Talk:Bazaar/Archives/2012

Moving unsourced section to talk page - it appears irrelevant to the article topic
--Modern political History of Bazaars in Iran--

An important political, economic, and social force since at least the time of the Qajar dynasty, the bazaar has been in opposition with the political elite in Iran through much of the twentieth century.

The Pahlavi dynasty viewed the bazaar as an impediment to the modern society that they wished to create and sought to enact policies that would erode the bazaar's importance. They were aware that the alliance of the mercantile and artisan forces in the bazaar with the Shia and Islamic fundamentalist clergy posed a serious threat to Imperial government, as occurred in 1890 and again during the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-07. The emergence of such an alliance in the period from 1923 to 1924 is believed by many scholars to have convinced Reza Shah not to establish a republic, as Atatürk had done in Turkey, but to establish a new dynasty based upon his family.

Reza Shah recognised the potential power of the bazaar, and he was apparently determined to control it. As his secularisation programs had adversely affected the clergy, many of his economic reforms hurt the bazaar.

His son also sought to control the influence of the bazaar. As a consequence, the bazaar remained a locus of opposition to both Pahlavis. During 1978, the bazaar spearheaded the strikes that paralysed some sectors of the economy and provided support for the political actions of the Shia clergy. In essence, the feared alliance of the bazaar and clergy had once again come to play a pivotal role in effecting political change in Iran.

The Islamic Republic has been much more solicitous of the bazaar than was the Pahlavi dynasty. Several of the early economic programs implemented by the governments of the Republic have benefited the interests of the bazaar; nevertheless, the complexities of managing an economy under the impact of a total war have also forced the central government to adopt economic policies that the bazaar has opposed.

Generally, the modern government leaders have favoured varying degrees of state regulation over such economic issues as the pricing of basic commodities and foreign trade, while entrepreneurs, bazaar merchants, and some prominent clergy have opposed such restrictions. These economic issues have been among the main reasons for the emergence of two contentious factions among the political elite in Iran.

Moving bizarre (heh) contribution to talk page
BA means with in Persian and ZAAR means gold or Golden Coine, old day's before Persian civilization started people customarily use to trade their service and merchandize without using money or coins, It is probably not true that the satrapies were created at once. Cyrus and Cambyses must have made some informal arrangements (e.g., the appointment of Aryandes in Egypt), although it is likely that -as Herodotus maintains- they did not impose a fixed tribute. Nor is it true that Darius imposed regular taxes on well-circumscribed provinces in one of the first regnal years. The list offered by Herodotus mentions India and Cyrene among the tributary zones, but they were not yet conquered until 515 and 513. Yet, it is certain that Darius did impose regular taxes and organized the empire in tax districts, which were also used to gather armies. As a corollary of the imposition of taxes, new coins were introduced. Until then, the Persians had used the same coins as King Croesus of Lydia; after 515, when he had conquered the legendary gold-country India, Darius introduced the gold daric (dârayaka) and silver siglos as monetary standard. As a trading device, the coins were especially popular in Asia Minor. Their importance outside this area, however, seems to have been marginal. Therefore BAZAAR could be the first place where monetary standard started with creation of Persian Empire Civilization.There are some BAZZAR in Internet as well such as [www.RadioEmrooz.com](www.AlphToursAndTravel.com)

[as added by Hamid Reza Rahimian], 11:43, 5 January 2008

76.193.165.26 (talk) 04:53, 12 January 2008 (UTC)

Bazaar - the word in other languages
Are there really relevant all those versions of the term in other languages? I think there should only be kept the ones from which the term originates, otherwise there will be a long list there because the term exists in other languages too... -- ANDROBETA 19:16, 12 October 2011 (UTC)

Modern political History of Bazaars in Iran
An important political, economic, and social force since at least the time of the Qajar dynasty, the bazaar has been in opposition with the political elite in Iran through much of the twentieth century.

The Pahlavi dynasty viewed the bazaar as an impediment to the modern society that they wished to create and sought to enact policies that would erode the bazaar's importance. They were aware that the alliance of the mercantile and artisan forces in the bazaar with the Shia and Islamic fundamentalist clergy posed a serious threat to Imperial government, as occurred in 1890 and again during the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-07. The emergence of such an alliance in the period from 1923 to 1924 is believed by many scholars to have convinced Reza Shah not to establish a republic, as Atatürk had done in Turkey, but to estab — Preceding unsigned and unfinished comment added by 115.118.151.27 (talk) 11:56, 28 March 2012 (UTC)

Bazaar vs. souq
The article states that a bazaar is a permanent enclosed area, whereas a souq is is an open-air marketplace. This may be true for several of the best-known cases (the Grand Bazaar in Istanbul; the souqs in Marrakech), but I think that this aspect is not essential, and that in general the distinction is not so clear-cut as that. For example, open-air markets in India are often referred to as bazaars, and all the important old souqs in Aleppo and Damascus are in covered enclosed buildings. In Arabic-speaking countries such traditional markets are called souq, whether enclosed or not and the term bazaar is not used there, and in non-Arabic countries that in earlier times were dominated by Persianate societies like the Mughal Empire (see Indo-Persian culture) and the Ottoman Empire, they are called bazaar, and the term souq is not used there. --Lambiam 22:10, 28 July 2012 (UTC)