Talk:Area postrema

Untitled
This sentence is in your Anatomy section: “The vagal triangle overlies the dorsal vagal nucleus and it situated on the caudal end…” and I think that instead of “it” you meant “is.”  Otherwise, this section is very informational and cohesive.

You end your article by saying that “research on this circumventricular organ has continued to thrive,” but you do not talk about any ongoing studies. Are there any? What is the aim of continuing to study this? It would be good to have at least one article to back that statement to talk about research today and possible directions it may take. Development of the area postrema: An immunohistochemical study in the macaque, Brain Research, Volume 1280, 14 July 2009, Pages 23-32. This is a paper that talks about a monkey model used to study the area postrema. Maybe talking about their research would be a valuable addition that could back your statement that this research is continuing to thrive. Also in this article, there is a large amount of mechanistic information. Most of it is thick and may bog down your article if you take too much from it, but maybe an example would be useful? Aaron.fishman (talk)  —Preceding undated comment added 23:26, 22 November 2009 (UTC).

I found an article that could definitely help elaborate and expand on the point you make in the 2nd paragraph of the Pathology section. You state, "Stimulation of the dopamine receptors in the area postrema activates the vomiting centers of the brain; this is why nausea is one of the most common side effects of antiparkinsonian drugs." The article by Yoshikawa and Yoshida, titled Effect of 6-Hydroxydopamine Treatment in the Area Postrema on Morphine-Induced Emesis in Ferrets, describes how the treatment of ferrets with 6-hydroxydopamine into the area postrema reduced the nausea associated with dopamine-induced vomiting by lowering levels of dopamine and homovanilic acid. Thus, this article could be used as a point to explain how certain drugs are able to reduce nausea and vomiting, while also further defining the effect of dopamine on nausea and vomiting. The article is found at this url: http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjp/89/4/89_422/_article/-char/en. Hope this helps. Giantsjs2000 (talk) 00:16, 24 November 2009 (UTC)


 * In the history and current research section, it is acknowledged that Borison and Wang proposed the role of the area postrema in emesis, which is said to have been later confirmed by many laboratories, but it goes on to say that the model that they created was found to be incorrect. Is there any clarification that might justify these seemingly incompatible points?  Perhaps drawing from Leslie, R. A. and Miller’s paper on the subject of the area postrema’s integration with the nucleus of the solitary tract might help elaborate on the current research examining the pathway of emetic responses.

The formatting of this section could be improved to make it more like the others. Also, I believe Lithium Chloride falls under the category of spurious captilization. Hassan.zayn (talk) 09:39, 25 November 2009 (UTC)


 * Strong article! The graphics are an excellent resource in understanding the topic. For expansion, you may consider providing more details on the current research, especially in regard to your last sentence about animal research and discrepencies. Also, what does the future research for Area postrema look like? marissa.hone (talk) 12:46, 29 November 2009 (UTC)


 * Overall, I think formatting this article would bring about a great deal of improvement. The indentations and paragraph spacing seem to be inconsistent and somewhat distracting. Finally, the final paragraph of the article is quite long and the title has two subjects. Perhaps breaking up this section into two subsections, one for current research/future research and another for previous research would allow readers to not feel overwhelmed by a large wall of text. Also, going through and adding hyperlinks to other articles in the last two sections could help bring the article together. Perhaps a picture of the area postrema's location within the brain to give people a better idea of where it is. Aceintheh0l3 (talk) 23:13, 29 November 2009 (UTC)


 * I agree that the article could benefit from some formatting and links especially in the last two sections, but I think that overall the article is very informative and I really like the pictures that you guys incorporated. When I was doing some research I found some information that might be useful to you guys- in the last paragraph of the Pathology section you state that “There are also studies still currently underway to determine the effect of ablation of the area postrema on hypertension and cardiovascular function. For example, studies in rats and rabbits indicate that angiotension II- dependent hypertension is abolished by lesioning of the area postrema.” I think that it would be a good piece of information to also add that lesioning the area postrema impairs osmoregulatory responses in rats, as studied by Curtis KS, Huang W, Sved AF et al. (article title: Impaired osmoregulatory responses in rats with area postrema lesions.) I think that if you discussed this it would add a little substance to that last paragraph and also show another effect that lesioning the area postrema would have on potentially the same rats. Overall though, nice work. lavallco (talk) 20:23, 29 November 2009 (UTC)

Bellamen ( talk ) 02:19, 30 November 2009 (UTC)
 * This is a great article with thorough anatomy and pathology sections. It looks like a good deal of research was done on the history of this brain region and its function in vomiting, but more emphasis can be placed on the area's other functions. I know you mentioned peptide signalling, so I figure this good, but rather short article I found in ScienceDirect may be of use to your article. Its called: Prolactin receptor localization to the area postrema" http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6SYR-3X05CPV-25-3&_cdi=4841&_user=521319&_orig=search&_coverDate=07%2F31%2F1999&_sk=991639998&view=c&wchp=dGLbVzW-zSkzV&md5=c7bbf0f5120b202e640730823438793a&ie=/sdarticle.pdf and it concludes that prolactin receptors were found within the AP, making it a target for prolactin, a peptide hormone associated with lactation.
 * Also, in addition to the one provided above, I found another source regarding the AP's role in controlling arterial blood pressure. Check out "The area postrema and the hypertensive effect of angiotensin" http://www.springerlink.com/content/k831219712435423/
 * Some small things to fix: in the history section, "Colombia University" should be "Columbia University". Also, perhaps the mention of the Borison-Wang model could be removed or developments of other models could be discussed, if you deem them important. Furthermore, the mentioned "Other scientists noted as pioneers in the field" is a good addition to the section, but it would be helpful for clarity if you discussed what their findings were. Otherwise, good job!

I think that the pathology section of this article could also be expanded upon to include more about the conditioned taste aversion. When researching this I found many articles about this. I think that this section is very interesting and is a more, every day relevant concept regarding the area postrema. The best article I found was Toxin-induced conditioned changes in taste reactivity and the role of the chemosensitive area postrema by OssenKopp and Eckel. Also, I found that lesions to the area postrema could either enhance the avoidance of the toxin or eliminate the avoidance of the toxin. I found this very interesting and wonder if there is any connection to a specific type of toxin that either gets enhanced or eliminated and why some work one way and some work in the other when there are area postrema lesions. Overall really good informative article. (Neurodana (talk) 03:57, 30 November 2009 (UTC))

Pontential Revision
The information about concerning the disease is very detailed and very informative. The layout of the information can be more wikipedia friendly. There could be a specific section, which specifically discusses the malformations/lesions of the area postrema. I noticed in the article that lesions of the area postrema are sometimes referred to as “ ‘central vagotomy’ because they eliminate the brain’s ability to monitor the physiological status through its vagus nerve.” I would suggest making this a specific subsection so that wikipedia readers can easily find it when they come on your page. Explain how people develop this malformations or lesions to the area postrema. Is it through cranial damage or is it hereditary.

There also could be another section discussing similarities between area postrema and other disorders which were mentioned in the article. I know that there similarities/correlation between that of Parkinson disease and area postrema in terms of affecting movement. I noticed that you discuss the how both disorders are affected dopamine receptors. In “Principles of Pharmacology: the Pathophysiologic basis of drug therapy, I noted the D2 receptors are affected in the area postrema and you can see if there are similarities in any other of the disorders which explains the similarities. A treatment sections discussing how patients treat or deal with these lesions whether it is through surgery or drugs which affect neurotransmitters such as the dopamine receptors.

I also noted that was a history section and current research section and I thought that it would be good to separate them. Perhaps put the history section in the beginning and the current research section at the end. I also thought that that it would be helpful to have a social section, which describes what patients with these disease can contact for emotional support.

(jesspf (talk) 11:43, 29 November 2009 (UTC))

Shouldn't this article be merged with Chemoreceptor trigger zone?
Wikiation (talk) 17:27, 3 September 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060514120117/http://www.endotext.org:80/neuroendo/neuroendo3b/neuroendo3b_3.htm to http://www.endotext.org/neuroendo/neuroendo3b/neuroendo3b_3.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070313043610/http://cal.vet.upenn.edu:80/neuro/server/slides/ns_021-AP.jpg to http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/neuro/server/slides/ns_021-AP.jpg
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 * Neither link is needed, as these pictures and text are redundant with the article content and images, or emphasize other structures over the area postrema. Will remove all external links per WP:ELNO. --Zefr (talk) 15:51, 21 October 2016 (UTC)