Talk:Anterior cingulate cortex

Potentially confusing wording
> The anterior cingulate cortex can be divided anatomically based on cognitive (dorsal), and emotional (ventral) components.

I find this misleading, since it might sound like "dorsal" means "cognitive". I'd prefer to write the sentence in a way that makes clear that dorsal (toward the back of an organism) and ventral (toward the front) refer to the position rather than the function.

untitled
I agree. I added information from some of the more recent articles exploring the functions of the ACC. There is a lot information known about this brain area and receives a considerable amount of interest by neuroscientists.

This article severely misrepresents the function of the ACC. It highlights a small number of recent fringe studies, while ignoring the vast consensus of accepted work. - User:Dmd 12:31, 16 April 2006


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I'll see what I can do, once the semester ends next week. (I'm a 2nd year grad student in cognitive neuroscience.) --Dmd 15:27, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

Thanks to all your brains
I'm a mom of an Autistic 6 year old with severe cognitive delays. I've started neurofeedback.(not LENS) His QEEG reads elevated Beta in the cingulate gyrus above 16hz, thanks to your article I can understand what this means. I really appreciate your willingness to give knowledge to those of us who haven't the time to research every aspect. God Bless <>< Mom

linking in this article needs obviousification
the linking is opaque! e.g. ba32 (dorsal anterior cingulate area 32) is linked under the word 'areas' in 'dorsal areas of the cigulate cortex'.

the picture of this article doesn't show the ACC anywhere? Put a new picture or modify this one so that it shows where the ACC IS. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 131.172.4.44 (talk) 02:27, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

Deficient lead secn
This is clearly mostly abt the human brain, based on the chosen illustration. It needs to say --Jerzy•t 20:24, 28 May 2009 (UTC)
 * 1) that it is, and
 * 2) whether ACC's exist in other species.

Can someone verify this quotation?
The last paragraph of "Evidence against error detection and conflict monitoring theory" currently reads as follows: "It has been stated that 'The cognitive consequences of anterior cingulate lesions remain rather equivocal, with a number of case reports of intact general neuropsychological and executive function in the presence of large anterior dorsal cingulate lesions. For an alternative view of anterior cingulate, see Rushworth's review (2007)."

Reflist for convenience:

The quotation marks aren't closed. I'm guessing the quotation ends at the period, just before the footnote, but that isn't guaranteed, and I can't access the source. JamesMLane t c 17:28, 17 March 2012 (UTC)

gyrus or cortex?
The article has a few uses of anterior cingulate gyrus without ever saying whether it's the same thing or a part of the anterior cingulate cortex. Please clarify Dave Yost (talk) 23:15, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

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lateral PFC?
This sentence: "No-one has clearly demonstrated that the ERN comes from the ACC[citation needed], but patients with lateral PFC damage do show reduced ERNs.[20]" doesn't make sense to me. How does reduced ERNs accompanying lateral PFC lesions support the ERN-ACC association. Is it supposed to say medial PFC, instead of lateral?

Are ACC's Brodmann areas correct?
"The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) ... consists of Brodmann areas 24, 32, and 33." The latest 2020 review in Current Biology has the ACC divided into Brodmann areas 25, 32 and 24. The ACC ... is divided cytoarchitectonically into Brodmann areas 25, 32 and 24 [16–20]. Area 25 is a relatively small region located caudally, ventral to the callosum. In the human brain, areas 24 and 32 extend throughout this territory, with area 32 dorsal to area 24 caudally and extending rostral and ventral to it as it tucks beneath the genu. In the macaque brain, area 32 is more limited and primarily occupies the most rostral position. Overall, the ACC can be divided functionally along its dorsal– ventral and rostral–caudal axes. There are three major divisions of the ACC in non-human primates [21]: the sACC (area 25); the pregenual ACC (pACC, some area 32 and rostral part of area 24); and the midcingulate (caudal part of area 24). The pACC together with the rostral part of the midcingulate are also often referred to as the dACC. In human neuroimaging studies, the pACC is often referred to as the rostral ACC (rACC). To avoid confusion, we use rACC to refer to pACC, and dACC to refer to the ACC caudal to the genu of the corpus callosum [22,23]. Area 25 (sACC) receives inputs from medial orbitofrontal cortex, area 14, the hippocampus, and the amygdala [22,23]. Its functions remain fairly mysterious because only a small number of studies have focused on this region. Some evidence is emerging that it is involved in visceral and emotional functions, such as in the control of mood or internal state [24–30]. The rACC is connected with both the sACC and dACC. Its connections include a combination of inputs from OFC areas 11 and 13, and from dorsolateral areas 9, 46, and 9/46, and ventrolateral area 47, thus placing the rACC in a pivotal position to mediate many cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functions. Unlike the dACC, it has minimal connections to posterior cingulate areas [21,22,31]. Caudally, the dACC is relatively more strongly connected with motor control areas, including frontal eye fields (FEF) and premotor areas [22,23,32]. Based on this anatomical profile, it has been proposed that the dACC has a relatively important role in the development of motor planning and action execution [32,33]. There are no clearly defined borders between the sACC, rACC and dACC based on their anatomical connections [21,31]. Rather, these areas exhibit a gradient in connectivity from the most rostral and ventral areas (32 and rostral 24) to the caudal and dorsal areas (central and caudal 24). Interestingly, however, amygdala projections continue to terminate in patches throughout the ACC, including the dACC [34]. LittleHow (talk) 04:44, 12 April 2021 (UTC)