Talk:Citrus Red 2

Error of fact.
The statement "It is permitted by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since 1956 only for use on skin on some Florida oranges." is in error in that Citrus Red No. 2 is not limited by the FDA to oranges in Florida. It may be used in any State or Territory subject to the restrictions of that entity.

California and Arizona are the only States that prohibit its use. Florida sets specific standards for its use on oranges, tangelos and tangors.

References:

Anonymous. 1988. Florida Citrus Fruit Laws. Florida Statutes. 601.

Code of Federal Regualtions Title 21 Part 74.302 (21 CFR 74.302).

Hall, David J. 1989. Peel Disorders of Florida Citrus as Related to Grwing Area and Color-add formulations. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 102:243-246.

Hall, David J. and David Sorenson. 2006. Washing, Waxing, and Color-Adding. (Chapter 15 In: Fresh Citrus Fruits, Second Eddition. Wilfred F. Wardowski, William M. Miller, David J. Hall and William Grierson, Eds.) Florida Science Source. Longboat Key, Florida. --Fruitwax (talk) 20:43, 3 January 2008 (UTC)
 * I have reworded that statement and added in your references. -- Ed (Edgar181) 12:12, 14 October 2008 (UTC)

Carcinogenicity
In the article the statement is made that Citrus Red 2 is a carcinogen. According to the IARC (I) International Agency for Research on Cancer (World Health Organization) it is placed in Class2B. Class 2B is defined as a POSSIBLE carcinogen. Class 2A is defined as a PROBABLE carcinogen while Class 1 is for compounds that ARE carcinogens.(1)

(1) Carson, Phillip and Clive Mumford. 2002. Risk Assessment of Carcinogens. In Hazardous Chemicals Handbook, Second Edition. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK. p. 119-177.

fruitwax: — Preceding unsigned comment added by Fruitwax (talk • contribs) 18:07, 3 February 2011 (UTC)

Citrus Red No2, is listed a possible carcinogen by the IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer - World Health Organization) in category 2B which indicates that there is insufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in test animals or humans. Neither OSHA (US Occupational Safety and Health Administration) nor NTP (National Toxicology Program) list it as a known carcinogen (IARC 1975, University of Memphis 2004.). In summaries of tests on laboratory mice, a monograph on Citrus Red No. 2 (NLM) reports that of 40 mice, males and females, feeding 500 and 2500 mg/Kg daily for 2 years (NLM 2003) resulted in I papillary carcinoma of the bladder at the higher feeding level. In terms of a 50 Kg human (110 lbs.), these levels would be equal to consuming 25 or 125 grams of pure dye, daily, for an adult’s lifetime. Assuming oranges had the maximum of 2 ppm dye on the peel this would require the consumption of the peel of 12.5 million Kilograms (27.5 million pounds) of oranges (or 62.5 Kilograms (138 million pounds) for the higher level.) daily.

References

21 CFR 74.302. 2010. Citrus Red No. 2. Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 Food and Drugs. US Govt. Printing Off.

IARC. 1975. Citrus Red No. 2. IARC Summary and Evaluations 8:101

University of Memphis. 2004. Partial List of Select Carcinogens. http://www.memphis.edu/ehs/pdfs/carlist.pdf DJHall59 (talk) 13:02, 3 May 2011 (UTC)