anyone with an interest in this matter to read it. Even in the additional source you've been so kind to add there are two opposing positions. The section is once again clearly biased toward one side of this issue. The article is no place for personal opinions or beliefs, it has, as I'm sure you're aware, to be neutral. Also, let me add that the POV tag that I placed on the section, and which you removed, according to Wikipedia is not to be removed until this matter as been concluded. I understand that it is the position of some that a guru is a necessity, however it is not the only position and should not be considered so in this article. Perhaps we can work together to conclude this matter. —Preceding unsigned comment added by LeMaster (talk • contribs) 01:44, 31 March 2009 (UTC)
 * If you want to include Vivekananda's opposing views from the Rambachan source that is perfectly fine with me. Mitsube (talk) 02:16, 31 March 2009 (UTC)


 * LeMaster, it is unfair of you to write a POV tag to the whole article. Most sections are fine and NPOV. Please replace the tag with a section-POV tag in the appropriate section.Cygnus_hansa (talk) 18:39, 10 April 2009 (UTC)

There is one possibility that might help make this section clearer. I post it here only as a suggestion for those who can do a better job than I at finding what would be acceptable references according to Wikipedia standards. That said, the idea is that there appears to be two general views on "guru". One is that it is a person, and that other is that it is (said only approximately) an energy force which guides and draws a sadhaka. Possibly the confusion here could be clearer to the reader of this section if both of those views were presented in the section. With both of those, there could be some narrative about two different questions or issues: 1) Is an embodied guru, as a personage needed? and 2) Is the force field called guru needed? I'm not wanting to get in the middle of a debate about these issues, as I don't feel personally qualified to do that (in addition to the fact that I personally walk both sides on this question). I suggest it only as an idea. After those of you who are actively working on this have all read this note, I'm okay with your deleting it. Again, it is only meant as suggestive as a possible direction. Swami Jnaneshvara —Preceding unsigned comment added by Swamij (talk • contribs) 03:43, 23 April 2009 (UTC)

It depends entirely on the concern and perspective of the one engaging in the study of Advait whether or not he needs a Guru. The scholar who wishes to find out what Advaita Vedant is in terms of its metaphysical position has one kind of interest, and one who wishes to attain the state of Advait Vedant (proper spelling without the added "a" according to Indian scholarship not influenced by western transliteration schemes) has another interest and concern. The Indian scriptures give enough material for a lifetime of pondering questions such as "What is the purpose of life, why am I here, what is the truth and basis of the world" etc. On the other hand, a Guru helps pinpoint and clarify one's questions, removes obstacles and often gives a technique to realize the Advait state directly.

As this is not the time of the Chandogya Upanishad and we are not confined to India, I submit that the reader himself decide whether the study of Advait Vedant requires a Guru. --Gloriashine (talk) 07:32, 17 June 2009 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Gloriashine (talk • contribs)

I went to the referenced section in the Munkaka Upanishad, and as I expected, it does not state this as a requirement for gaining the knowledge. I use Muller's 1879 translation as the most scholarly and well documented translation. It says "Let a Brahmana, afterhe hasexamined all these worlds which are gained by works, acquire freedom from all desires. Nothing that is eternal (not made) can be gained by what is not eternal (made). Let him, in order to understand this, take fuel in his hand and approach a Guru who is learned and dwells entirely in Brahman. To that pupil who has approached him respectfully, whose thoughts are not troubled by any desires, and who has obtained perfect peace, the wise teacher truly told that knowledge of Brahman through which he knows the eternal and true Person." HOWEVER, this whole section is written as a commentary and advice to practicing Vedic Priests who were trivializing the deep meanings and only practicing wrote ceremonies without understanding them. In #7 it says: "But frail, in truth, are those boats, the sacrifices, the eighteen, in which this lower ceremonial has been told. Fools who praise this as the highest good are subject again and again to old age and death." 8. "Fools dwelling in darkness, wise in their own conceit, and puffed up with vain knowledge, go round and round staggering to and fro, like blind men led by the blind." 9. Children, when they have long lived in ignorance, consider themselves happy. Because those who depend on their good works are, owing to their passions, improvident, they fall and become miserable when their life (in the world which they have gained by their good works) is finished. 10. "Considering sacrifice and good works as the best, these fools know no higher good, and having enjoye (their reward) on the height of heaven, gained by good works, they enter again this world or a lower one." --- So, the section is addressed to people who are satisfied with their knowledge and puffed up about it, not working to go deeper with it. Even so, the following sections offer TWO remedies, not just the one of seeing a guru. The first is self-study. It says: 11. "But those who practise penance and faith in the forest, tranquil, wise, and living on alms, depart free from passion through the sun to where that immortal Person dwells whose nature is imperishable." -- So, it is this practice of deep meditation unattached to the world, in "the forest" which is the deep recesses of the mind away from the human world of meanings, that accomplishes the task of liberation. The paragraphs that follow suggest going to a guru to learn of this truth. It does not mean that even the Guru's teaching will replace the learning of direct experience, but the Guru is one who has done what paragraph 11 describes, and therefore the Guru can confirm it and explain it. That, I believe, is the more correct understanding of this passage. Dr. John Kineman, Ph.D. University of Colorado(Environmental Scientist and student of the Vedas). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.42.111.76 (talk) 23:30, 12 October 2009 (UTC)

Ishwara
isn't ishwara viewed as a "supreme controller," and omnipotent being? i see its mention as conflicting with the brahman notion of the advaita vedanta tradition not really conceiving "god" as a rational, reasoning and acting, agent, but rather as "something else." as wainright (2006) states:

''The rejection of theism also follows from Advaita’s conviction that Brahman contains no internal diversity ("is without parts") and is identical with the whole of reality ("is one without a second"). If Brahman is all there is, for example, then there is nothing outside Brahman that could serve as an object of its knowledge. And if it is devoid of internal diversity, there can be no self-knowledge either, for self-knowledge involves an internal differentiation between the self as knower and the self as known. Nor can the Brahman be a causal agent. If Brahman is maximally perfect, it must be unlimited. But it is limited if something exists outside it. The Brahman must therefore be all there is. If the Brahman is identical with the whole of reality, though, and Brahman contains no plurality, then reality as a whole is an undifferentiated unity. The space-time world with its distinctions between times, places, and events is consequently unreal. Real causal relations are relations between two real things, however. So Brahman is neither the cause of the space-time world as a whole nor of the events in it, and is thus neither the space-time world’s creator nor its ruler. It follows from these considerations that Brahman is neither an omniscient mind nor an omnipotent and active will. It cannot be a maximally perfect person, therefore, and so cannot be God.''

source: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/concepts-god

Twipley (talk) 14:14, 2 April 2009 (UTC)


 * It is not God but appears to be so, just as with everything else. Mitsube (talk) 06:37, 3 April 2009 (UTC)


 * Ishwara is the supreme controller and omnipotent being, but only in the Pragmatic Level of Reality.Cygnus_hansa (talk) 18:37, 10 April 2009 (UTC)

Article being vandalized
There are a couple of IP addresses that deleted entire sections of well sourced material. Thigle (talk) 21:07, 25 March 2011 (UTC)

You vandalize your own article when you start with the supposed influences of buddhism in Advaita Vedanta before even the actual article about what is Advaita Vedanta. The only one source that you make reference to is inadequate and insubstantial. The way you are presenting it creates the misconception that it is a fact that Advaita Vedanta is influenced by Buddhism. If you were dispassionate, you would make references to all the other innumerable sources that show exactly the opposite. And as if this wasn't enough you are referring to the influences of Buddhism before even the reference to Adi Sankara and Advaita Vedanta. Is it the right way, to write an article? This is completely unacceptable! For god's shake, show a little respect to the readers...

MARIA

Advaita Vedanta was influenced by buddhism rather strongly. This is mainstream academic opinion.

And yes this information belongs toward the beginning of the entry since Advaita Vedanta was developed centuries after Mahayana. Even some Upanishads are buddhist influenced (which is another mainstream academic opinion).

Your attitude is what is wrong with Wikipedia as a whole. Thigle (talk) 18:06, 2 April 2011 (UTC)

THIS IS A MATTER OF DEBATE FOR SOME IF MAHAYANA BUDDHISM HAS INFLUENCED ADVAITA. The way you are writing is absolute, you are considering this as a fact. And your argumentation is very poor and is based only in one source. Make a decent research and be objective. You are writing : <>. Which Buddhist sources are you referring to? And again <>. BE MORE SPECIFIC. This is a very sensitive matter and that's why you have to be more careful.

And the most important, you write about the influence of Vedanta before you speak about what is Vedanta? This is completely wrong. The development of both mahAyAna buddhism and vedAnta took place more or less simultaneously, and within the same larger geographical area. First, you speak about what is Vedanta and then about the influence. It is very simple!

To sum up, you have to add this to the end of the article, to add more than one source and of course to examine the other view and emphasize the fact that it is a matter of debate and give examples for the other view. Make a more adequate research than the quotation of only one book. And don't forget that Μahαyαna buddhism is but vedAnta clothed in buddhist colors, has been addressed by as early a buddhist writer as bhAvaviveka (6th century CE). In my opinion, maybe you have to create an entire new article about this and examining both opinions.

For all that, I have to delete you again, you are creating wrong impressions to the readers.

Μ

I am researching what to do about this repeated vandalismThigle (talk) 00:55, 3 April 2011 (UTC)

I give you all the references, I include academic sources and I have included even your part of the article and you are speaking about vandalism? The only vandal is you! Take a look here about a real objective article about Advaita and the section about Buddhism and you may learn something. For example, how an article must be written. http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Advaita You don't have a single idea of what is Advaita. I am losing my time with you and you are creating the wrong impression to the readers. This is completely shame! Keep on spreading the disinformation and dogmatism! Hopefully no one take serious wiki anymore...```` —Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.219.210.203 (talk) 01:12, 3 April 2011 (UTC)

There are ample Upanishads dated pre-Buddhist. To claim that Upanishads come after Buddha's era, and to say that Advaita has been influced by this is false. For example, the Brihadaraynaka Upanishad which predates Buddha has the following


 * Brihadaraynaka U.

''2.4.6. 'Whosoever looks for the Brahman-class elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by the Brahman-class. Whosoever looks for the Kshatra-class elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by the Kshatra-class. Whosoever looks for the worlds elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by the worlds. Whosoever looks for the Devas elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by the Devas. Whosoever looks for creatures elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by the creatures. Whosoever looks for anything elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by everything. This Brahman-class, this Kshatra-class, these worlds, these Devas, these creatures, this everything, all is that Self.''

I can provide even more quotes from pre-Buddhist Upanishads to detail how the Advaita Vedanta concepts have existed from before the time of Buddha. What Shankara did was to simply hark back to Upanishadic truths. Buddhism on the other hand, incorporates a plethora of Upanishadic notions such as Karma, Dharma, Atman etc etc.

If the writer of this sub section does not come up with a valid counter argument, i will remove the Buddhist influence subsection a few days from now. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.5.123.105 (talk) 07:42, 24 September 2011 (UTC)

Follow up ---

I waited a while to see any responses, and lacking such i will go ahead and remove the Buddhist influence section. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.5.123.105 (talk) 15:39, 3 October 2011 (UTC)

The Origins of Brahman?
Has there ever been any philosophy that even attempts to answer the question of what I term to be: “The ultimate mystery”? That is, how can anything exist? To put the question another way, and perhaps more clearly, how can existence exist?

I have instinctively been attracted to both AV and Zen (between which I cannot differentiate a dime’s worth of substantive difference, though the former is certainly more scholastic in tenor), but even here one runs up against the same old riddle that seemingly no philosophy, theistic, atheistic or (that which is commonly termed, at least) pantheistic, can seem to offer any sort of coherent answer or even speculation. As kids in Catholic school, the Church fell back on indoctrinating us with the pat answer (regarding God’s origins) of: "God always was, always is, and always will be.”  My response to that (in high school) had been a rather impertinent retort of:  “Then why can’t we just say the same for the universe?” without realizing at the time that David Hume had asked the same question long before me.

Does AV or any Eastern religion (or anyone else for that matter) have even a speculation as to the origins of Brahman, or do they too fall back on the theistic answer and call it a day?

Thanks. — Preceding unsigned comment added by HistoryBuff14 (talk • contribs) 17:26, 19 April 2011 (UTC)

The question should instead be: How can existence NOT exist? To quote Samkara: "No one can doubt the fact of his own existence. Were one to do so, who would the doubter be?". Thus, if we exist, and we do not realize our purpose (not having obtained Para Vidya) and are therefore in pain, it presupposes a Saguna-Brahman, as there then exists evil that makes us suffer, and therefore a creator of evil; But within Advaita we can say that Brahman exists because We exist (following Descartes or the previous Samkara quote) so then there must be a cause for the effect of our existence... There cannot be an effect without a cause.

Namaste. --Torsrthidesen (talk) 22:29, 12 October 2011 (UTC)

Edit war cease-fire
I won't pretend to understand the nuances of the content dispute that has been occurring here, this is not a subject I have any knowledge of. What I do understand is the nuances of Wikipedia's policy on edit warring. I suggest that those who have been edit warring take a moment to make themselves familiar with them as well. The page is currently protected from editing to stop the warring, since WP:BRD was not being followed here. Please use this time to discuss these matters. When the protection expires, any return to edit warring can and will lead to alll participants being blocked, so please don't do that. If you cannot resolve the issues yourselves you can open a request for comment or pursue other forms of dispute resolution. Beeblebrox (talk) 22:59, 5 November 2011 (UTC)

My intended content
(If anyone wants to challenge the content please do so in the talk page here as requested by the administrators. I can provide references as required by the person challenging the content. If no one challenges the content, then the content below will be posted in the Advaita Vedanta page)

Advaita Vedanta (IAST ; Sanskrit: अद्वैत वेदान्त ) is considered to be the most influential and most dominant sub-school of the Vedānta (literally, end or the goal of the Vedas, Sanskrit) school of Hindu philosophy. Other major sub-schools of Vedānta are Dvaita and ; while the minor ones include Suddhadvaita, Dvaitadvaita and Achintya Bhedabheda. Advaita (literally, non-duality) is a system of thought that refers to the relationship between the Individual Self, I, the Ego (Ātman_(Hinduism)) and Consciousness, God (Brahman).

According to Advaita (literally, non-duality) system of thought Consciousness, GodBrahman is the only reality, the Individual Self, I, the Ego (Ātman_(Hinduism)) is unreal. The Individual Self, I, the Ego (Ātman_(Hinduism)) assumes it is real based on its body, mind identity. Removing this delusion of the Individual Self, I, the Ego (Ātman_(Hinduism)) with the body, mind identity and realizing that all that there is Consciousness, God Brahman is called Self-Realization.

There are several paths to achieve self realization as prescribed by the Bhagavad Gita. The paths are


 * Gyana Yoga - The path of Wisdom based on Meditation


 * Bhakti Yoga - The path of Absolute Devotion to God


 * Karma Yoga - Doing your duty without attachment (non doership) and not expecting the results from the work

Each path if followed will quieten the mind and with time dissolve the delusion of the Individual Self, I, the Ego (Ātman_(Hinduism)) with the body, mind identity and realize that all that there is Consciousness, God (Brahman). .

The key source texts for all schools of Vedānta are the Prasthanatrayi—the canonical texts consisting of the Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita and the Brahma Sutras. The first person to explicitly consolidate the principles of Advaita Vedanta was Adi Shankara, while the first historical proponent was Gaudapada, the guru of Shankara's guru Govinda Bhagavatpada.

Ramana Maharshi prescribes the Gyana Yoga path (Self Inquiry - Who am I?) as the way to achieve Self Realization.

International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness by A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada prescribes Bhakti, devotion to God as the way to reach Self Realization.
 * NONE of the additional stuff has to do with classical medieval Vedanta. 72.92.11.182 (talk) 15:50, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

The point of discussion is Advaita Vedanta Philosphy, what has Classical Medieval Vedanta got to do with this.Upanishads and interpretation by Adi Sankara, Ramana Maharshi and others have contributed the body of knowledge - the oneness of Brahman. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.227.241.248 (talk) 16:48, 6 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Ramana Maharishi is a modern guy. This article is about medieval Vedanta. 72.92.11.182 (talk) 17:28, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

Advaita Vedanta page in wikipedia is not specific to Medieval Vedanta. Advaita Vedanta is a school of thought that talks about the oneness of Brahman.Advaita Vedanta is mentioned in Rig Vedas, Ancient vedic period. Sage Vyasa, Adi Sankara, Ramana maharshi, Prabhupada have all contributed to the body of knowledge - the oneness of Brahman.

List of Advaita Teachers

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_teachers_of_Advaita_Vedanta

— Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.227.241.248 (talk) 22:42, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

Buddhist influence
Advaita system of thought is based on the Upanishads, a collection of Hindu religious texts that was written prior to the birth of Buddha. The Bhagavad_Gita has verses that talk about paths to self realization and that Brahman is the only truth which is the central tenet of Hinduism and the Advaita system of thought. Hence the notion that Advaita Vedanta as a philosophy of thought was influenced by Buddhism is a false assumption.

Adi Sankara led the Hindu renaissance through Advaita when Buddhism spread across India. This has led to some false views that Advaita Vedanta was influenced by Buddhism. The Advaita philosophy in the times of Adi Sankara may have some Buddhist influence, but the source of Advaita philosophy is mentioned in the Vedas and Upanishads which predate the birth of Buddha.

“There is no doer of a deed Or one who reaps the deed’s result Phenomena alone flows on No other view than this is right.” - Buddha

Buddha's words follow the Karma Yoga path to Self realization.

In the Bhagavad Gita, Krishna says (ITRANS transliteration is used below.): "karmaNyE vAdhikArastE mA phalEShu kadAchana mA karmaphalahEturbhUH mA tE sa~NghOstu akarmaNi"

Therefore, without being attached to the fruits of activities, one should act as a matter of duty, for by working without attachment one attains the Supreme.[2] — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.227.241.248 (talk) 14:29, 6 November 2011 (UTC)


 * At the risk of getting my head bit off, I believe Beeblebrox misinterpreted the situation here. This is not a content dispute. Ramanatruth is a fundamentalist Hindu follower of Ramana Maharishi inserting statements that the Bhagavad Gita dates from 3000 BCE and so on. Thats why they erased the Buddhist influence section, which was there for a while. They even erased real academic sources at one point and inserted books regarding Ramana Maharishi. The Buddhist Influence section is probably the highest quality section of the entire article. 72.92.2.155 (talk) 06:46, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

Please see my content of the reworded the Buddhist Influence section with the reference. Please let me know if you have any questions on the reworded content below. I would appreciate if 72.92.2.155 stop the name calling like fundamentalist and start debating specific content.

Buddhist examples may have been included in the Advaita teachings of Adi Sankara I am not debating that. But the philosphy of Adivaita, the oneness of Brahmin is in the Vedas, Upanishads which predate the birth of Adi Sankara and Buddha. I hold Adi Sankara, Ramana Maharshi, Prabhupada, Buddha and all sages equally. I dont see quoting any of their works to be a mistake in the Advaita Vedanta page. They have all preached the oneness of Brahmin, Consciousness, God.

Gautama Buddha lived in 563 BCE to 483 BCE

The date of Bhagavad Gita 3000 BCE is mentioned in the Bhagavad Gita wikipedia page with references.

Bhagavad-gītā As It Is 13.31

When a sensible man ceases to see different identities due to different material bodies and he sees how beings are expanded everywhere, he attains to the Brahman conception.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita#Date_and_text

Rig Veda 1700–1100 BC[4] (the early Vedic period).

prajñānam brahma - "Consciousness is Brahman" (Aitareya Upanishad 3.3 of the Rig Veda)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigveda
 * You need to post atleast one verbatim quote from an academic source to counteract the Buddhist Influence section which contains verbatim quotes. You are not a scholar. You cannot make up your own arguments. 72.92.11.182 (talk) 15:25, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

I quoted the dates of the Upanishads which predate the birth of Buddha. When a thought is established prior to the birth of Buddha, how can Buddhism claim influence of Advaita. If some Advaita scholars use Buddhist examples in their teachings of Advaita, does not mean Buddhism influenced Advaita.

Rig Veda 1700–1100 BC[4] (the early Vedic period). Bhagavad Gita 3000 BCE Gautama Buddha lived in 563 BCE to 483 BCE

Advaita philosophy, the three paths to realizing Brahman is the central tenet of Hinduism.

There are several paths to achieve self realization as prescribed by the Bhagavad Gita. The paths are Gyana Yoga - The path of Wisdom based on Meditation Bhakti Yoga - The path of Absolute Devotion to God Karma Yoga - Doing your duty without attachment (non doership) and not expecting the results from the work

Instead of being a fundamental Buddhist. You should let common sense prevail.

If Buddha were to patent "Advaita Philosophy" it will be rejected due to "prior art" in Upanishads.

— Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.227.241.248 (talk) 16:53, 6 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Just find a direct quote that counteracts the academic consensus and verbatim quotes already given in the section. Now for your own knowledge, you should read Comans' book on Vedanta. Adi Shankara, Gaudapada quoted Buddhist scholars by name, and borrowed verbatim arguments from them. Lastly most Upanshads were written after the Buddha. 72.92.11.182 (talk) 17:36, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

Rig Veda 1700–1100 BC[4] (the early Vedic period). Bhagavad Gita 3000 BCE Gautama Buddha lived in 563 BCE to 483 BCE

During the time of Birth of Buddha, Hinduism was the religion of the time. Vedas and Upanishads are the basic religious texts of Hinduism. I have quoted the dates when the Vedas and Upanishads were written. They predate the birth of Buddha. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ramanatruth (talk • contribs) 22:52, 6 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Advaita Vedanta is an interpretation of the Vedas and Upanishads, Advaita is not those texts in themselves. That interpretation cannot be shown to exist until after Buddhism came about.  There is a difference between a text and its interpretations, so the date of the Vedas, Upanishads, and Buddha is irrelevant. Ian.thomson (talk) 23:00, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

Advaita Vedanta is not an interpretation of Vedas, it is from the vedas. The "oneness of Brahman" is mentioned in Vedas and Bhagavad Gita.

prajñānam brahma - "Consciousness is Brahman" (Aitareya Upanishad 3.3 of the Rig Veda) ayam ātmā brahma - "This Self (Atman) is Brahman" (Mandukya Upanishad 1.2 of the Atharva Veda) tat tvam asi - "Thou art That" (Chandogya Upanishad 6.8.7 of the Sama Veda) aham brahmāsmi - "I am Brahman" (Brhadaranyaka Upanishad 1.4.10 of the Yajur Veda)

Adi Sankara led the Hindu renaissance by focusing on the Advaita Philosophy without the rituals from the Vedas and Upanishads to counter the spread of Buddhism at the time. Adi Sankara debated the Buddhists of the time and won.

"

Shankara travelled extensively, while writing commentaries on the Upanishads, Vishnu sahasranama, and the Bhagavad Gita. He engaged in a series of debates with Buddhist scholars, and with scholars of the Purva Mimamsa school, which helped in cementing his spiritual ascendancy. One of the most famous of these debates was with Mandana Mishra.

"

http://www.astrojyoti.com/adishankaracharya.htm

" The main opponent in Adi Sankara's work is the Mimamsa school of thought, though he also offers arguments against the views of some other schools like Samkhya and certain schools of Buddhism.

"

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adi_Shankara#Meeting_with_Mandana_Mishra

"Adi Shankara's works deal with logically establishing the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta as he saw it in the Upanishads. He formulates the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta by validating his arguments on the basis of quotations from the Vedas and other Hindu scriptures. He gives a high priority to svānubhava ("personal experience") of the student. His works are largely polemical in nature. He directs his polemics mostly against the Sankhya, Buddha, Jaina, Vaisheshika and other non-vedantic Hindu philosophies."

Vedas minus the rituals is Advaita Vedanta. This was propagated by Adi Sankara, Vaishnavism and Saivism which led to the decline of buddhism in India. Adi Sankara has used Buddhist examples to debate Buddhism but the origin of Advaita Vedanta is Vedas and Upanishads which predate the birth of Buddha.

Advaita Vedanta is not a trademark or a copyright. It is a philosophy which had its origin in the Vedas and Upanishads which predate the birth of Buddha. Adi Sankara led the Hindu renaissance from the onslaught of Buddhism in India by focusing on the Advaita sections of Vedas and ignoring the ritual sections.

I am not debating the Buddhist influence on the revival of Hindusism which led to the Philosophical convergence. All i am debating is that Advaita Vedanta the philosophy of thought has its roots in Vedas and Upanishads.

prajñānam brahma - "Consciousness is Brahman" (Aitareya Upanishad 3.3 of the Rig Veda) ayam ātmā brahma - "This Self (Atman) is Brahman" (Mandukya Upanishad 1.2 of the Atharva Veda) tat tvam asi - "Thou art That" (Chandogya Upanishad 6.8.7 of the Sama Veda) aham brahmāsmi - "I am Brahman" (Brhadaranyaka Upanishad 1.4.10 of the Yajur Veda)

Karma, Maya, Dharma are all words used in Vedas and Upanishads.

" Philosophical convergence See also: Buddhism and Hinduism One factor that contributed to the demise of Buddhism was the diminishing of Buddhism's distinctiveness with respect to the ascendant Hinduism. Though Mahayana writers were quite critical of Hinduism, the devotional cults of Mahayana Buddhism and Hinduism likely seemed quite similar to laity, and the developing Tantrism of both religions were also similar.[54] Furthermore, Hinduism borrowed elements from Buddhism. Vaishnavites eventually frowned on animal sacrifices and practiced vegetarianism (a requirement of Mahayana texts), while Shaivites came to downgrade caste-distinctions as not relevant to religious practice. Furthermore, the prominent Hindu philosopher Shankara developed a monastic order on the Buddhist model, and also borrowed concepts from Buddhist philosophy.[54] Pande (1994: p. 255) identifies the entwined relationship of Buddhism and the view of Shankara: The relationship of Śaṅkara to Buddhism has been the subject of considerable debate since ancient times. He has been hailed as the arch critic of Buddhism and the principal architect of its downfall in India. At the same time he has been described as a Buddhist in disguise. Both these opinions have been expressed by ancient as well as modern authors--scholars, philosophers, historians and sectaries.[55] While Shankara is given credit for the defeat of Buddhism in Hindu literature, he was in fact active after Buddhism had faded from prominence in some areas. In particular, he was not a contemporary of the great Indian Buddhist philosopher, Dharmakirti. When Shankara came north to the intellectual centers there, he borrowed many of the ideas that had been formulated by Buddhist philosophers of the past.[56] In his exposition that the world is an illusion, Shankara borrowed arguments from Madhyamaka and Yogacara, though he disagreed with them on some matters.[57] Despite this, Shankara described the Buddha as an enemy of the people.[54] Literary evidences point towards an absorption of Buddhist elements by Hindu culture over a period of centuries.[58] Anti-Buddhist propaganda was also reaching its peak during the 8th century when Shankara modeled his monastic order after the Buddhist Sangha.[58] An upsurge of Hinduism had taken place in North India by the early 11th century as illustrated by the influential Sanskrit drama Prabodhacandrodaya in the Chandela court; a devotion to Vishnu and an allegory to the defeat of Buddhism and Jainism.[58] The population of North India had become predominantly Shaiva, Vaishnava or Shakta.[58] By the 12th century a lay population of Buddhist hardly existed outside the monastic institutions and when it did penetrate the Indian peasant population it was hardly discernible as a distinct community.[59] Buddhist monasteries were well-funded and life within was relatively easy. To avoid unwanted members, many monasteries became selective about whom they admitted, in some cases based on social class.[citation needed]

"

Advaita Vedanta the philosophy of "oneness of Brahman" is in the Rig Veda, the oldest Veda.

prajñānam brahma - "Consciousness is Brahman" (Aitareya Upanishad 3.3 of the Rig Veda)

Rig Veda 1700–1100 BC[4] (the early Vedic period). Gautama Buddha lived in 563 BCE to 483 BCE

Advaita Vedanta is not a "Trademark" or "Copyright".

I am not debating some Advaita Vedanta teachers including Adi Sankara may have used Buddhist examples in their teaching or if Buddhism had any influence. All i am saying is Advaita Vedanta as a philosophy of thought, the "oneness of Brahmin" is in the Rig Veda which predates the birth of Buddha.

Quoting again,

prajñānam brahma - "Consciousness is Brahman" (Aitareya Upanishad 3.3 of the Rig Veda)

The Mahavakyas are:

prajñānam brahma - "Consciousness is Brahman" (Aitareya Upanishad 3.3 of the Rig Veda) ayam ātmā brahma - "This Self (Atman) is Brahman" (Mandukya Upanishad 1.2 of the Atharva Veda) tat tvam asi - "Thou art That" (Chandogya Upanishad 6.8.7 of the Sama Veda) aham brahmāsmi - "I am Brahman" (Brhadaranyaka Upanishad 1.4.10 of the Yajur Veda)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mah%C4%81v%C4%81kyas — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ramanatruth (talk • contribs) 23:55, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decline_of_Buddhism_in_India — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ramanatruth (talk • contribs) 23:24, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adi_Shankara#Meeting_with_Mandana_Mishra — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ramanatruth (talk • contribs) 23:13, 6 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Address the comment of Ian.thomson above. 72.92.121.144 (talk) 01:46, 7 November 2011 (UTC)


 * I mentioned the issue at WT:Hinduism-related topics notice board, although that page may not be very active. Johnuniq (talk) 03:11, 7 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Ramanatruth, Wikipedia does not take original research. If you can provide secondary sources which meet our reliable sourcing guidelines which show that the Advaita interpretation existed before Buddhism started, we'll put that in the article.  So far, you have yet to provide any evidence that there were Advaita Vedanta was spoken or written about before Buddhism, only what can be seen as later interpretations of out of context portions of older works, and starting to go against WP:NOTFORUM and WP:NOTSOAPBOX. Ian.thomson (talk) 11:54, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

1. Please look at the dates. The date is the biggest proof.

Rig Veda 1700–1100 BC[4] (the early Vedic period)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigveda#Dating_and_historical_context

Gautama Buddha lived in 563 BCE to 483 BCE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gautama_Buddha

Rig veda is written prior to the birth of Buddha.--Ramanatruth (talk) 21:11, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

Sir if you see the Advaita Vedanta wikipedia page see the section on Vedas. Now all you have to validate the time the Vedas were written and Buddha's birth.--Ramanatruth (talk) 21:16, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

Mahavakya--Ramanatruth (talk) 21:16, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

Mahavakya, or "the great sentences", state the unity of Brahman and Atman. There are many such sentences in the vedas, but one sentence from each veda is usually chosen. They are shown below Sr. No.	Vakya	Meaning	Upanishad	Veda 1	प्रज्ञानं ब्रह्म (Prajñānam brahma)	Consciousness is Brahman	aitareya	Rig Veda 2.	अहं ब्रह्मास्मि (Aham brahmāsmi)	I am Brahman	brihadāranyaka	Yajur Veda 3.	तत्त्वमसि (Tat tvam asi)	That thou art	chhandogya	Sama Veda 4.	अयमात्मा ब्रह्म (Ayamātmā brahma)	This Atman is Brahman	mandukya	Atharva Veda--Ramanatruth (talk) 21:16, 7 November 2011 (UTC)--Ramanatruth (talk) 21:17, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

2. What is Advaita Vedanta ? - The Oneness of Brahmin. It is in the Rig Veda.

A direct quote from Rig Veda.

prajñānam brahma - "Consciousness is Brahman" (Aitareya Upanishad 3.3 of the Rig Veda)

Hinduism does not have one founder like other world religions. Hinduism relies on Vedas the earliest of which is Rig Veda 1700-1100BC--Ramanatruth (talk) 21:11, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

Advaita Vedanta should not be treated like a Trademark, Copyright. Its a philosophy called oneness of Brahmin and the quote from Rig Veda says that. Now what other source do you need sir?

--Ramanatruth (talk) 21:11, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

Like I keep mentioning I am not arguing Adi Sankara a Adavita teacher did not use Buddhist examples in his teachings. But the only thing I argue is Advaita pilosophy - the oneness of Brahman is in Rig Vedas which predate the birth of Buddha. Hinduism is based on Vedas. The oneness of Brahman is a central Hindu philosophy. --Ramanatruth (talk) 21:11, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahman

--Ramanatruth (talk) 20:55, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

While we discuss if the Advaita thought is in Rig Veda which predates the birth of Buddha, can I update the earlier section of the Advaita page with the content? Like I said i am have been practicing Advaita for 6 years now. My intent is not to fight, but to ensure accurate content is in the page.--Ramanatruth (talk) 20:59, 7 November 2011 (UTC)--Ramanatruth (talk) 21:16, 7 November 2011 (UTC)
 * A text and the interpretation of the text are not the same thing. The Rig Veda being older than Buddhism does not mean that the Advaita interpretation is older than Buddhism.  You have not provided any evidence that the Advaita interpretation is older.  How do you not understand this?
 * To draw a comparison with different religions, the Jewish Bible was written about 2300 years ago, but the Lurianic Kabbalah interpretation is only 500 years old. The Christian Bible was written about 1900 years ago, but the Calvinist intrepretation of it is only about 500 years old.  The Quran was written about 1400 years ago, but the Wahhabi interpretation of it interpretation is only 300 years old.  There is a difference between a text and its interpretation, and working with an older text does not send its interpretation back in time.
 * You have not found any sources that show the Advaita interpretation is older, you have only found that later Advaitists interpreted older texts. Ian.thomson (talk) 23:59, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

So Advaita Vedanta from the way you look at is Adi Sankara's interpretation of Vedas, Upanishads, and he may have some Buddhist influence. Ok i accept the way you look at it. I think i will end my talk on this topic. Thanks for the clarification.--216.99.65.78 (talk) 15:20, 8 November 2011 (UTC)

Junk Sources
I don't consider http://www.hinduwebsite.com, Swami Vivekananda, Sri Sri Ravishankar etc. to be proper academic sources.72.92.119.254 (talk) 17:49, 30 November 2011 (UTC)
 * I was considering reverting as well, but hadn't taken the time to go through the sources. The revised section also confused the specific school of Advaita for Vedanta in general, and Vedanta for the earlier texts which it interpreted; all to downplay the influence Buddhism had on Advaita.  Some of the material is worth rescuing, though.  If noone else does it, I'll go through when I'm done with my final projects for the semester. Ian.thomson (talk) 17:55, 30 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Sure, there might have been some material worth rescuing. 72.92.121.162 (talk) 18:47, 30 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Yes please. I was somewhat taken aback first by the extraordinary flurry of additions that followed my very quiet (and decently-sourced ;-) quotation on the interplay; and almost as much, by seeing everything vanish again. All life is illusion, or something! Chiswick Chap (talk) 19:45, 30 November 2011 (UTC)


 * Sorry about the junk sources, I wasn't aware that website links were frowned upon. I shall try to get better ones. I have the following objections to the way this page reads:

1. "Buddhist influence" is an inappropriate first segment for an article on an important philosophy like Advaita. That is a sureshot indication that the editors of this page consider Advaita nothing but an illegitimate offspring of Buddhism. This topic on the interplay between Advaita, other traditions of Vedanta and Buddhism either belongs somewhere lower in the article, or in a separate article by itself. No one expects the Pre-Christian December 25 traditions of Europe to be the first thing you read on the wiki article on Christmas. In other instances, nothing of this sort is seen in the articles on Kabbalah or Dzogchen either. So I find it hard to understand why an article on Advaita would have to start with two strong quotes describing Buddhist influence, with no context provided whatsoever, before even starting with what Advaita itself talks about. 2. I completely agree with the prevailing academic opinion that Buddhism influenced Shankara and his gurus. But the quotes provided in the article before my first edit were very one-sided. Therefore, I threw in the Vivekananda quote, which did not contradict anything previously present in the article. In response, ChiswickChap added a very loaded quote which made it appear, to the lay reader, as though Advaita was an idea stolen from the Buddhists, and that every single propounder of Advaita since that time has been an ungrateful wretch singularly unappreciative of this fact. In fact the quote itself made sense only halfway through - "summarily paid lip service to as some sort of Crypto-Buddhism" - I really cannot make head or tail of what this is supposed to mean. It is of course true that Advaita has been accused of being hidden Buddhism by its philosophical enemies (especially from other Vedanta schools), and that is because it is quite similar to some forms of Buddhism.

3. To balance out the hostility of the Grimes quote from ChiswickChap and maintain NPOV, I added quotes from Vivekananda and Ravi Shankar, two modern practitioners of Advaita, whose knowledge of Advaita and Buddhism in all likelihood exceeds all of ours. Both persons strongly contradicted what Grimes had written (about Advaita practitioners not acknowledging their debt to the Buddha), by showing the greatest respect and gratitude for the pioneering work of the Buddha and the Mahayanists. And these two are among the two most-followed and celebrated spiritual leaders of modern India. The same is true of nearly every popular spiritual guru in India today.

4. It is true that Shankara himself vociferously sought to distance himself from the Buddhists, to criticize them as well as to defend himself from charges of being a Buddhist in disguise. At the same time, mention must be made that Gaudapada, Shankara's guru's guru, praised the Buddha effusively. I added that to the article as well.

5. I added in the well-established data about which specific Mahayana Buddhist schools were linked closely to Advaita, and wrote about their founders also being Brahmins, because there is a tendency amongst some modern Indian politicians to project Buddhism as an anti-Brahminical revolution that sought to combat alleged cruelty, lasciviousness and oppression by the Brahmins. The fact that many of the founders of important Buddhist schools were Brahmins is never mentioned, while Shankara alone is singled out for being a Brahmin (and thereby turned into an object of hate).

Thank you! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.177 (talk) 04:45, 1 December 2011 (UTC)

Interplay of Advaita and Buddhism
Thank you, (165.124.253.177) for the sensible and open tone of your reply.
 * I agree with your account, though without pretending nearly as much knowledge of the history. Most, possibly all of your additions seem entirely necessary.
 * I assure you I had no intention of anything but establishing the case for the interplay of A and B, which (clearly notable subject) seemed to my surprise to be being denied. I was of course not responsible for placing the section at the head of the article, nor for its ill-judged original title. Now the situation has changed, and we can consider what best to do.
 * I propose that we have, somewhere in the article - very possibly almost at the end - a section on the "Interplay of Advaita and Buddhism". (Amidst the flurry, I did in fact rename the section to that, but I expect it soon got trodden on.)
 * That section must take a neutral, well-sourced view of what that interplay was, in both directions.
 * It might be a good idea to have an actual chronology listed in a table (columns for Date, Person, Event, with a citation for each row) to show the flow of events in the interplay.
 * There may well be a place for evidence like the Grimes quote, suitably presented, to explain the history of the 20th century debate about the Interplay of A and B - clearly there would have to be properly-sourced quotes illustrating both sides of the debate. That might be a subsection headed "20th century debate on the Interplay of A and B" or words to that effect. But I'm happy to leave that to people who have a fuller perspective on the matter. Chiswick Chap (talk) 08:02, 1 December 2011 (UTC)


 * In re: 165.124.253.177:
 * 1. "That is a sureshot indication that the editors of this page consider Advaita nothing but an illegitimate offspring of Buddhism" - hardly so, but if Buddhism came first, and reliable sources say that the first recorded Advaita gurus were influenced by Buddhism, then we have to say that Advaita was influenced by Buddhism, regardless of our beliefs on the subject. There is only "hostility" if one thinks that the article must portray Advaita as some timeless truth (as some past editors have done), which is not how this place works.  My point still stands that the rewrite completely confused Advaita for Vedanta in general, and Vedanta for the texts it interpreted.  As for it being the first thing, it is simply because the history section is first.  The first part of the the history section of Christianity says that it started as a Jewish sect.  The first section in of the history section of the Christmas article is "Pre-Christian background."  The Kabbalah article is tricky because there's debate what it was influenced by (be it Gnosticism, Manichaeism, Neoplatonism, or Zoroastrianism).  Dzogchen's history is even more sketchy.  If you have reliable sources for those, please suggest them at those pages.
 * Still, I will move the history section after the sections on beliefs, as other articles do.
 * 2. If Buddhism came before Advaita, and since Advaita arose in areas where Buddhism was present, what explanation is there for similarities except for influence?
 * 3. Vivekananda and Ravi Shankar may be aware of the theology of Advaita, but that does not mean they have studied the history. Aside from Hinduism's influence on Buddhism, and Judaism's influence on Christianity, members of most religions rarely like to admit influence.
 * 5. That would be fine for a later interplay section, but it was unnecessary to overwrite the influence.
 * In re Chiswick Chap:
 * An interplay section is fine, but it shouldn't be the last thing in the article. History portions tend to go in chronological order, so placing it at the end makes the interplay seem like a recent event. Ian.thomson (talk) 15:33, 1 December 2011 (UTC)


 * Mmm, yes. How about adding some specific dates to the 'Interplay' section, then, to tie the statements down to historical time? Then it won't matter if the article is at the end, helping to keep everyone cool? Chiswick Chap (talk) 16:44, 1 December 2011 (UTC)


 * In re ChiswickChap - Thanks for the changes, and the prompt response.. Much appreciated!


 * In re Ian Thomson - Thanks for your inputs - here are my responses to your points..
 * 1. As I said in my previous post, I have absolutely no objection to the article stating that many aspects of Buddhist thought were incorporated by Shankara in his work. What I had a problem with was putting that as the first section of the article, without so much as a cursory nod towards all the other things that went into the synthesis that Shankara made. Several Indian religious figures from the Vaishnava Hindu sects have slammed Advaita for being Buddhism in disguise, therefore the Buddhist influence claim is not something radically new!


 * 2. Again, I am not denying the influence of Buddhism on Shankara and Gaudapada. Of course, there are plenty of academic authorities such as Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (academic philosopher who later served as Vice President of the Republic of India) who state that another source of overlap was that both the Lord Buddha and Shankara were influenced by the teachings of the oldest Upanishads, to varying degrees. Additionally, the Mahayana founders were from a much later era than the Buddha and the period of the early Upanishads (around 500 BCE) - Nagarjuna in the 3rd century AD, Vasubandhu and Asanga in the 4th century AD. It is established fact that the Mahayana is quite far removed from the original teachings of the Buddha (this claim was first made by the Theravada Buddhist school). The Mahayanists themselves, however, claim that their teachings are the correct interpretation of the Buddha and that theirs is the oldest school of Buddhism. This is pretty much the same thing with Vedanta - the major Upanishads themselves, which are the core material of Vedanta, were composed over a period from before 800 BCE to the late Mauryan era, so there are many which show no Buddhist influence at all, and there are many which show a lot of Buddhist influence. Every school of Vedanta claims to be the most accurate interpretation of the Upanishads, so it is one-sided to say that Advaitic thought "began" only after Mahayana, with the work of Gaudapada and Shankara. In the eyes of most Indian philosophers and religious figures of today, Advaitic nondualism is the only logical and natural conclusion to be drawn from pre-Buddhist texts like the Brihadaranyaka and Chandogya Upanishads. In all likelihood the interaction between the various philosophical schools and religions of Ancient India was complex, multidirectional and drawn out over millennia. It is not something as simple as saying this came first, that came later, therefore that was made under the influence of this.


 * 3. I provided quotes from Vivekananda and Ravi Shankar to provide proof that modern Advaitists do not deny their debt to the Mahayanist schools and the Buddha. And they both praised the influence of the Buddha, not exactly in line with your statement that apart from Christianity and Buddhism, religious leaders do not like crediting other people. There were indeed many Advaitins who vehemently denied Mahayana influence, but this attitude of exclusiveness is also found in several Buddhist teachers who adamantly hold to the position that Advaita is the opposite of Buddhism in every way - for instance http://www.byomakusuma.org/Teachings/EnlightenmentBuddhismVisAVisHinduism.aspx

Some hardened segments of the Brahmin orthodoxy in India do indeed continue to deny the Buddha's magnificent contributions to Indian thought, but to make them the spokespersons for all of Advaita and Indian spirituality in general would be akin to making the Ku Klux Klan the authority on being Caucasian! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 19:58, 1 December 2011 (UTC)

Scholarly article?
The article is much improved recently, IMO. I do have a concern, though: In the preceding discussion, there was mention that it is a "scholarly article." This seems to be contrary to the policy of What Wikipedia is not (see #8). The policy states: "Texts should be written for everyday readers, not for academics. Article titles should reflect common usage, not academic terminology, whenever possible."

It seems to me that terms such as "Ontology" and "Epistemology" are beyond the scope of general readers. I will edit to try to make the text more readable for general readers. Sunray (talk) 21:19, 1 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Not really. Both of those are discussed in Advaita books for the general reader, using those exact words. You know the type of books on the shelves of Barnes and Nobles. If you really want to help, delete all the uncited material, and fix the formatting you broke. Or maybe its just my widescreen. 72.92.117.234 (talk) 21:27, 1 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't understand your reference. Barnes and Noble has books for the general reader, for sure, but it also has esoteric and philosophical works that are for specialized readers. Sunray (talk) 21:53, 1 December 2011 (UTC)


 * WP may reference scholarly books and papers, with care to avoid OR, but must take care to be encyclopedic in tone and approachability for "everyday readers, not for academics" as rightly stated above - WP should not be for the most academic readers and the dark dusty shelves (full of very expensive heavy volumes) at the back of the bookstore. If we have to talk about theories of knowledge, we are allowed to use big words but we should also explain them with brief glosses, and link them to their topics in WP and Wiktionary. Chiswick Chap (talk) 22:05, 1 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I agree with Chiswick Chap, that if we use such terms in the text of the article, a link or an explanation should be included. I've modified those headings and attempted to use terms that are more understandable to the general reader. Sunray (talk) 22:37, 1 December 2011 (UTC)

New Additions Problematic
Why are these sources decades old? These were written so long before so much of scholarship. Why not someone modern (and still living!) like Upinder Singh, Deepak Sarma etc.? 72.92.117.234 (talk) 02:57, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Ye gads... After I did all this work searching through the internet!! OK fine will do my best to see if I can find newer sources.
 * Of course, one important reason for the references being old is that I have the Radhakrishnan books sitting right next to me, so I used the references he had provided liberally... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 03:03, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * May I suggest The Method of Early Advaita Vedanta by Michael Comans?72.92.113.220 (talk) 03:25, 2 December 2011 (UTC)

````thanks for the tip, 72.92.113.220! will check it out sometime! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.214.13.148 (talk) 05:38, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * No I meant, get rid of these inferior sources that you currently use. To imply Buddhism is derived from the Upanishads is simply not correct. Buddhism is from the Sramana movement which is diametrically opposed to the Brahmanical movement. Patrick Olivelle puts the Upanishads in a strictly Brahmanical context saying only "Sections of some of the early Upanishads may reflect renouncer influence or literature."72.92.118.63 (talk) 17:50, 2 December 2011 (UTC)


 * WP policies support using the most up-to-date sources. However, it is usually best to replace older sources rather than remove large chunks of sourced text. The only justification for removing sourced text is that reliable current sources portray a different picture. I've restored the sourced text until someone finds more recent sources. Sunray (talk) 17:51, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't understand how you are not following this discussion. Buddhism is not derived from the Upanishads. Please see this page. Do I have to actually prove that Buddhism came from the Sramana movement?72.92.118.63 (talk) 17:55, 2 December 2011 (UTC)


 * Dear friend 72.92.118.63, this article is supposed to reflect all different viewpoints. I provided references from actual academic philosophers and historians to back up every single statement in my previous edit, and in most instances I directly quoted them instead of writing my own interpretation of their writings, to avoid misinterpretation. Now I understand some of the statements there may make you angry because they conflict with your worldview, but I do not think that justifies you deleting everything I wrote without any explanation. In case there is an actual law on Wikipedia stipulating that references only from such-and-such date are valid, and that references older than that date are not to be used, then I do of course accept your deletions and I apologize again for using old references. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 17:59, 2 December 2011 (UTC)

Buddhism is not from the Upanishads
Buddhism is not from the Upanishads. Buddhism is from the Sramana tradition. This wikipedia page has further links to source texts. To state that Buddhism is from the Upanishads is ridiculous and 100% wrong. If anything scholars have noted influence of the renouncer tradition on the Upanishads. Reincarnation is a famous Sramana idea adopted into Brahmanism. 72.92.118.63 (talk) 18:10, 2 December 2011 (UTC)


 * And you yourself are proving my point, dear 72.92.118.63. Patrick Olivelle's statement that the early Upanishads showed Sramanic influence then makes it even more believable that Upanishads, Buddhist thought and Advaita share many similarities. The Sramana article itself is most informative. I have not written here that Buddhism was similar to the Vedas, all my quotes talked about the Upanishads and Buddhism. This is not a discussion about Vedic Brahminism and Shramanism. This is about Advaita and Buddhism. If you have good quotes about the Sramanic influence on the Upanishads, feel free to add them. They will only fortify my case - that in philosophical terms Buddhism and Vedanta are two sides of the same coin - a position also taken by Vivekananda, Gandhi, Ravi Shankar and many others. Of course, your own earlier statement that Bhagavata and Vaishnava influence on Mahayana should not be mentioned in this article would be opposed to your current desire to discuss Shramanism and Brahminism in this article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 18:14, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't want to discuss Sramanism in this article. But you currently are using obviously junk Hindu Indian sources that imply Buddhism is from the Upanishads which is factually wrong. The influence is the other way around. Sramanism influenced the Upanisahds.72.92.118.63 (talk) 18:22, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Warder (2000) describes the movements of the 2nd and 3rd century BCE in Greater Magadha, (including Buddhism), as being influenced by philosophical thought from the Vedic tradition, such as the Upanishads (see Buddhism). It seems to me that you each have a point, but that the relationships between Buddhism, Shramana and Advaita were complex. More sources would be helpful and then we could work towards consensus on this page. Sunray (talk) 18:32, 2 December 2011 (UTC)


 * Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, a philosopher so highly respected in India that he was chosen to be its second President, is hardly someone I would classify as a "junk Hindu". But as so many articles on Shramanism, Hinduism and Hindu philosophy make clear, modern Indian religion (what we call Hinduism) has been created as much by Shramanas as by the Vedic Aryans. And I think this section of the article on Advaita and Mahayana Buddhism makes it eminently clear that there are a multitude of viewpoints on the relationship between the two. It has quotes from people who think they are the same thing, from people who think the influence went from A to B, from others who think it went from B to A,

and from people who attacked A owing to its closeness to B. Perhaps you are not aware that Shankara was called a "Demon born in human form", and the followes of Advaita condemned as evil tyrants who destroyed temples, killed women and children. Who called them that? Not the Shramanas, whom you think had some kind of hatred for Brahmins. These statements actually came from Dvaita Vedanta followers of Madhvacharya, himself a Brahmin. and this comes from an article by Deepak Sarma. http://irdialogue.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/jird-issue-7-sarma.pdf — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 18:35, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * What does that have to do with anything 165.124.253.188? Also Sunray, notice this is not a Buddhism page. Secondly Sunray, read the comments of ian.thompson above. You don't seem to understand that Advaita is medieval interpretation by Gaudapauda and Shankara. 72.92.118.63 (talk) 18:44, 2 December 2011 (UTC)


 * I must say, my dear 72.92.118.63 - if you want to accuse me of being a fundamentalist, you ought to at the very least state which of the authors I quoted you consider to be fundamentalists. Half of them are actually Western authors, I don't think you can accuse them of being rabid Hindu militants. I did not make many statements of my own, or synthesize anything from pre-existing material. In the interest of NPOV and allowing all voices to be heard, why don't you just add some of your own academic references that match with your worldview? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 19:14, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Is this a joke? What is your understanding of NPOV? Should a Holocaust denier be granted free reign on the Holocaust entries? Should a 9/11 conspiracist create the 9/11 articles?72.92.118.63 (talk) 19:16, 2 December 2011 (UTC)


 * You seem to be skating very close to Godwin's law here, comparing a mere philosophical influence debate like ours to events where people were murdered. But I must point out again that even if I were as biased as you claim, my additions to the article were all based on published data from respected scholarly authorities on the subject. It isn't like I'm making statements based on the beliefs of the Shankaracharya of Kanchi or Narendra Modi or some rabid VHP goon. My most contentious statements perhaps were the ones at the end attributed to Vivekananda and Ravi Shankar, but even that was specified as their belief, not a statement of history, and it was merely added to depict what Advaita exponents in the modern Indian scenario think of their tradition's debt to Lord Buddha. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 19:26, 2 December 2011 (UTC)

I'm going on the record again
Buddhism is not from the Upanishads. Buddhism is from the Shramana movement. The Sharmana movement influenced the Upanishads. 72.92.118.63 (talk) 19:44, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I mostly agree with you. But I think you believe that Buddhism and the Shramanas existed in some sort of vacuum for 1000 years. It was a complex and mixed philosophical matrix in Ancient India with various sects jockeying for influence and adherents. Which is why Indra, the chief Deva of the Rigveda, is also mentioned in Buddhist texts. Which is why Ashoka was called Devanampriya. Which is why, barring a few exceptions, most Indian kings funded multiple religious and philosophical institutions that competed against one another. Which is why in today's Sri Lanka, so many Buddhist shrines have Vishnu carvings as well. Where one tradition stops and the other begins is not so easy to define. Not with clear-cut boundaries anyway, not in India. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 19:53, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Since nearly all the Upanishads were written post Buddha, and with Shramana/Buddhist influence, do you suppose there is a time machine involved? I can add direct quotes regarding the influence of Buddhism on the Bhagavad Gita as well, which would be both factual and recent. Can your Hindu fundamentalism handle it?72.92.118.63 (talk) 20:09, 2 December 2011 (UTC)

165.124.253.188 (talk) 20:25, 2 December 2011 (UTC):::Haha my friend you seriously misunderstand my political and philosophical leanings. It is obvious the Gita was influenced by many Buddhist thoughts, considering that it is believed to have been composed between 500 BC and 250 AD. In fact in BG 2.49, the verse starts with "Buddho Sharanam", saying that seeking refuge in wisdom is better than seeking refuge in action. I would like nothing better than to educate all "Hindus" about their Buddhist inheritance. Not in a hateful manner


 * But do note that some of the most important upanishads, among the 12 most important - brihad, chandogya, jaiminya, and perhaps taittiriya were pre-buddhist. it is of course possible they were influenced by some other shramanic philosophy. In fact a simple solution to this debate would be for you to add a few quotes describing possible Shramanic influence on the Upanishads. That would be fine by me, that just supports my writings regarding the similarities of AV and MB.
 * But then again perhaps that may not be acceptable to most, considering that the section deals with AV and Mahayana, not with Shramanas and the Upanishads.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 20:29, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Agreed. 72.92.118.63 said: "Nearly all Upanishads were written post Buddha." No question about that. But as 165.124.253.188 has said some of the older Upanishads were pre-Buddhist. Let's avoid taking categorical positions and edit warring. What the article needs to do is describe the influences on Advaita Vedanta and also the traditions that it has influenced. Above all, we need sources for everything. Sunray (talk) 20:36, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Again Sunray, you need to read the comments of ian.tompson above, since you still don't get it. Noone has ever aserted that Advaita has influenced Buddhism, not even 165.124.253.188 here. If the Upanishadic influence is so great, why not put it into the main Buddhism page? I would like to see how far you get trying that. I still don't understand why we are humoring dated junk Hindu Indian sources in the first place. 72.92.118.63 (talk) 21:10, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure which of Ian's comments you are referring to. Perhaps you could clarify that. Also, I am certainly not trying to argue that the Shramanas was not the major influence on Buddhism, only that there were other influences. As far as the dated sources go, I gave a more recent one (Warder, 2000). Would you be able to propose some others? Sunray (talk) 21:33, 2 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Again I would point out this is NOT a Buddhism page. The comments of ian.thompson I was referring to are the ones where he distinguishes between Advaita and the Upanishads. Search for the word "Wahhabi", and you will find it. 72.92.7.74 (talk) 22:48, 2 December 2011 (UTC)


 * Well though I think the Advaita-Upanishad distinction is valid in a way, I must also point out that the very same John A Grimes (whose statement confirming the pervasive influence of Mahayana on Advaita is present in the article) wrote in his 1990 book that "Because it is frequently called the "Advaita of Sankara", this leads to a misunderstanding and one is likely to assume that Sankara was the founder or originator of Advaita. Such an impression is false, though, without a doubt, Sankara was the greatest expounder of Advaita. In actuality, Advaita has no founder in the sense that we speak of founders of other schools, eg Gautama as the founder of the Nyaya school or Patanjali as the founder of the Yoga school. Advaita is as old as the Veda".
 * This is of course not the only opinion about Advaita's relationship with the Upanishads out there, but I just wanted to put it here as an alternative viewpoint. ref: http://books.google.com/books?id=QWcgAxQnSAwC&pg=PA7&lpg=PA7&dq=john+grimes+advaita+shankara&source=bl&ots=U2HxpNKhbI&sig=s_XEbTgMNaSILE0HB3Oph3oTG38&hl=en&ei=mVXZTqbnMMTo2gXno-m6Dg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCAQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 22:57, 2 December 2011 (UTC)

Last paragraph of "Interplay" section is junk
The last paragraph is junk. Ok first off, Buddha Bhagavatism has nothing to do with Advaita Vedanta. Thus this should be in a different article comparing Hinduism and Buddhism. This game can be played both ways since every aspect of Hinduism, except the Vedas and a couple of early Upanishads, is post-Buddhism. Secondly, you are trying to imply that Avaita has had influence on Buddhism which is a thesis that has never been put forward by any scholar. All the Buddhists mentioned were born centuries before Gaudapauda and Shankara. Their Brahmin heritage has nothing to do with anything. I have never seen it given any importance in books such as Joseph Walser's biography of Nagarjuna. 72.92.117.234 (talk) 19:57, 1 December 2011 (UTC)


 * In re 72.92.117.234

I agree with your assessment that the last paragraph does not read well, I think it should be altered. However, being from India I assure you that Nagarjuna, Assanga and Vasubandhu's Brahmin heritage has everything to do with the issue. Not for Americans and Europeans who are abstractly interested in the philosophy alone, but for Indians who live with these doctrines in real life. Read my comment in response to ChiswickChap some time ago on this page. Advaita and Buddhism are political issues in India, where Buddhism is viewed as an anti-Brahmin movement that was killed off by the Brahmin reactionary Shankara. The explanation about the founders of Madhyamaka and Yogachara was to counteract this false assumption. PS your "since every aspect of Hinduism except the Vedas and a couple of early Upanishads is post-Buddhism" betrays a serious lack of knowledge about Hinduism, confusing of Hinduism with Vedic Brahminism, confusing of 1000 years of ever-changing Buddhist thought with Buddha's lifetime, and of course, a belief in some sort of mythical conflict between Hinduism and Buddhism. We have the highest regard for the Buddha in India and we are taught about his benevolence from childhood. My Hindu home, like many others, had images of the Buddha alongside Vishnu and Shiva in the same room. And I would recommend reading the wiki article about the religion of the Indus valley civilization. Hinduism is not limited to the Vedas - that is just a modernist assumption arrived at by the British while they ruled India, because the Vedas were the basis of the culture of the educated upper Brahmin caste. But that misreading of history denies the contributions that Dravidian, tribal and folk traditions made to what we call Hinduism. "Hinduism" is largely accepted today as an unwieldy construct made in the 18th and 19th centuries. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 20:19, 1 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I am Indian too. That has nothing to do with anything. This is a scholarly article. If you have some quotes from professors, Indian or Western, please post them! Secondly, reread what I said, because you clearly did not understand anything I wrote. 72.92.117.234 (talk) 20:30, 1 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Very well, I have made some changes and brought back some material you deleted, take a look at it and let me know what you think. I don't think you should have any objections to the way it reads. I shall add some quotes from professors and books if I come across anything interesting. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 20:47, 1 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Sounds fine to me. I will just add some hyperlinks. 72.92.117.234 (talk) 20:52, 1 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Good to know, thanks. And as an Indian, I am curious, what is your opinion on this entire issue of Buddhism vis a vis Hinduism? Or is your comment regarding Hinduism just a few Vedas and Upanishads before Buddhism an accurate description of your stand on the topic? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.124.253.188 (talk) 21:04, 1 December 2011 (UTC)
 * This page is not for such discussions. Read at the top. 72.92.117.234 (talk) 21:15, 1 December 2011 (UTC)

Since someone mentioned my book, I think I ought to weigh in here (this is Joseph Walser). I am not Indian (though the government of India considers me "a person of Indian origin," does that count?), nevertheless, I have to agree with the statement above that (at least for Nagarjuna and probably for the author of the first chapter of the Perfection of Wisdom in 8000 Lines), being a Brahmin had a whole lot to do with the philosophy. I couldn't get into it in my Biography of Nagarjuna because the issues were simply too complex. Suffice it to say that trying to disentangle Buddhism from Brahmanism is much easier in theory than in practice. I am finishing a book on it now. But just as a teaser, how are we to distinguish the Brahmanism of the Maitrayani Upanisad from Buddhism, when the one who realizes Brahman is said to be "anatman" and Brahman itself is said to be "sunya"? Have fun, guys. -j — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.231.10.153 (talk) 19:20, 19 January 2012 (UTC)

Changes made.
As pointed out by others above, Buddhism is not derived from the Upanishads. I also concur this is not an article on Buddhism, so such statements are completely irrelevent. And the OPINIONS of Swami Vivekananda, Ramakrishna Mission, NV Isaeva and Ninian Smart are irrelevent. NV Isaeva says "after purifying accidental or historical accretions", which is like saying lets have a beef free steak. Just because something is sourced doesn't make it RS. CO2Northeast (talk) 05:19, 27 January 2012 (UTC)


 * It looks like you deleted a lot of sourced material. The opinions of notable people are often relevant and worth including. If equally reliable sources disagree with each other we don't deice which is right: instead we include both views, per NPOV. What specific problems are there with these sources?   Will Beback    talk    05:27, 27 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Sure in NPOV, both sides are presented. But oh wait, this is not an article on Buddhism..... If you want to argue the Upanishadic origin of Buddhism do it on the Buddhim page. Ian.thomson addressed the conflation of Upanishads with Advaita Vedanta. Will Beback, can I put the comments of Jerry Falwell into the Christianity page?CO2Northeast (talk) 05:31, 27 January 2012 (UTC)
 * It sounds like you are not arguing that the sources are unreliable, just that they are irrelevant. However these quotations seem directly relevant:
 * "There are no doubt similarities between the views of Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta, and this is not surprising in view of the fact that both these systems had for their background the Upanishads."
 * "Buddhism and Vedanta should not be viewed as two opposed systems, but one which starts with the Upanishads, finds its indirect support in Buddha, its elaboration in Mahayana Buddhism, its open revival in Gaudapada, (and) which reaches its zenith in Sankara."
 * This quotes and the other material you deleted all directly mention Advaita, so I don't see how they're irrelevant, especially in a section title "Advaita Vedanta and Mahayana Buddhism".   Will Beback    talk    05:45, 27 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Of course the sources are trash! Radhakrishnan, Swami Vivekananda etc. were typical Hindu know-it-alls who died decades ago. If you put these Hindu fundamentalist idiots into this article, I will put Jerry Falwell into the Christianity article. CO2Northeast (talk) 05:52, 27 January 2012 (UTC)


 * Let's deal with this article first, then we can discuss other articles like Christianity. Are you saying that Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan is not a noteworthy writer? If so I think you'd need to find support for that statement. He received many honors, including the Templeton Prize. Why do you say he's not an adequate source for this article? Is that just a personal opinion or is is a widely held view?   Will Beback    talk    05:59, 27 January 2012 (UTC)
 * How can he be a reliable source? He is severely dated and was a nationalist politician. I like Bill Clinton, but I don't cite him for religion. Its really quite simple. Why can't we use the best sources from very recent years? CO2Northeast (talk) 06:01, 27 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Let me put it even more simply. My academic books (plural) on Vedanta do not cite Radhakrishnan, Swami Vivekananda etc.CO2Northeast (talk) 06:29, 27 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Gosh, that means that a) you have a CoI and b) you don't rate people on the other side of the debate? Surely each side deserves equal weight in the article. See WP:UNDUE and WP:COI. Chiswick Chap (talk) 06:39, 27 January 2012 (UTC)


 * Winston Churchill was a politician, but also a respected historian. The two are not exclusive.
 * Recent scholarly sources have been deleted too, so the issues does not appear to be just about the age of the sources.
 * @CO2Northeast: Which books are you using and what sources do they cite?   Will Beback    talk    07:41, 27 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Will Beback, those sources that you point to merely showed who the founders were for Madhyamaka and Yogacara. If you want to put those back in, it really doesn't matter either way. CO2Northeast (talk) 20:53, 27 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Hello everyone - comparing Radhakrishnan to Clinton, or even Churchill, is completely missing the point (I wont even start with Falwell). The post of President in India is a ceremonial post somewhat equivalent to the Queen in Britain. Eminent non-political citizens are sometimes chosen to become President - the last President was the scientist who created India's Missile program. Something similar to how Einstein was offered the presidency of Israel in 1952 (which explains why RadhaK won 98% of the vote in the presidential election). Radhakrishnan was an academic and philosopher par excellence, having held faculty posts at multiple Indian universities, being appointed Vice-Chancellor of quite a few of them, and was a Professor of Philosophy at frickin' OXFORD - where they still have a scholarship named after him. He was no nationalist politician, irrespective of what Northeast may think. The same thing goes for Nataliya Isaeva and CD Sharma - both academics at reputed universities. And I doubt that Ninian Smart needs any introduction.
 * Swami Vivekananda feelings about the Buddha is thrown in at the conclusion of the segment, as an opinion from an actual practitioner of Advaita instead of mere academics. Whats wrong with that? This isnt a research journal, statements from influential leaders are an important way to understand the dynamics of groups. In an article that cites Yamunacharya and Michael Comans, I see no reason why Vivekananda should be disallowed. Thank you.ForestTeacher (talk) 18:32, 28 January 2012 (UTC)
 * And I just noticed that it was Northeast who inserted the Michael Comans reference into the article. But I have been reading the book mentioned, and I must say, what Northeast wrote into the article suggests something vastly different from what the reference actually says. ForestTeacher (talk) 18:56, 28 January 2012 (UTC)

From early Vedanta to Kashmir Shaivism: Gaudapada, Bhartrhari, and Abhinavagupta. By N. V. Isaeva. p202
Can you provide a quote? The author seems to be mispelled in the citation as well. SaibAbaVenkatesh (talk) 04:57, 7 February 2012 (UTC)

Thanks for noticing, Saibaba. the Link to the book on Googlebooks is here - http://books.google.com/books/about/From_early_Vedanta_to_Kashmir_Shaivism.html?id=hMCFQ39cHNkC The book itself appears to spell her name Isayeva, so I am not sure how to go about it. Googlebooks says Isaeva. I do not remember where I got that information from, it is likely I got it from another book which quoted the Isaeva book at that page. I cannot give you an exact quote right now. However, here are extracts from the blurb of the Isaeva book, written by HG Coward from the University of Victoria. "Gaudapada and Bhartrhari are presented as founders of an independent trend within Indian orthodox philosophy, a trend that culminates later in the theistic tenets of Kashmir Shaivism ... This idea found its continuation in the metaphysical and aesthetical concepts of Abhinavagupta, where the ultimate ontological reality is manifested through the rhythmical outbursts of God's creative power ...Her analysis demonstrates a major continuity of thought from Gaudapada through Bhartrhari to Abhinavagupta and Kashmir Shaivism"ForestTeacher (talk) 22:41, 7 February 2012 (UTC)
 * I think you should remove it until your provide an exact quote. SaibAbaVenkatesh (talk) 02:13, 8 February 2012 (UTC)
 * Any reason in particular? There is plenty of material in Wikipedia with far less reference material to back them up. Are there opposing views on the matter? I dont mind the opposing views being added to this article. I personally havent read anything that conclusively states that Abhinavagupta was never influenced by Vedanta, though if there is indeed such material out there, you are welcome to add it to the article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by ForestTeacher (talk • contribs) 02:51, 8 February 2012 (UTC)
 * This is the first time I have read they are related. There is no mention of this in Gavin Flood's "Introduction to Hinduism," "Blackwell Companion to Hinduism," "Tantric Body" etc.  You are making a bold claim here since Kashmir Shaivism is really based on tantras, which is an entirely different body of literature. SaibAbaVenkatesh (talk) 04:02, 8 February 2012 (UTC)
 * Fair enough. I will try to see if I can get the actual quote.ForestTeacher (talk) 04:38, 8 February 2012 (UTC)


 * Well I have quotes to back up those statements now: "The link between Gaudapada and Bhartrhari on the one hand, and the Kasmir Saivites on the other, is certainly much more evident and natural than any links that might exist between these early Vedantins and Sankara's Advaita Vedanta." and "The closest parallels to Gaudapada's and Bhartrhari's ideas are to be found mainly within the fold of so-called nondualist Saivism". Same book, both on Page 135. And in page 183, "The development of the early Vedanta ideas within the fold of Kasmir Saivism shows that the very element of language was always regarded as a highly erotic medium..", and on Page 182, "the most close similarities with Gaudapada's notion of vibration (spandita).... are to be found in Abhinavagupta's version of Saivism (the Pratyabhijna school, or the school of recogntion)..".ForestTeacher (talk) 06:03, 8 February 2012 (UTC)
 * Note that I am using free material available on googlebooks for gathering this info. The actual material in the book is likely to be much more, considering that the entire book is about the progression from Vedanta to Kashmir Saivism. The blurb itself says as muchForestTeacher (talk) 06:03, 8 February 2012 (UTC)

Sarvepelli Radhakrishnan
Sucheta Mazumdar and Vasant Kaiwar specifically use Sarvepelli Radhakrishan as an example of unreliable, politicized history See From Orientalism to Postcolonialism. Routledge 2009, page 36. "....Indian nationalist leaders continued to operate within the categorical field generated by politicized religion.....Extravagant claims were made on behalf of Oriental civilization. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan's statement - "[t]he Vedanta is not a religion but religion itself in its "most universal and deepest significance" - is fairly typical."BrahmanAdvaita (talk) 18:32, 13 June 2012 (UTC)
 * This is an opinion (criticism) of the author about Sarvepelli Radhakrishan. "Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, an important intellectual figure of 20th century India" is a neutral statement. There are many references that call him a scholar, philosopher, Intellectual. -- Redtigerxyz Talk 19:07, 13 June 2012 (UTC)
 * It is not phrased like an opinion at all though. It is phrased like a quite well known fact, by two Indians no less. VegeYoga (talk) 19:26, 13 June 2012 (UTC)
 * I believe the most "neutral" thing would be to remove this particular comment of Radhakrishnan from this article, which I tried to do previously and was reverted by Snowcream. Especially since this is history related, and Radhakrishnan is bad at history. BrahmanAdvaita (talk) 19:31, 13 June 2012 (UTC)

It's interesting to note that D.T. Suzuki made similar statements on Zen. It's also interesting that Suzuki was deeply influenced by western esotericism, especially Theosophy. According to McMahan, what the west has imported as "authentic Zen", seems to be the rsult of an interplay between western expansionism, and eastern defense against this by partially taking over these influences. Has teh same process been taking place in India? Joshua Jonathan (talk) 19:51, 13 June 2012 (UTC)

Training
Something's seriously missing here: training. It's being mentioned in the lead, what is Advaita training about? I guess it's more than just seeing that "I don't exist", the favourite mantra of neo-advaita. Who's got a hint? Joshua Jonathan (talk) 18:12, 5 September 2012 (UTC)
 * This page is in a horrible shape, it's full of original research. If you have a reference that suggests something different please don't hesitate to change the sentence. Correct Knowledge  «৳alk»  18:45, 5 September 2012 (UTC)

Neo-Advaita
See Talk:Neo-Advaita. Joshua Jonathan (talk) 08:55, 6 September 2012 (UTC)

Buddhist influences
I've removed the following addition, beacuse it's unsourced, and out of place in the section where it was inserted: "Shankara as well as his master Gaudapada have both been influenced by the teachings of Buddha and Shankara even hailed Buddha as the emperor of Yogis in the Kali age.At the same time Shankara was critical of several aspects of Buddha's teachings and even called him as 'an enemy of the people' It must be well noted that inspite of the similarities between Advaita and Buddhist teachings ,one key difference which sets the two philosophies on opposite ends is the acceptance of Upanishadic teachings .While Advaita Vedanta recognises the presence of an impersonal ,supreme god (Ishwara) and the existence of the soul (Atman), Buddhism denies both."

Joshua Jonathan (talk) 10:29, 25 November 2012 (UTC)
 * 1) "Shankara as well as his master Gaudapada have both been influenced by the teachings of Buddha" - already stated in the beginning of the section.
 * 2) "and Shankara even hailed Buddha as the emperor of Yogis in the Kali age." - Maybe so, and interesting, but unsourced.
 * 3) "At the same time Shankara was critical of several aspects of Buddha's teachings and even called him as 'an enemy of the people'" - also of interest, but also unsourced. Maybe we should add a subsection "Advaita Vedanta criticism of Buddhism"?
 * 4) "It must be well noted that inspite of the similarities between Advaita and Buddhist teachings ,one key difference which sets the two philosophies on opposite ends is the acceptance of Upanishadic teachings .While Advaita Vedanta recognises the presence of an impersonal ,supreme god (Ishwara) and the existence of the soul (Atman), Buddhism denies both." - Relevant in general, but irrelevant at this place. It could be part of a "Advaita Vedanta criticism of Buddhism"-section.

"Advaita Vedanta is based on Shankara's interpretation"
I've trimmed the following sentence from the lead: "Advaita Vedanta (IAST '; Sanskrit: अद्वैत वेदान्त ) is a school of Hindu philosophy based on Adi Sankaras interpretation of the doctrine of liberation contained within the Mukhya'' Upanishads."

to "Advaita Vedanta (IAST ; Sanskrit: अद्वैत वेदान्त ) is a school of Hindu philosophy."

This may seem odd, since Shankara is such a central person to Advaita Vedanta. But... the more I read about it, the more it dawns on me that Advaita Vedanta is not restricted to a Math or Sampradaya in the strict sense, but is a way of thinking which is an integral part of Indian culture. To ascribe it solely to Shankara - again, I fully acknowledge his status - is to force a limited understanding of the history of Advaita Vedanta. That's what I think, at least now. But I'm looking forward to other opnions. Best regards,  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   05:58, 25 January 2013 (UTC)


 * I've reinserted the removed half-sentence, in a paraphrased way, into the Shankara-section. Nakamura devoted a whole chapter to the Mandukya Upanishad and Gaudapada's Māṇḍukya Kārikā, so apparently those are important texts.  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   10:10, 25 January 2013 (UTC)


 * I've added more info on the Māṇḍukya Kārikā, and the disputed authorship of Shankara's commentary on the Māṇḍukya Upanishad.  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   20:57, 25 January 2013 (UTC)

Authenticity of the Vivekachudamani
I was surprised to find out that the authenticity of the Vivekachudamani is being doubted, or even rejected. Do other editors have more information on this topic? Joshua Jonathan (talk) 05:11, 7 December 2012 (UTC)
 * A detailed discussion on arguments in favour and against the authenticity of Vivekachudamani can be found in The author concludes (on p. 119): Vivekachudamani, whether actually authored by Shankara or not, is traditionally held to voice his views authentically. Therefore, this edit of yours looks alright to me.  Correct Knowledge  «৳alk»  12:08, 7 December 2012 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I didn't notice your comment on this issue before. Thanks!  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   20:58, 25 January 2013 (UTC)

Neo-Advaita
I've inserted a section on Neo-Advaita, to finally mention again this western movement which draws inspiration and authority from Indian spirituality. I know very well that even the suggestion of any connection between this movement and Advaita Vedanta is outright offensive to many Advaita adherents, yet I think it's justified to mention it. This movement does find inspiration in classical Advaita, no matter how distorted it may look to traditional Advaita. It is a token of the broad influence Advaita has acquired, not only in India, but worldwide. Whether it is Advaita or not, I won't judge here (though I've got my opinions); let the sources speak. But please, do understand it's not meant to provoke, hurt or offend. This offspring exists; Wikipedia should offer knowledge on it, also if we personally don't like it. With best regards, and respect to the religious feelings of all Advaita adherents,  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   05:21, 26 January 2013 (UTC)

Brahman as "the Whole"
JJ#1 - Step by step, the more I read about Advaita Vedanta (thanks to Wikipedia!), the more nuances I discerne. "The Whole (Brahman)" is such a nuance. Calling Brahman "the Whole" is a modern interpretation (or Tantra), emphasizing interconnectedness. Advaita states that the world of appearances is Maya, illusionary appearance, and only Brahman is Real, unchangeable, the first Principle. That's a subtle but very important difference. Joshua Jonathan  -  Let's talk!   08:06, 30 January 2013 (UTC)

JJ#2 - The Feuerstein-quote is another subtle nuance. I've added a note. This is the verbatim text as it is now:
 * Georg Feuerstein is quoted by nonduality-adepts as summarizing the Advaita Vedanta-realization as follows:
 * "''The manifold universe is, in truth, a Single Reality. There is only one Great Being, which the sages call Brahman, in which all the countless forms of existence reside. That Great Being is utter Consciousness, and It is the very Essence, or Self (Atman) of all beings.""


 * Note
 * References
 * References

Greetings,  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   08:35, 30 January 2013 (UTC)

JJ#3 - I've moved Feuerstein to a new subsection. It simply is not a correct representation of Advaita, but a modern re-interpretation. Joshua Jonathan  -  Let's talk!   11:16, 30 January 2013 (UTC)

Splitting?
How about splitting the Philosophy-section into a separate article? The article is very long now. Joshua Jonathan  -  Let's talk!   20:56, 25 January 2013 (UTC)
 * The article has 6367 words which means the prose is of a readable size. The article seems a bit long because of the many short paragraphs and lists. Too many lists and short paras are usually discouraged in GA Reviews (I am sure there are some guidelines which substantiate this). If the section still seems long after merging them we can think of splitting out the section into a new article. Correct Knowledge  «৳alk»  16:23, 1 February 2013 (UTC)

Gaudapada
Of course the Buddhist influences on Gaudapada can also be mentioned under "Buddhist influences". Yet, Gaudapada is essential to the history of Advaita Vedanta, and his use of Buddhist terms is essential to the understanding of Gaudapada, therefor this should be mentioned in the history section. But I've moved the info on "anutpada" to a note, since this article is about Advaita Vedanta, yet background information helps to understand the theme. Greetings,  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   06:09, 19 February 2013 (UTC)


 * Fair enough. Then I believe I should add some material from a reference indicating the differences between Gaudapada's and Nagarjuna's interpretations of ajativada. reference is available on google books. 108.214.13.148 (talk) 07:14, 19 February 2013 (UTC)


 * Yeah, sure. There's a lot available on both (here's one, and it's an interesting topic. The difference is being mentioned in the Ajativada-article, but only one sentence. Have a look at Anutpada too.  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   07:32, 19 February 2013 (UTC)


 * Thank you, I was reading the same ebook anyway. I have added a few lines to differentiate the conceptions of Ajativada as per King's book. I would still request you to take down that "A - Jati - Vada" explanation, it sticks out like a sore thumb and is not matched by similar breakdowns of big Sanskrit words anywhere else in this article. There is a line below it spelling out precisely what Ajativada means, so I do not see the point of providing the Sandhi (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandhi)108.214.13.148 (talk) 07:59, 19 February 2013 (UTC)


 * PS I have deleted a quote that claimed to come from the same King, 1995 book. If you see the back cover, it is part of a comment by another author, FG Sutton, and the quote on the book is entirely different from what has been written in this article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.214.13.148 (talk) 08:10, 19 February 2013 (UTC)


 * I've moved the etymology to a note. Compliments for the removal of the quote!  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   08:23, 19 February 2013 (UTC)


 * Thank you very much. I have added a couple of sentences on Vijnana in Buddhism vs Vijnana in Gaudapada. Ontologically, they held idealism in common, but epistemologically they are different. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.214.13.148 (talk) 08:42, 19 February 2013 (UTC)


 * I am going to change the subheadings in the Influence of Mahayana Buddhism section, since it seems somewhat haphazard. Not removing any material. The heading is influence of Mahayana Buddhism, then the first heading under it is "Buddhist influence". And Madhyamaka and Yogachara are mentioned somewhere much later. They should come together. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.214.13.148 (talk) 08:53, 19 February 2013 (UTC)

A Blog Is Not a Proper Source
A blog is not a proper source. I cannot believe all of this stuff was sourced from a random guy's blog! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Blog Isn't A Proper Source (talk • contribs) 04:52, 17 September 2013 (UTC)


 * See diff.  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   12:18, 20 December 2013 (UTC)

Modern day teachers
Does anyone think there should be a section on some of the prominent modern day teachers of Advaita Vedanta, such as Vivekananda, Ramana Maharshi and Nisargdatta Maharaj, etc., in order to show its current day relevance as a philosophy/religious practice? Bodhadeepika (talk) 13:06, 11 May 2014 (UTC)
 * First make very clear what is "modern advaita". See also Neo-Vedanta. Best regards,  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   16:43, 11 May 2014 (UTC)

Hi Joshua, I don't mean "modern advaita" so much as recent proponents of advaita vedanta. Nothing at all connected to Neo-vedanta or neo-advaita. It just struck me when reading the advaita vedanta article that there was very little about recent philosophers associated with it. I personally discovered advaita vedanta through discovering Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi and Nisargadatta Maharaj, rather than the other way round. It will be different for different people, but for me, such teachers are inextricably linked with the philosophy and are what make it relevant in the present day. So... just putting it out there as a thought. Cheers! Bodhadeepika (talk) 17:43, 11 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Are they Advaita Vedanta? Ramana Maharshi, for example, may have been more Shaiva Siddhanta than Advaita Vedanta.  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   19:27, 11 May 2014 (UTC)

Yeah, it's debatable. Bodhadeepika (talk) 19:37, 11 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I'll give a more extensive responee later; I'm working on a mini-tablet now, which is very limited in its usability for Wikipedia-editing.  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   19:51, 11 May 2014 (UTC)

Sure! No rush. I just put the thought out there in case any other wiki-editors thought it was worth acting upon. However, it might be better just to leave it as it is, and not clog up the advaita vedanta article with lots of personalities who already have their own articles anyway. I don't know? Good luck with the mini-tablet! Bodhadeepika (talk) 19:58, 11 May 2014 (UTC)


 * It could be part of "Influence". Those teacher are popular, after all, in the west. What I mean is: why those teachers; why are they seen as Advaita Vedanta? They don't belong to the Advaita Mathas. Ramana Maharshi was a "prodigy", learning about Indian traditions from library-books, library which, I bet, were founded by the British; Nisargadattah belonged to the Inchegeri Sampradaya, a Nath lineage; and Vivekananda threw all Indian traditions on one big heap, equating samadhi, anubhava and kundalini. So, what happened that all those traditions came to be regarded as "Advaita Vedanta"? Nevertheless, they could be part of the "Influence"-section.

Yeah, I agree. I'll leave it as it is. The teachings of all three teachers cited very much cross over with advaita vedanta, as can be seen in the third paragraph of the lead in of the article description of what advaita vedanta is, along with them all existing as part of the series on advaita-vedanta template. Nevertheless, like I said in the previous post, I don't think there is the need to clog up this article about a philosophy with sections about certain personalities. Vivekanada is also referred to in the influence section plenty too. Thanks for your thoughts! Best, Bodhadeepika (talk) 09:30, 12 May 2014 (UTC)

Shankara Bhagavadpada
I see Shankara Bhagavadpada on the lead, should we refer him as Adi Shankara? More common as name. Bladesmulti (talk) 07:29, 6 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Ach... it also belongs to colourful India, doesn't it? I'd just leave it this way.  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   08:39, 6 February 2015 (UTC)
 * I thought of some agreement before I would change it. Most of the people probably don't know what is Shankara Bhagavadpada. Bladesmulti (talk) 06:34, 7 February 2015 (UTC)
 * The alternative names are given at his pwn article, so I guess you can change it. Best regards,  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   07:58, 7 February 2015 (UTC)

Shouldn't Maya (illusion) be mentioned in the lead?
Shouldn't Maya (illusion) be mentioned in the lead?VictoriaGraysonTalk 20:33, 18 April 2015 (UTC)
 * Glad to see you around again! Any concrete proposal?  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   06:19, 19 April 2015 (UTC)
 * Nothing concrete.VictoriaGraysonTalk 12:32, 20 April 2015 (UTC)
 * Is Maya concrete? ;)  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   16:04, 20 April 2015 (UTC)

Anubhava
Honestly, I don't think that Dayananda's explanations, and the scholarly publications of Michael Comans and Anantanand Rambachan, can be degraded to a 'peculiar interpretation', and the statement of one scholar extrapolated to 'other scholars generally':
 * "However Dayananda's interpretation is peculiar to him and is not shared by other scholars in the Advaita tradition or generally in Indian and Hindu thought, where "Anubhava" is rendered as "direct or immediate experience""

Joshua Jonathan  -  Let's talk!   08:15, 6 May 2015 (UTC)

Differences from Buddhism
Why remove that section? How is it OR? Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 14:46, 13 December 2015 (UTC)
 * I didn't remove the section. I just replaced the material with better.VictoriaGraysonTalk 14:49, 13 December 2015 (UTC)


 * Why not combine both, your text and what I added? Why remove well sourced text with dozens of scholarly WP:RS sources? The discussion of Anatta and Atman is WP:DUE and a central difference, state the sources I had added (with embedded quotes). Do you have a source that refutes this? Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 14:52, 13 December 2015 (UTC)
 * What I quoted is the central difference. Michael Comans says the same thing.VictoriaGraysonTalk 14:54, 13 December 2015 (UTC)


 * @Vic: Thanks. I kept your text. Please add Comans reference too, to it. I added back the other sourced text, as it is from WP:RS, for NPOV. Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 14:58, 13 December 2015 (UTC)

Scholars have debunked Hacker's ideas of Advaita Vedanta
Scholars have debunked Hacker's ideas of Advaita Vedanta. See HERE. The authors of this PDF wrote a different book published by Oxford University Press. So they are top scholars.<span style="text-shadow: 4px 4px 15px #FF9900, -4px -4px 15px #FF0099;"><b style="color:#0000FF;">VictoriaGrayson</b><b style="font-family:Helvetica Neue;color:#707">Talk</b> 22:14, 14 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Hmm... They criticise Hacker's approach. What exactly from that paper is relevant to this Wiki-article?  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   05:48, 15 December 2015 (UTC)

Jeffrey Brodd and RS
@Vic: The only St Mary's Press published book in this article is by Jeffrey Brodd. He is a Professor and Chair of Department of Humanities and Religious Studies, at California State University at Sacramento. He is a reliable source, and it does not matter if his book was published by a Catholic / Hindu / Buddhist / Hindu / Atheist / etc publisher. See WP:RS. However, out of respect for your concern, I will add a second source in next day or two, wherever he is cited in this article. Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 17:14, 19 December 2015 (UTC)

Order of sections
I've changed the order of the first sections back to Moksha - texts - philosophy. The moksha-section provides an introductory overview, and tells what Advaita is about: moksha. The texts-section elaborates on this moksha-section, by telling which texts are relevant. And then follows the philosophy-section, which elaborates on the concepts. When the article starts witht he philosophy-ection, one looses track. I lost track, when I started reading. And I'm not a beginner here, am I?  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   06:25, 19 December 2015 (UTC)


 * @JJ: Advaita or Dvaita or Buddhism or any Indian philosophy is more than Moksha, of course. Every book that introduces Advaita Vedanta starts with its philosophy and main concepts (including moksha), and then gets into moksha / jivanmukta. Reading moksha first, I lost track. Perhaps, we can re-arrange this to address both of our concerns? Let me try today. Please feel free to fine tune it further. Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 13:48, 19 December 2015 (UTC)


 * It's more, but moksha is the essence. In the end, it's not about philosophy an sich, it's about a change of view. And don't forget that there's also a criticism in scholarship of theory/text oriented studies: the daily practice may actually be more relevant. Compare it to Christmas: one may provide an extensive theological argument for the chrostmas tree etc, when you ask the average person why they've got a christmas tree, they'll probably say "just because."
 * Look at the Brahman-section: it's uncomprehensible if you haven't already got an idea of whta "Brahman" refers too. Read this:
 * "Brahman, in Advaita Vedanta, is the highest Universal Principle, the Ultimate Reality in the universe.[7][81] It is a key metaphysical and ontological concept in Advaita, and considered the material and efficient cause of all that exists.[81][82][83] It is the genderless, infinite, pervasive, eternal truth and bliss which does not change, yet is the cause of all changes.[7][84] Brahman as a metaphysical concept is the single binding unity behind the diversity in all that exists in the universe.[7]"
 * I won't bother to read it aloud to my wife (she's an academic too); she won't have a clue what this is about.  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   14:25, 19 December 2015 (UTC)
 * That quoted passage is a perfect example of Ms Sarah Welch using the poorest sources available to push her modernist POV. For example, Saint Mary's Press is a Catholic publisher whose books are for Catholics.<span style="text-shadow: 4px 4px 15px #FF9900, -4px -4px 15px #FF0099;"><b style="color:#0000FF;">VictoriaGrayson</b><b style="font-family:Helvetica Neue;color:#707">Talk</b> 14:45, 19 December 2015 (UTC)

@JJ: are you okay if I fix some of your spellings? there is nothing called noksha, I think you mean moksha. On rest, I sense your concern. I agree that you have a point. On overall layout, see Buddhism article. How about we cover the concepts just like there? Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 14:49, 19 December 2015 (UTC) @Vic: Your objections to a source is welcome. As @JJ and I noted elsewhere, the religion of the author and publisher is a sideshow, what matters more is whether the source meets the WP:RS guidelines. In this case, I will replace that one. Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 14:49, 19 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Your sources don't meet guidelines. This is what you don't seem to understand.<span style="text-shadow: 4px 4px 15px #FF9900, -4px -4px 15px #FF0099;"><b style="color:#0000FF;">VictoriaGrayson</b><b style="font-family:Helvetica Neue;color:#707">Talk</b> 14:52, 19 December 2015 (UTC)

The "Avidhya"-section also should come later; it distracts from moksha, when it is placed at the beginning. Same for the "Guru"-section. Regarding typos: sure, of course. And regarding the Buddhism-article: that's a hopeless collage, of course, of Theravda, Mahayana and Vajrayana. It serves as a usefull introduction, but almost all sections could be criticized. I'm still waiting for the Zen-book that's structured around the four truths and the eightfold path... But alas, so be it. It's not big deal, there. Best regards,  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   15:00, 19 December 2015 (UTC)
 * NB: "Brahma" is a problematic concept, of course, when treated as a discursive concept. For what I know about it, one first has to study Sanskrit and ritual, then learn the texts by heart, and then aim at "getting" them. How are we going to "summarize" this course in a single Wiki-article? No way one will "get" "it" here!  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   15:04, 19 December 2015 (UTC)
 * NB2: King mentions this this text/theory versus practice dichotomy, but also White and Axel Michaels.  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   15:10, 19 December 2015 (UTC)


 * @JJ: I guess you mean Brahman (not Brahma). On "one first has to study Sanskrit and ritual...", that is just not true. But if you find a peer reviewed reliable source, we should try to include it in this article. Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 15:16, 19 December 2015 (UTC)


 * @Vic: I understand you. I welcome your critical eye. I disagree that author's religion, or publisher's, is what WP:RS is about. Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 15:16, 19 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Since other scholars have debunked Hacker, he is not reliable. It has nothing to do with his religion. <span style="text-shadow: 4px 4px 15px #FF9900, -4px -4px 15px #FF0099;"><b style="color:#0000FF;">VictoriaGrayson</b><b style="font-family:Helvetica Neue;color:#707">Talk</b> 15:20, 19 December 2015 (UTC)


 * @MSW: not necessay to include, at least not at this moment. It's my personal impression & expression, here at the talkpage. Though there must be some sources for it, but which?...  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   15:48, 19 December 2015 (UTC)

@JJ: Your impression is not consistent with what their historical manuscripts say, what Advaita's history has been or the current practices in their mathas. Nor does it seem consistent with the peer reviewed scholarly literature on them that I am aware of. Post me a note on my talk page, if you come across something. Back to this article, from first time reader's perspective and even a reader who is moderately aware of Indic terminology, I feel if the moksha section is to be the first section, it needs some work and wordsmith-ing. I don't have ideas on how, and will need to meditate on it to suggest something. Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 16:14, 19 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Okay. Succes!  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   18:45, 19 December 2015 (UTC)

Gaudapada in lead
@JJ: Does Gaudapada belong in the lead? Why? And if Gaudapada is to be included, why Ajativada, why not summarize his historical role in Advaita as mentioned in the main article? Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 16:37, 19 December 2015 (UTC)
 * I don't know! depends on the sentence(s). See my comments above on the lead. Best regards,  Joshua Jonathan   -  Let's talk!   18:46, 19 December 2015 (UTC)

Unilateral article rewrite.
Ms Sarah Welch, please discuss your changes one by one on the talk page.<span style="text-shadow: 4px 4px 15px #FF9900, -4px -4px 15px #FF0099;"><b style="color:#0000FF;">VictoriaGrayson</b><b style="font-family:Helvetica Neue;color:#707">Talk</b> 15:10, 20 December 2015 (UTC)