Talk:Agriculture in Pennsylvania

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ag·ri·cul·ture /ˈaɡrəˌkəlCHər/ noun 1. the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products.Agriculture is a major industry in the U.S. commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the most recent United States Census of Agriculture conducted in 2012, there were 59,309 farms in Pennsylvania, covering an area of 7,704,444 acres (3,117,878 hectares) with an average size of 130 acres (53 hectares) per farm.Agriculture is a major industry in the U.S. commonwealth of Pennsylvania.[1] As of the most recent United States Census of Agriculture conducted in 2012, there were 59,309 farms in Pennsylvania, covering an area of 7,704,444 acres (3,117,878 hectares) with an average size of 130 acres (53 hectares) per farm.[2] Pennsylvania ranks first in the United States in Agaricus mushroom production (63.8% of U.S. sales volume during 2015–16),[3] fourth in apple production,[4] fourth in Christmas tree production,[5] fifth in dairy sales,[6] fifth in grape production, and seventh in winemaking.[7] Historically, different geographic locations in Pennsylvania were centers for different forms of agricultural production, with fruit production occurring in the Adams County region, fruit and vegetables in the Lake Erie region, and potatoes in the Lehigh County region.[8] Modern agricultural production in Pennsylvania includes corn, wheat, oats, barley, sorghum, soybeans, tobacco, sunflowers, potatoes, and sweet potatoes.[2]Industrialization during the late 19th century and early 20th century had a lasting effect on agriculture in Pennsylvania. Food production and packaging by companies including the H. J. Heinz Company based in Pittsburgh improved. Technological developments—including tractor-drawn implements, truck refrigeration, and the increasing availability of electricity—contributed to the evolution of techniques employed by Pennsylvania farmers. During the Great Depression, many Pennsylvania farmers were afflicted with financial hardship akin to much of the United States. Various aspects of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's agricultural programs passed as part of the New Deal (with the exception of the Agriculture Adjustment Act of 1933) were met primarily with support from farmers in Pennsylvania. Urbanization following World War II precipitated a decreased prominence of agriculture in Pennsylvania as many moved from farms and into cities in search of employment. In response, many farms employed migrant workers to compensate. The construction of the Interstate Highway System and development of once-rural areas during the mid-20th century contributed to a decreasing availability of land suitable for farming. Despite this, however, Pennsylvania's rural population remains one of the largest in the United States.[1]