Talk:Castle of Ayora

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Castle of Ayora The Castle of Ayora is located at an elevation of 552 (1,811 ft) metres above mean sea level (mamsl)[1], in the centre of Ayora, a Valencian town. Built probably in the mid 13th century, after the Reconquista, on an ancient Arabian building. The [LEX] ensemble was composed of the four-storey residence-palace, two fortified towns, and one large keep, as well as other rooms for the soldiers and serfdom, aljibes (European Middle Ages castle cisterns that collected the rain water to provide drinking water to the castles) and gardens. [LEX&GRAM] These ensemble was surrounded by around 0.62 [LEX] mi (1,000 m) of defensive walls and defensive towers. The castle was reduced to ruins by the troops of [GRAM] Philips V of Spain, in the War of the Spanish [ORT] Sucession, but its profile and its vast size are still noticeable. The keep, of square plan, the Puerta Falsa (Fake Door), commissioned by the marchioness of Cenete in the 16th century [EST] on which was her coat of arms, as well as paintings, defensive walls, buckets, moats, and cisterns, stand out in the [LEX] wreckage.[2] Since 2006, it is a Bien de Interés Cultural (property of cultural interest) with reference RI-51-0010507.[3] Castle-palace of Ayora, belonging to the [LEX] manorialism of Ayora. Contents [hide] •	1History •	2Architecture •	3References •	4External links History It is of Muslim origin and was [GRAM] rebuild in its entirety in the 13th century after the Valle de Cofrentes was regained by the Aragonese troops[4] between 1239 and 1243. With the signing of the Treaty of Almizra in 1244 between the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon, Ayora is [EST] in the hands of the Castilians. [TEX] Owing to the Treaty of Campillo signed in 1281 between Alfonso X the Wise of Castile and Peter III the Great of Aragon, Ayora is in hands of the [GRAM] Aragoneses again, as a war reparation. Ayora was part of The Kingdom of Valencia once again by decision of James II the Just, the king of Aragon, by means of the Treaty of Elche in 1305. The first reference of the castle comes precisely from the Muslim geographer Muhammad al-Idrisi who mentioned it in passing in the 12th century. With the decree of expulsion of the Moriscos in 1609, the valley was practically depopulated, after they had rebelled against the royal power. During the 14th century and 15th century, Ayora was a place of [LEX/NMS] manor, it was property of the admiral of Aragon Bernardo de Sarriá. In 1492 it was bought by Don Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar y Mendoza (son of Cardinal Mendoza), first Marquis of Zenete, who died in 1523. His daughter Mencía de Mendoza, Marchioness of Zenete, (Jadraque, 1508 - Valencia, 1554) inherited the manor, but when she died without descendants it passed into the hands of her sister María, who was married [LEX] with Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, Duke of the Infantado, being united to its dominions until 1837, when the feudal regimes were abolished. During the 16th century and 17th century, the castle underwent important alterations in order to refurbish it as a palace, including the construction of the so-called Puerta Falsa, commissioned by [LEX] Mrs. Mencía de Mendoza. The castle is practically in ruins since in 1707 the troops of Philip V of Spain, under the command of the Count of Pinto, took by assault, looting and burning the town and the castle, [NSM/TEX] which was abandoned. In 1797 the botanist Antonio Jose Cavanillles gave a description of it and presented it as a ruined and destroyed place (observations collected by the geographer and botanist Cavanilles in his work "Observaciones...del Reino de Valencia"). In 1812 the French occupied the valley and finished what [LEX/SS] little remained of the castle. The town of Ayora, located at the foot of the castle, was in turn walled, having three doors or accesses: the Portal of the Virgen de Gracia, the Portal of Santa Lucia, and the Portal of Palaz or San Nicolás. Architecture Zenithal view of the castle. Built on a lengthened floor plan, it is adapted to the land on which it is raised. A [LEX/NMS/GRAM] standout, four-sided tower[1] is erected just in the middle of the castle. [EST] Made through masonry and ashlar construction procedures, there are still remainders of rammed earth from some prior Muslim structures. It has two strongholds. The bigger one known as Plaza de Armas with [ORT] geometricaly designed [ORT] pabble pavement and the smaller one, located in the south, considered to be the patio of the previous fortress/palace of the Marchioness of Zenete. The castle was surrounded by 6-metre-high and 900-metre-long[1] ramparts. Among the ruins, [SS] rests from several four-cornered towers and from a semicircular one may be found. Moreover, there are rests of antique rooms.[3] The castle had two entrances. The Northern one [LEX/EST] was accessible by passing through/crossing the well-known Barrio Alto (The High Suburb). The Southern one by the well-known Puerta Falsa (16th Century) which straightaway gave way to the palace. Despite its current difficult access, it used to be the main entry to the castle. It is known as Puerta Falsa, due to the fact that at the present time it does not play that role, since a quarry was placed before it. The door had a semicircular arch [EST/TEX] and the ashlar construction procedure with reddish limestone was used. [EST/LEX] The door is framed up by a [LEX/EST] moulding/coving (USA y GB) of asymmetrical stone in the shape of the architectonic adornment called alfiz, above '''[GRAM/SS] which there must be [ORT] supposely situated the [LEX] blazon of the owners of the [ORT] casstle. Nowadays [TIP] its location is unknown.  The [ORT&LEX] blozon was likely [LEX/NMS] to be property of''' the Marquisate of Zenete. On the right side of the door there are  [LEX] rests of what presumably was a baseboard ornamenting the wall and simulating a column built in the wall with a capital at the top and a pedestal. Above the door there are two corbels that held a machicolation, currently missing, which protected the entry from attacks. References 1.	^ Jump up to:a b c Castillos, torres y fortalezas de la Comunidad Valenciana. Prensa Valenciana. 1995. p. 679. 2.	Jump up^ http://www.ayora.es/turismo/index.php/cultura-y-patrimonio/131-castillo-de-ayora-palacio-fortaleza-del-duque-del-infantado- 3.	^ Jump up to:a b http://www.cult.gva.es/dgpa/bics/detalles_bics.asp?IdInmueble=33 4.	Jump up^ Trobes de mossèn Jaume Febrer, 17th century manuscript External links

'''FEEDBACK: remember to choose either American English or British English and keep the same variety throughout the text. ''' — Preceding unsigned comment added by Anabel teacher (talk • contribs) 10:10, 16 May 2018 (UTC)