Talk:Confucius/Archive 1

Vandalism?
Confucius is "seen by Chinese people as the Greatest Jedi Master known as" Discussion of "Anals"? Confucius came to China trying to spread a new lifestyle of peace. "In times of division, chaos, and endless wars between feudal states, he wanted to restore the Man of Heaven that could unify the "world" (i.e., Confucius) and bestow peace and prosperity on the cows." -- That should be "Mandate of Heaven". I'm not sure that the Confucius considered himself as a synomym for "the world". Also (and silliest), "bestow peace and prosperity on the cows"? Whiskey-Tango-Foxtrot?

This page keeps getting vandalized by the same user IP. Can somebody block this vandal? Mogg flunkie 01:48, 25 October 2006 (UTC)

By the way that guy's IP is 69.74.140.162. He added such gems like "his descendant liked to suck his balls"Mogg flunkie 01:50, 25 October 2006 (UTC)

See WP:VANDAL and WP:AIV. And next time, put new talk page sections at the bottom. of the 21bc. bibliomaniac15 01:54, 25 October 2006 (UTC)

poen vids It's been modified once again. God people have no life - Dementor654

incomprehensible
is this just terrible writing, or vandalism? If you read it carefully, it makes no logical sense.

"This has been interpreted as an act of judicial murder, an accusation which has been denied by Confucius' admirers. However, in the book "The sayings of Confucius" by Tsai Chih Chung from Taiwan, Lu was a Councelor who created political trouble for Lu. The King of Lu was unhappy at this abuse of power, and during an annual ritual, he refused to distribute the sacred meat to Confucius, a strong indication of disapproval. In fact, Confucius was forced into exile from Lu after these accusations. During his exile (called “touring the kingdoms” (Traditional Chinese: 周遊列國; Simplified Chinese: 周游列国; pinyin: zhōuyóu lièguó) in Confucianism), Confucius was not widely welcomed; some kingdoms even forbade him to cross their borders. According to "The sayings of Confucius", the state of Lu was doing economically very well because of Confucius, that its neighbour the state of Qi was worried that it will become the supreme state and Qi will be the first to be conquered. They then decided to sabotage Lu's reforms by sending one hundred horses and eighty beauties to the King of Lu. The King of Lu then indulged himself in pleasure seeking and did not attend to any official duties for three days. At the sacrificial rites he did not give the councelors the meat in accordance to the rites. By then, Confucius had done all he could to bring Lu to its height and decided to leave."and moved to sunny california

?? Lu was a councilor of Lu? Confucius left and then left? And in context this whole section is meaningless.

69.171.129.46 05:29, 5 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Either it is enter in harsh or typo, the line "Lu was a Councelor who created political trouble for Lu." should be "Confucius was a Councilor who created political trouble for Lu.--Sltan 15:06, 29 November 2006 (UTC)

Also, I find it confusing that the article claims the following: [Confucius] was a minor administrative manager in the State of Lu and rose to the position of Justice Minister

but then continues to say that,

Confucius never held any major position in either Lu or anywhere else.

So, which one is it? --VMS

The life history of Confucius is legendary, but the very ordinary nature of his story (and his lack of success[24]) lends it credibility This is completely absurd and I've removed it; the grammar is seriously f-ed up in the Personal Life section. This article is in dire need of revision. --VMS

older talk
His philosophy, which drew from Taoism...

Um, not that I'm an expert with Confucianism, but as far as I know, Confucian literature and Daoist literature are full of invectives against each other. Confucius even openly ridicules the Daoist concept of "wu wei" ("non-acting" - OK, OK, dubious translation). I was under the strong impression that Confucianism and Daoism were indeed the two opposite poles of Chinese philosophy - or am I wrong here?

(comment by Xiemaisi originally on talk:Confucianism)

No, this is correct, much Confucian thought is dependant on the precursory Tao Te Ching, and in fact puts great stress on wu wei. Confucius admittedly thought that governmental action would keep people's actions in check, but also held that government by example de and correct etiquette and manners li was more socially efficient. sjc

Just wanted to add my support. I've read the novel about Confucius, by Yang Shu'an, and even though Confucius actually meets Lao Tze (Lao Zi) and think him an original charactar with lots of depth, Taoism is not the fundament of Confucianistic philosophy. That is, however, the rules of propriety. Sigg3.net


 * A clearer picture of the relationship between Confucius and Daoism (in my humble opinion) is this: there were a lot of ideas kicking around at the time the basic texts of these traditions were being formed (5th, 4th, 3rd centuries BCE). The Ruist school associated with Confucius drew on the ideas in current circulation and put a particular spin on them, while the author(s) of the Laozi (aka Dao de jing) and that school drew on the same store of ideas and put emphasis on different parts. These schools of thought (and the others that also existed at the time) seldom, if ever, defined themselves clearly in opposition to one another in this period. THe "wu wei" concept, and other concepts generally associated with Daoism, occupy more or less central positions in many texts traditionally classified as Confucian. There are certainly ideas developed extensively in Confucian texts, such as "li" "ritual", that are really absent from texts generally classified as Daoist; remember, however, that few texts from this period come marked as the product of one particular school or another, and the ones that are so marked may well be misattributed, so it is certainly possible that it was the presence of ideas like "li" that got these texts marked as Confucian in the first place. Later followers, scholars, historians emphasized particular elements of each school's ideas at the expense of other elements, creating clear and distinct oppositions between the traditions as they developed over time. Later people also chose, classified, and edited the texts that were to become what we know as the central texts of these traditions, that is, the texts that we're thinking of when we talk about what Confucianism and Daoism "are". So I guess there are two different things here: historical people who wrote stuff, and the traditions that grew around some of the stuff that was written. THe "opposite poles of Chinese philosophy" is mainly in the later traditions.

I know this is beginning to sound finicky, but how can you be sure that the Dao De Jing is precursory'' to Confucianism? AFAIK there are very different opinions about its date of origin. Some say it was actually written by Laozi in the 6th century BCE, others claim Laozi is a fiction and the Dao De Jing was written by some disciples of an unknown master in the 4th century BCE ... so isn't it a bit dubious to outrightly claim Confucius was influenced by it? I mean, wouldn't it be more appropriate to say that Confucianism and Daoism drew from common sources?

Besides, I still think that the differences between Confucianism and Daoism outweigh their similiarities. As I've said before I don't know that much about it, but what about their respective attitudes towards knowledge and learning? I think learning is quite important for Confucius (see first sentence of the Analects), whereas the Dao De Jing is very skeptical of it (see Dao De Jing, 81: "The extensively learned do not really know." - translation taken from http://www.human.toyogakuen-u.ac.jp/~acmuller/contao/laotzu.htm). Or is this just an unimportant facet? -- Xiemaisi''

No, you don't sound finicky, you're making a number of very valid and also vexed points. The whole area is very, very, grey, and is in fact seriously into the realm of archaeological conjecture. The Ma-Wang-Tui manuscripts of the Tao te Ching have been dated to around the first part of the 3rd century BCE, with much earlier silk manuscripts referring to the Tao, Confucius is thought to have lived around 551-479 BCE. Some people think that Confucius was contemporaneous with Lao-Tzu; others that the compilation of the Tao was a group act and which predates Confucius by a very long way. My reading of it is that the Analects have critical dependencies upon the Tao te Ching which the Tao does not upon the Analects, therefore the supposition has to be that the Tao is older than the Analects.

I think also you have to see the text of the Tao as being something other than prima-facie; it is, to my mind, a highly ironic text, and phrases such as "The extensively learned do not really know" more than adequately make this point... It's self-referential to the nth degree, whereas the Analects are altogether more earnest. They are very different texts in this respect, and substantially different in their underlying philosophies, but Confucianism, to my way of thinking, is a reaction against something which it is secretly hankering to be but can't quite attain. We'll have to disagree on this one, I suspect! sjc

On Confucius, the Chinese roots are typed in square brackets but link to non-Wikipedia pages. What's the correct format here?

Added some old lecture notes of mine to what was little more than a stub when i got to it (what were all these people debating about?) Could we ask a native Chinese speaker to pinyinise the names and terms? Thanks --- clasqm Later Oops sorry, didn't see the redirect to Confucius/Talk, I was referrring to >

I heared that confucius had 300 wifes and 400 concubines (or the other way round). Is that true? -- Michael


 * This a part of its legend, I guess. -- Anon


 * Do you really believe that such a thing has validty?........ --Menchi (Talk)ü| â 10:38, 16 Dec 2003 (UTC)


 * He only had one son.

Suggestions
PLEASE record (and put here in ogg file) how to proprely spell his name please!!! It's done on the page of Deng Xiaoping. look: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Zh-Deng_Xiaoping.ogg Confucius is very importan person. Please, can someone do it.

IMHO few things are missing is this page (or Confucianism): Gbog 06:16, 28 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * Xunzi (not Sunzi) is considered as the other great follower of Kongzi and should be mentioned
 * Zhu Xi is a important Song renovator of Confucianism
 * Kongzi's problem with women is in fact a problem with Confucianism and only very few Analects are talking about women's
 * So, IMHO, it should be said somewhere that, even if Confucianism is a bit of "oppressive", this is not directly related to the man himself, but to the fact that its philosophy has been used as main "state" philosophy during 2 millenaries
 * Kongzi is said to have edited Shijing (Book of Odes) and maybe other classical books
 * A stress should be done on music (and harmony), as Kongzi nearly always balances "rites" (li) with music or harmony, and, moreover, he liked to play music and to hear it. Music is, i think, related to the fact that it has the power to "unify the hearts of the men" (when rites divide them hierarchically)
 * The Way of (thinking of) Kongzi is "tautological" (the son be a son,...) and "indicial" (show one corner of a problem), not "polemic" or "dialectic" or "rational", and that is a key difference with Ancient Greek philosophers


 * Some of the stuff, like women, Zhu Xi and tautological, sounds more suitable in Confucianism. And I believe women is mentioned there already.
 * Ok -Gbog
 * But otherwise, be bold! --Menchi 06:35, 28 Nov 2003 (UTC)


 * Yes but as I'm not a native english speaker, I'm afraid to give hudge work to readers :) Gbog


 * Replied on your talk page. --Menchi 07:22, 28 Nov 2003 (UTC)

About the translation of the title "Duke of Yansheng", I think a Yansheng is more probably translated as "carrying on the saintliness". Alright, maybe not. But I think the title was given to his descendants to specifically describe how they are of the lineage (thus carrying on) of the "sage". Just a suggestion, someone else who know Chinese better will have to help here.

---
 * Removed this

Women
Confucius outlined a society based strongly upon hierarchy. To him, women were firmly at the bottom of that hierarchy. He intended virtually all of his philosophy and rigid ethical code to apply only to men.

His desire to civilize politics may explain this: In the time he lived, China was going through a chaotic period where the focus was often on war and other male-run concerns. This may partially explain his desire to focus on getting men to recognize strong obligations to each other - and to keep women only for the bedroom and out of politics. Such sentiments were also a part of the discourse taking place regarding democracy well into the 20th century - see suffragette.


 * because I think that what Confucius thought about women's place in society is only a side discussion about Confucius, as it's isn't stated directly anywhere. This could have a place in Confucianism. What could be stated here is the "five human relations" (King-Subject, Father-Son, Husband-Wife, Elder-Younger brother, Friends). gbog 16:50, 1 Dec 2003 (UTC)

-

Vacuous statement?
I'm not particularly happy with the opening para ie. "Confucius...was the famous great sage...of China". "Great sage" does mean a "great wise man", but this definition seems to me otherwise rather vacuous. What's worse, it seems to presuppose we all know about this "famous one". Any better solution? Mandel - May 13, 2004


 * Well, MORE famous than Mencius and Zhu Xi ever had been or will be.... :o) And he in fact has always been called "sage" (sheng in the non-religious sense) in China, maybe except in the Cultural Revolution years and its wake. So, really, at least in China, that is very true. And I'm under distinct impression that IF a westerner ever hears about classical Chinese philosophy, Confucius is the first. It's really not that inaccurate a statement (I'm not defending my own work -- I didn't write that sentence). --Menchi 18:31, 13 May 2004 (UTC)


 * Yah, he is called sage in China at least, but that's out of respect; actually the term has little meaning other than as a term of veneration. (It also means "saint", but the Chinese and the Western meaning are quite different). Anyway I find this quasi-official verbiage has little meaning and certainly not helpful to someone trying to learn about Confucius.


 * Notice the line reads "the famous great sage", which obviously presupposes the reader, like you, know about this title in China. (You know, so it makes sense, doesn't it?)


 * Furthermore a certain monkey in Chinese literature is also referred to by that name. I think it treason to put Confucius on the level of a monkey; although I must admit it may be me that is extraordinarily sensitive. Mandel

Office
The page says Confucius was PM of the state of Lu, but I seem to recall that was historically questionable. I've read the most senior position justifiable by texts of the period is police commissioner of Lu; as time goes on afterwards he's credited with increasingly senior positions until the tradition of him being PM is established. Haven't got my books with me but it was either DC Lau's Analects or AC Graham's Disputers of the Tao. Can anyone clear this up for me? -- Conflatuman, 13 Sept 2004


 * Well, one of the most complete texts I've come across on early Chinese history is, oddly enough, Larry Gonick's The Cartoon History of the Universe II. Although that may not sound like a good source, it's extremely good and well-researched. It reads, "The grateful duke of Lu promoted Confucius to PRIME MINISTER, and he was visibly delighted!" (84) If need be, I might be able to find the source for this. It might be derived from Sima Qian. Brutannica 04:06, 14 Sep 2004 (UTC)


 * Hmm, I know it's sources at 10 paces here, and I don't have any to hand beyond the Lonely Planet, which is not very solid. It's possible Sima Qian is the source, but that actually post-dates Confucius himself by 300 years or so.  Furthermore I thought the _Records of the Historian_ were notorious for their inclusive attitude, which preserved plenty of material at the expense of judgements of accuracy ... isn't this why he's compared to Herodotus?  I'm inclined to note the tradition he was PM and the questioning by modern historians that he was more senior than police commissioner.  Conflutuman, 10:35, 17 Sep 2004 (UTC)


 * E. Bruce Brooks disputes the conventional biography of Confucius in The Original Analects (1997). Far from being a "prime minister" or justice minister, Brooks asserts, Confucius was more likely a member of Duke Zhao's personal guard who went with him into exile in Qi, where he would have met Duke Jing of Qi. He would not have held even an advisory position at court in Lu until the reign of Duke Ai, between around 494 BC and 481 BC -- just two years before his death. The period in which Confucius is said to have been a high minister is during the intermediary reign of Duke Ding, ca. 498–496 BC, in which it's possible that he might have been rewarded for his loyalty to Zhao with a modest court position, but nothing as high as a ministership. --Mr. A. 04:24, 9 October 2005 (UTC)


 * Just want to make 2 points.
 * i. Historical in China, the higest officer is call Jai-Xiang (&#23472;&#30456;). This position should never be mistaken as Prime Minster. It is common to have more than two Jai-Xiang in any China state or kingdom.
 * ii. I think this paragraph will not complete if we omit a political murder direct by Confucius himself. When Confucius act as the higher officer in Ru state, he gave order to arrest and kill another well known officer, Sau-Zhen-Mau (&#23569;&#27491;&#21359;) using ambiguity execuses. This political murdering are well documented by many historical book but evaded by most confuciusism follower. The consequence of the political murdering is so long lasting, which explain that why Confucius are unwelcome in any state. sltan. 8:12, 07 feb 2005 (GMT+8)

Politics
Was also considering linking here from Conservative, any thoughts -- Conflatuman, 13 Sept 2004


 * Your notes deserve to be included in the article, imho. First, I confirm that most of my readings on the topic don't share the idea of Confucius being a PM, far from that. He was closer to an obscure teacher with few disciples trying to convince rulers to apply his political ideas. Second, with it's conservatism, I would say something like "Confucius defended strongly his own conservatism and nerver claimed he was bringing something new to the world, but in fact he used idealised old institutions as models for an improvement of current ones. It's most 'revolutionary' idea may be the one of 'meritocraty', where ruling noblesse of blood is replaced with noblesse of virtues". If you wish to change the current article (that is far from perfection), you may have a look to Confucianism, which is more developed. gbog 14:23, 2004 Sep 13 (UTC)


 * Fine with the link, but much of what gbog discusses is already in the article in one form or another, just maybe not as organised. Brutannica 04:06, 14 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Family name
Do not make stupid edits please! The family name (&#22995;) of Confucius was Zi (&#23376;). Kong (&#23380;) was only his clan name (&#27663;). The character zi (&#23376;) which means master is a homonym of the family name Zi, but that's two different words, as much as bank (of England) and bank (of the river) are two different words. So before you "correct" people, MAKE SURE YOU KNOW THE SUBJECT IN DEPTH. Hardouin 11:28, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)


 * Sources ? (I'm highly surprised by your plea. Even if I never did really take care to such a detail, I think that all the sources I read about Confucius says that his family name was Kong, and his given name was Qiu, and that Zi stands for Master as in many other cases like Lao Zi, Xun Zi, Sun Zi, Meng Zi, Mo Zi and so on.) gbog 11:54, 2004 Oct 5 (UTC)

All the sources I have are in Chinese, and there A LOT of them. I give you one link among others: . Then a research in the Chinese Google will provide you with lots of links showing that the family name was Zi. Remember that in the 2nd century BC the distinction between family names and clan names became blurred, and the descendants of Confucius used Kong as their family name, while Zi was falling into oblivion. However in the 6th century BC their was a strict difference between family name and clan name. One more time, the "zi" that means master is not the same word as Zi the family name, although they are written and pronounced the same. That's what people call homonyms. Hardouin 17:46, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC) To put it another way, for people who are familiar with Latin, Qiu is a bit like a "praenomen", Zi is a bit like a "nomen gentile", and Kong is a bit like a "cognomen"; "zi" or "fuzi" are only titles meaning "master". Confucius is more known under his "cognomen" (Kong) than under his "nomen" (Zi), the same as for instance Cicero who is more known under his cognomen Cicero than under his nomen gentile Tullius. Hardouin 18:00, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)


 * I understand how historians traced his name, as in . However, even in this article, it explains how the name have changed six generations before Confucius. And how people stopped using Zi in Confusius' era.  "&#23380;&#23376;&#20808;&#19990;&#21407;&#20026;&#23376;&#22995;&#65292;&#33258;&#23380;&#23376;&#20845;&#19990;&#31062;&#23380;&#29238;&#22025;&#36215;&#65292;&#22240;“&#20116;&#19990;&#20146;&#23613;&#65292;&#21035;&#20026;&#20844;&#26063;”&#65292;&#20035;&#20197;&#23383;&#20026;&#22995;&#65292;&#26159;&#20026;&#23380;&#27663;&#20043;&#22987;&#12290;&#33267;&#23380;&#23376;&#26102;&#65292;&#22995;&#27663;&#19981;&#20877;&#20004;&#23384;&#65292;&#20197;&#27663;&#20026;&#22995;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#23380;&#26063;&#23562;&#23380;&#23376;&#20026;&#19968;&#19990;&#31062;&#12290;"  So the Zi name only applies to his ancestors, it was not used by Confucius himself at the time.  This is like arguing that everyone in the world should be called Adam or Eve.  I think it is irrelavant.  Kowloonese 20:50, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)

I don't really agree with the article when they write &#23380;&#22995;: this is a usage that originated in the Historical Records of Sima Qian at a time when the difference between &#22995; and &#27663; was blurred, so in the article about Confucius Sima Qian wrote: "&#22995;&#23380;&#27663;", because he clearly did not make a difference between the two anymore, but this is 300 years after the time of Confucius. In the same vein, he also wrote about the first emperor Qin Shi Huangdi: "&#31206;&#20043;&#20808;&#20026;&#36194;&#22995;", and then somewhere else in the book he wrote about the same first emperor "&#21517;&#20026;&#25919;&#65292;&#22995;&#36213;&#27663;", because he clearly did not understand the difference anymore between Ying (&#36194;) (the family name &#22995; of the first emperor), and Zhao (&#36213;) (the clan name &#27663; of the emperor).

I especially do not agree with this: "&#33267;&#23380;&#23376;&#26102;&#65292;&#22995;&#27663;&#19981;&#20877;&#20004;&#23384;". This is contrary to everything else I've read. The matter is a bit complicated, so I am not surprised that even some Chinese articles would have it wrong. According to several articles written by Chinese historians and university professors that I have read, the &#22995; and the &#27663; both cleary still existed in China at the time of Confucius, even though of course in everyday life people made use of the &#27663; only, so people used Kong, they did not use Zi, but Zi remained anyway. If I follow you, then we should change the article about the first emperor too, and instead of the family name Ying (&#36194;), which goes back to "Adam and Eve", we should write the family name Zhao (&#36213;). Should we? We should also suppress the familly name Tullius from the article Cicero, because Tullius was not used whereas everybody used Cicero. Should we? I have been told over and over before by other Wikipedians that we "ought" to list all the names, and now that I am obediently complying, I am being told that we "ought not" to list all the names. Go figure! Hardouin 23:28, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * First we have to confirm if family and clan name were combined by the time of Confucius. Even if Confucius still used it separately, you still have a lot of explanation to do in the article because the Chinese had not separated &#22995; and &#27663; for thousands of years.  The ancient concept of these two entities deserve an article on its own.  Yet, the ancient &#22995; of Confucius causes confusion to modern reader because the modern &#22995; is acutally the ancient &#27663;.  And the modern &#27663; is now defined as maiden name or the family name on the mother side which is the opposite of the ancient definition, note the woman radical in the character &#22995; which literally breaks down to the meaning "born by woman".  There was a terminology change a few thousand years ago.  In fact, the two meanings swapped.  In the article, you need to redefined the modern readers' concept of &#22995; before you introduce the ancient name that only historians care about.  Even the name &#23376; was deduced based on what Confucius said his ancestor was and the historian belief of what his ancestor was called.  It was not a black and white record from his era that said Confucius was named &#23376;.  I understand your intention, but I think the current state of the article will only confuse reader.  You may need to expand on the topic to eliminate the confusions.  Kowloonese 01:45, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)


 * "&#23380;&#29238;&#20026;&#23383;&#65292;&#22025;&#20026;&#21517;&#12290;&#20854;&#22320;&#20301;&#30001;&#21375;&#38477;&#20026;&#22823;&#22827;&#65292;&#26159;&#23380;&#23376;&#31532;&#20845;&#20195;&#31062;&#12290;&#33258;&#24343;&#29238;&#20309;&#33267;&#23380;&#29238;&#22025;&#24050;&#21382;&#20116;&#20195;&#65292;&#25353;&#29031;&#12298;&#23380;&#23376;&#19990;&#23478;&#35889;&#22995;&#28304;&#12299;&#25152;&#35328;&#65306;“&#20116;&#19990;&#20146;&#23613;&#65292;&#21035;&#20026;&#20844;&#26063;&#65292;&#36930;&#24322;&#23376;&#22995;&#65292;&#32780;&#20197;&#23383;&#20026;&#22995;&#65292;&#30422;&#25104;&#23380;&#22995;&#20043;&#22987;&#12290;”&#25152;&#20197;&#65292;&#22312;&#23380;&#29238;&#22025;&#21069;&#23380;&#23376;&#30340;&#20808;&#19990;&#37117;&#22995;&#23376;&#32780;&#19981;&#22995;&#23380;&#12290;" This paragraph said that six generation before Confucius, &#23380;&#29238;&#22025; changed the family name to Kong. I intepret this to mean that &#23376; was not in use for 5 generations when Confucius was born. Kowloonese 02:10, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

That's exactly why I disagree with this article, because of the sentence you pasted here, in particular "&#36930;&#24322;&#23376;&#22995;&#65292;&#32780;&#20197;&#23383;&#20026;&#22995;". This is a modern, anachronistic vision of it. I don't know what kind of book is&#12298;&#23380;&#23376;&#19990;&#23478;&#35889;&#22995;&#28304;&#12299;, but it's probably a modern book. The original sentence appears in a book called &#12298;&#23380;&#23376;&#23478;&#35821;&#12299; (&#21367;&#31532;&#20061;, &#26412;&#22995;&#35299;&#31532;&#19977;&#21313;&#20061;) which was written by Wang Su (&#29579;&#32899;) at the beginning of the 3rd century after Christ. The original sentence reads: "&#32771;&#29995;&#29983;&#23380;&#29238;&#22025;&#65292;&#20116;&#19990;&#20146;&#23613;&#65292;&#21035;&#20026;&#20844;&#26063;&#65292;&#25925;&#21518;&#20197;&#23380;&#20026;&#27663;&#28937;". It doesn't say that they adopted Kong as a family name (&#22995;), it says that they adopted Kong as a clan name (&#27663;). So you see that the sentence you pasted contains an error. I would recommend reading the article that I linked to above (link # 1), it's the best I have found so far on the matter, it was written by Liu Kaihua from the University of Nanjing, and I have no reason to doubt what he says, as I haven't found any mistake inside the article so far. He clearly states that the family name (&#22995;) of Confucius was Zi (&#23376;), and that did not undergo changes. What changed is the clan name (&#27663;), which was Gongsun (&#20844;&#23385;) up to ancestor Kongfu Jia (&#23380;&#29238;&#22025;), and was changed into Kong after ancestor Kongfu Jia. As for Kongfu Jia himself, Zi (&#23376;) was his family name, Gongsun (&#20844;&#23385;) was his clan name (&#27663;), Jia (&#22025;) was his given name (&#21517;), and Kongfu (&#23380;&#29238;) was his courtesy name (&#23383;). This also answers another of your questions: family and clan names were not combined. Actually, none of them were used, as is obvious from the example of Kongfu Jia. People used only the courtesy name and the given name. So Confucius would have been known as Zhongni Qiu (&#20210;&#23612;&#19992;). Inside the article, of course I would never write Zi, Kong, and Qiu together, but in the identity table on the right, we are like the police in a way, we just state the identity of the person, line after line, so it's different. It's only centuries later that Chinese people started to use family name (&#22995;&#27663;) and given name (&#21517;) together. So of course there was "not a black and white record from his era that said Confucius was named &#23376;", and there was not even a "black and white record" that he was named Kong either, because the custom was not to use either family name or clan name. But when discussing genealogical lineages, then they would have stated both, and it is not true to say it is a reconstruction of modern historians: the Classic of History (&#20070;&#32463;), the Spring and Autumn (&#26149;&#31179;), The Annals of Song (&#23435;&#22269;&#30340;&#21490;&#20070;), and so forth, they would all have listed the family and clan names. When it was time to get married, Confucius would certainly have looked at his ancestral family name Zi, because as Liu Kaihua states in the article, the rule 25 centuries ago was: "&#27663;&#21516;&#22995;&#19981;&#21516;&#65292;&#23130;&#23035;&#21487;&#36890;&#65307;&#22995;&#21516;&#27663;&#19981;&#21516;&#65292;&#23130;&#23035;&#19981;&#21487;&#36890;" ("if the bride and groom have same clan name and different family name, the marriage is possible; if they have different clan name but same family name, the marriage is not possible"). Confucius could have married another Kong with a different family name, but he could not have married a woman with family name Zi, even though her clan name was not Kong.

I think we should put a footnote to explain that the family name Zi is not the same as the word "zi" which means "master", as I understand that this may confuse people. But as for explaining the difference between family name and clan name, it is not relevant in the Confucius article. It should be in the article about Chinese family names. It's the same with Roman historical figures: we list their three names in the articles (praenomen, nomen, cognomen), even though most people probably don't know the difference... then it's up to the people to make some further research to find out what is the difference for these three things. It should be the same for Chinese historical figures. I think all the articles in Wikipedia about Chinese historical figures before the 3rd century BC should include family name, clan name, and given name. After the 3rd century BC family names and clan names merged, so it is not necessary to state both in the articles about Chinese people after 3rd century BC. Hardouin 13:25, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)


 * Hardouin, what do you understand by the distinction between family name (&#22995;) and clan name (&#27663;)? Please keep your answer as short and as to the point as I have difficulty understanding your somewhat meandering argument. Mandel 19:37, Oct 6, 2004 (UTC)


 * Mandel, I think you can follow the Chinese links mentioned in this talk page and read about how the two words have swapped around in meaning a few thousand years ago. If you stick to today's concept of the two words, you may not understand what Hardouin is getting at.  I kind of understand his position, but I just worry it is going to create too much confusion because only the Chinese historians understand the ancient usage.  I have suggested Hardouin to write an article about this ancient concept because I don't think a short answer will ever work for anyone.  Translating the Chinese links into English is a good start.  :-) Kowloonese 21:48, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)


 * I have read both links and I think Hardouin make a serious mistake in translating either Chinese terms. The ancient Chinese term &#22995; should be translated as clan name, not family name, whereas &#27663; should be translated as family name, not clan name.  That's because clearly before the Warring states &#27663; is a subset of &#22995;. &#22995; is larger, hence the term "clan" which means an extended group of families should make it clearer.


 * Hardouin also claimed that Sima Qian misunderstood the terminologies of &#22995; and &#27663; when writing the Shiji. Sima Qian did not make a mistake ; I think Hardouin did, which was why I was so confused and needed clarification. Mandel 03:48, Oct 8, 2004 (UTC)


 * So what shall we do? I suggest to keep the common usage in Confucius' names ("zi" meaning master, "KONG Qiu" being his name) and to add this interesting discussion in the "Names" paragraph. gbog 05:22, 2004 Oct 8 (UTC)

Mandel, Sima Qian wrote "&#22995;&#36213;&#27663;" about the First Emperor, which clearly shows that he confused &#22995; and &#27663;. For him they meant the same. If you're not convinced, you can read the end of this article:. Also, please avoid personal attack. Words such as "meandering argument" or "serious mistake" should not have their place in such a forum. We can debate about topics while remaining respectful of each other.


 * Dear Hardouin, I am not personally attacking you - but I think you did make a mistake in misreading Sima Qian. "Meandering argument" isn't an attack either. Your argument is indeed not quite so to the point.  I don't feel I owe anyone an apology, since the remarks refer to what was being said rather than who said them.  (To be perfectly honest, your attitude to gbog and Kowloonese isn't exactly pacific either - you can read your own comments).  Everybody makes mistakes one time or another.  I'm just pointing them out for the sake of clarity.


 * At least to me, Sima Qian was *not* confused about the wording of &#22995; and &#27663;; he was merely mixing it up in the the contemporaneous sense so that his Han dynasty readers could understand it. He knows full well what he is writing.  As you noted, by his time the meaning of &#22995; and &#27663; has undergone changes.  I do not agree with the link you provided.  Had Sima Qian been confused he would not have mentioned at one time Qin Shihuang's &#31206;&#20043;&#20808;&#20026;&#23348;&#22995;.  His meaning of &#22995;&#23380;&#27663; probably means this:


 * Confucius's surname (ie. &#22995;), in the modern sense of the word ie. in the Han dynasty, is &#23380;, which is his clan (or whatever) name.


 * The fact that Sima Qian makes no distinction &#22995; and &#27663; does not imply that he did not know they existed beforehand. He was merely conforming to the norms of his time.  I find it hard to believe the Chief Historian 2 millennium before our own wouldn't know something so basic as this. It's like saying Herodotus won't know about Jews during the time of Jesus.


 * Not the crux of our argument, but I just find the supposition incredulous. Mandel 10:12, Oct 9, 2004 (UTC)

About the translation of &#22995; and &#27663;, I have simply used the translation that I have read before in scholarly works about China. Yes, &#22995; is larger than &#27663;, but for some reason, &#22995; is generally translated as family name, and &#27663; is generally translated as clan name. I used the same translation so as not to confuse people who are already used to these translations. Actually, I was also planning to go to the local library to find some books about Chinese history in English to see if other translations exist. I think the reason for these translations is that &#27663; was a clan inside a large "family". For instance, the descendants of the kings of Shang had the "family name" (&#22995;) Zi (&#23376;), and inside this large Zi "family", there were many clans, and Kong was one of the clans. Perhaps the translation of &#22995; is the one that is not very good... I will try to find if there exists another translation. Alternatively, we could also choose to call &#22995; the "nomen gentile", and &#27663; the "cognomen", because these concepts in Latin are almost identical to the use of &#22995; and &#27663; in Chinese antiquity. Hardouin 12:08, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)


 * Which was exactly why I was confused. I personally disagree using Latin names because I think it will meddle the issue more. After MHO is rather someone do a translation on the Chinese links. Mandel 10:12, Oct 9, 2004 (UTC)


 * IMHO, all the confusions is due to the change in definition of these two terms thousands years ago and ordinary Chinese people aren't even aware of the ancient meanings. So actually there are 4 meanings among these two characters, namely ancient &#22995;, ancient &#27663;, modern &#22995; and modern &#27663;.  I have no idea how other scholars translated these 4 meanings.  I suggest that you simply come up with 4 distinct translations and tie them to the Chinese characters in their usage context to disambiguate them.  If whatever translations you pick do not mix them up, the confusion can be eliminated.

Based on the few sources posted here that I read so far (mind you I am no historian), I summarize as follows:
 * ancient use of &#22995; = ancestor name passed down from the mother side?
 * ancient use of &#27663; = clan name
 * modern use of &#22995; = family name that passed down from the father side (derived from ancient clan name)
 * modern use of &#27663; = family name on the mother side, i.e. maiden name that don't pass on.

Another complication is that Sima Qian was writing during a time that the change of definition took place. So he might be using the new meaning to describe a concept or vice versa. In a sense, his writing is as confusing as this article itself. Sigh!

Please correct if I am wrong.

Kowloonese 18:26, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)


 * "Ancestral name" and "clan name" seemed like very good ways of translating the ancient &#22995; and &#27663;. I support this usage. Mandel 10:12, Oct 9, 2004 (UTC)

It looks like some additions, including text on this talk page, are needed for Chinese family name. Clan and family names are not distiguished by that article. --Jiang 08:58, 9 Oct 2004 (UTC)


 * I agree with Mandel, "ancestral name" and "clan name" make perfect sense after all. I have put that in the table. I also added a footnote to disambiguate the character &#23376;. Now, we also need to list the ancestral names for other Chinese people who lived at the same time, such as Mengzi, Sunzi, etc. That's if we can find their ancestral names of course... Not everybody's biography is as documented as Confucius unfortunately. And then we also need to write a section about ancestral and clan names in the Chinese family name article. A translation of link #1 above would be a good start. Anyone volunteering? Hardouin 12:42, 9 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * You have said it yourself. The ancestral names of these people were so irrelevant that even historians didn't document them.  The risk of adding an undocumented ancestral name in an encyclopedia entry will make something more important than it really is.  Some of these names are simply speculations by historians, instead of actual written record.  If the name is not confirmed, such fact should be pointed out along with the name.

Going back on this discussion after a while, I think there is still a problem : the "names" section in the article is in contradiction with the "name box". It's a mess and I would like to simplify the box and give the details in section. gbog 06:21, 2005 Jan 16 (UTC)

This whole paragraph describing the name make my head spin. We are living in 21st century, why make simple thing so confusing. IT IS NOT IMPORTANT to know what his ancerstor,-super-duper-ultra ancestor name. This wiki topic is not a good place to enroot the family name of Confucius. I think the paragraph of "Names and descendants" are totally useless to describe confucius. HOWEVER, in my opinion, it is appropriate to put under confuciusism, to understand why confuciusism keep guarding the meaningless abstract name.

sltan 08 Feb 2005

According to Chinese, Japan and Classical Chinese, the correct name of Confucius should be : Kong Qiu (孔丘) instead of Kong Fu Zi. Fu Zi (夫子) means master. Confucius's family name Kong is formal name to Chinese people. --Peachwa &amp; Neversay(talk) 04:08, 13 January 2007 (UTC)

Confucius Political Exile
When Confucius held the post of highest officer in Ru Kingdom, he gave order to arrest and Sau-Zhen-Mau (&#23569;&#27491;&#21359;) with five ambiguity reason : 1.Having a rebelion mind 2.Behave akwardly and refuse correction 3.Talking nonsense  4.Record that bad thing and spread the news 5.Support wicked act. (&#65297;.&#24515;&#36870;&#32780;&#38505; &#65298;.&#34892;&#36767;&#32780;&#22362; &#65299;.&#35328;&#20266;&#32780;&#36777; &#65300;. &#35760;&#19985;&#32780;&#21338; &#65301;.&#39034;&#38750;&#32780;&#27901;). Although these political murdering is widely denied by confuciusism follower.

In facts, Confucius are force to exile from Ru Kingdom after the political murdering. The Ru King are given a hint to reject Confucius from governing. During the exile(Confuciusism rephrase it "touring around the kingdom" &#21608;&#28216;&#21015;&#22269; ), Confucius are not welcomed, some kingdom even forbid Confucius from entering the kingdom border. sltan


 * The above also now appears in the article. I'm going to try and make it more understandable to English readers.  If no one objects to my version in the next few days, I'll replace the main article text with this:


 * When Confucius held the post of highest officer in Ru Kingdom, the Ru King, Sau-Zhen-Mau (&#23569;&#27491;&#21359;) issued an arrest order for Confucius with five ambiguous reasons: 1. Having a rebellious mind, 2. Behaving awkwardly and refusing corrections, 3. Talking nonsense, 4. Recording that bad thing and spreading the news, 5. Support of wicked act. (&#65297;.&#24515;&#36870;&#32780;&#38505; &#65298;.&#34892;&#36767;&#32780;&#22362; &#65299;.&#35328;&#20266;&#32780;&#36777; &#65300;. &#35760;&#19985;&#32780;&#21338; &#65301;.&#39034;&#38750;&#32780;&#27901;). These political accusations are widely denied by followers of Confucianism.


 * In fact, Confucius was forced to exile from Ru Kingdom after the political accusations. The Ru King hinted that Confucius should be barred from governing. During the exile (called "touring around the kingdom" &#21608;&#28216;&#21015;&#22269; in Confucianism), Confucius was not welcomed; some kingdoms even forbid Confucius from crossing their borders.


 * -- A D Monroe III 20:31, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)


 * I've just edited your version, and inserted it into the article (I hope that that's OK). There's nothing ambiguous about the reasons given for his arrest, though the last two are too obscure for me to attempt making sense of them, so they still need work. Mel Etitis ( &Mu;&epsilon;&lambda; &Epsilon;&tau;&eta;&tau;&eta;&sigmaf; ) 10:02, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)


 * It's OK. I assumed the abiguity was the lack of mention of specific incidents, but it could be a poor translation, as you say.  Also, I'm assuming Sau-Zhen-Mau was the Ru King.  I'll try and research this, but my sources are scant.  -- A D Monroe III 12:40, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)


 * I suppose that we could add that the reasons given were vague (though that's pretty obvious...). I didn't omit Ru because I disagreed that he was the Ru king, but because it's an odd way of expressing that fact(normally, of course: King of Ru), and because in the context the qualifier seemed superfluous.


 * Incidentally, I have so little expertise in Chinese that it might as well be discounted altogether, so I'd be grateful if anyone here with such expertise could look at the article that I've just started on Wang fu-zi, especially with an eye to making the Romanisations consistent. I'm aware that they're not (I took them from sources using different systems), but I don't want to risk bungling the changeover. Mel Etitis ( &Mu;&epsilon;&lambda; &Epsilon;&tau;&eta;&tau;&eta;&sigmaf; ) 15:33, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)


 * Sorry for the confusion about the fact on Sau-Zhen-Mao. Perhaps I should make the facts straigh : i)Confucius holding the post of higher officer. ii) Confucius issue an order to arrest and execute Sau-Zhen-Mao(who disagree with him)

using ambiguity reason iii) Sau-Zhen-Mao is a respected person in Ru Kingdom. iv) The Ru King are not happy with Confucius idea of executing Sau-Zhen-Mao v)During a annual ritual, Ru King refuse to distribute the sacred meat to Confucius, a hint of diapproval to Confucius. --sltan


 * Thanks for your comments; I've amended the passage in line with them. Could you check to make sure that I haven't made another mistake? Mel Etitis ( &Mu;&epsilon;&lambda; &Epsilon;&tau;&eta;&tau;&eta;&sigmaf; ) 11:48, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Posthumous Names
&#33267;&#32854; or &#20808;&#24107; is seldom used alone. &#20808;&#24107; means 'Teacher who passed away', not 'the First Teacher'. --Simonking11 07:52, 28 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Agree! pourfemme

Removed == ==

This part below has been added in a dedicated § but should be merged, if valuable, in "Life". gbog 04:28, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

Confucius' Political Exile

When Confucius held the post of the highest officer in Lu, he issued an arrest and execution order for Sau-Zhen-Mau (少正卯), a respected person in Lu. The order gave five rather vague reasons: 1. Having a rebellious mind, 2. Behaving awkwardly and refusing corrections, 3. Talking nonsense, 4. Recording a bad event and spreading the news, 5. Support of wicked acts. (１.心逆而险 ２.行辟而坚 ３.言伪而辩 ４. 记丑而博 ５.顺非而泽). (Note, however, that this accusation of judicial murder has been denied by Confucius' admirers.)

The King of Lu was unhappy at this abuse of power, and during an annual ritual he refused to distribute the sacred meat to Confucius, a strong indication of disapproval. In fact, Confucius was forced into exile from Lu after these accusations. During his exile (called “touring the kingdoms” 周游列国 in Confucianism), Confucius was not widely welcomed; some kingdoms even forbade him to cross their borders.

??
This ?? was very hard to ??, mostly because of all the ??. If you don't know what you're ?? about, then don't bother to ?? it. This ?? seriously needs lots of ??, as I learned very few IMPORTANT facts about Confucius (??). Someone who actually knows what (s)he's ?? about, please do a major edit on this ??

Possible stealth vandalism
An anon changed:

"hey hey!

"When Confucius held the post of the highest officer in Lu, he issued an arrest and execution order for Shao-Zheng-Mao (少正卯), a respected person in Lu."

Could be a legit spelling fix, could be stealth vandalism. Somebody who actually can tell the difference might want to take a look. crazyeddie 00:32, 14 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Shao-Zheng-Mao uses the Hanyu Pinyin standard romanization, and I don't know which romanization is Sau-Zhen-Mau in, it is not in Wade-Giles or Gwoyeu Romatzyh--Skyfiler 00:46, 14 December 2005 (UTC).

Removed a minor vandalism ("One of original members of Massachuset's Most Wanted") - have put it on my Watch Page KDLarsen 11:54, 6 January 2006 (UTC)

Plato
I feel Plato must be referenced, their proposals for an organized Meritocratic Republic and Socratic exploration are exactly the same. Please mention Plato (perhapse even in a sub-header, if possible). IdeArchos 04:23, 7 February 2006 (UTC)


 * Their ideas certainly aren't "exactly the same"; there are similarities, but many dissimilarities (not least in their methodology, including use (or non-use) of argument and analysis). Simply placing Plato and Platonism without discussion in the "see also" section is at best obscure, at worst original research.  If you have a source that explicitly compares them, a section could be added referring to it.  I'll look at what I have available. --Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 09:45, 7 February 2006 (UTC)


 * No I do not, sorry. I was hoping someone else did. --IdeArchos 06:03, 8 February 2006 (UTC)

Copyedit needed?
It looks just fine to me. Does anyone think it's all right to remove the tag yet? -63.229.27.236 01:37, 13 March 2006 (UTC)


 * Well, it still contains odd English like "While Confucius grew up, lǐ (礼 [禮]) referred to three aspects of life". It also needs bringing into line with the MoS in many respects.  I'll overhaul it as soon as I get time. --Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 09:49, 13 March 2006 (UTC)

I would remove the tag, I think it's exaggerated. I also think the "ethics" section should not use 'li', 'yi' and 'ren' as if they where English words. The section at the moment is confusing, so I suggest an English translation is used. Piet 23:29, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

article flow
am i missing something here? from the history/biography section:


 * Confucius was not widely welcomed; some kingdoms even forbade him to cross their borders. Confucius' descendants were repeatedly identified and honored by successive imperial governments.

huh? when did he go from being despised to being revered? Bueller 007 23:24, 22 April 2006 (UTC)

Table
I'm not sure what's causing the table to stretch, but can someone please fix it? -- Visviva 07:15, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Never mind, it was just missing a carriage return. Although I'm fairly sure there must be a more elegant way to format it. -- Visviva 07:28, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

It is not proper to say the contemporary Taiwan Kong family which associate with flour industry with confucians artical.

AD / CE
Per WP:DATE, it is neccesary to use only one method of dating notation per article. This means that there shall not be a split usage of BC, BCE, CE, and AD. Only AD/BC or CE/BCE should be used within one article space. When I arrived at this article, it used both BC and BCE. Though BCE was used mainly in the opening paragraphs, BC was used later in the article (this is before my edits). In accordance with the above Manual of Style excerpt I provided, only one is acceptable. Since I cannot single-handedly decide which era notation is to be used, it is customary (see Jesus) that both era notations be placed as neutrality until a consensus can be made on one era usage. Now if someone simply reverts my latest edit, this is a violation of the MOS; if someone simply reverts my edits and replaces all the "BC"'s with "BCE", that is again against Wikipedia standards as we need to arrive at consensus prior to a decision. I invite all to discuss which notation shall be used below. &mdash; C RAZY `( IN )`S ANE 18:34, 28 May 2006 (UTC)


 * Oh great, a Wikilawyer. Mind you, if you'd explained your edit when you first made it, then it wouldn't have been reverted. --Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 20:47, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

Discussion of Era notations

 * Discuss here.


 * The article has nothing to do with Christianity, and most modern academic and other serious texts use the BCE/CE form. For reasons of NPoV and good practice, it should be BCE/CE. --Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 20:47, 28 May 2006 (UTC)


 * With your logic, "This article has nothing to do with Christianity", then we aught not use the BCE/CE system either. For apon visiting the link "Common Era", you'll see that in the first paragraph it is mentioned that this method of numbering is based on the birthdate of Jesus Christ. Besides, WP:DATE, from the Manual of Style, indicates that BCE/CE is not at all superior to BC/AD in Wikipedia standards. Both styles are completely acceptable and Wikipedia does not assume the BC/AD is associated any further with Christianity than BCE/CE (likely because they are both equally associated with the religion). Until another religious-neutral era (i.e. - the "Beginning of the Earth Era" or similar) can be formed, deceptive language such as "BCE/CE" should not be used to pretend we aren't dividing time by the birth of Jesus Christ.. &mdash; C RAZY `( IN )`S ANE 21:50, 28 May 2006 (UTC)


 * I'll agree with your reasoning, though half-heartedly, Mel. There are plenty of articles (indeed ALL articles before the creation of "BCE") having nothing to do with Christianity which use "BC" in their dates. "BCE" has always rubbed me the wrong way because it's the same calendar, but just euphemistically avoids mentioning "Christ." That said, this article is about a subject outside of Western civilization. If it's not going to use the Chinese calendar (which would be absurd in an English-language source), BCE seems the way to go. -- Rizzleboffin 21:23, 28 May 2006 (UTC)
 * That's just the thing, though, Rizzleboffin. Those outside Western civilization have no idea that "BCE/CE" exists. That's because there is no "politically correct movement" (as I'll call it) outside the West. If anything, the only articles that should use "BCE/CE" are articles concerning Judaism, due to the fact that Jews created the "BCE/CE" terminology and there are plenty of Jews in the West, also that Judaism predates Christianity and strongly agrees that Jesus existed and was a Jew, yet strongly disagrees that Jesus was God. "BCE/CE" is, IMO, a plainly stupid euphemistic means of covering up the birth of Christ as our time dividing line (as you mentioned), and should not be used seriously in encyclopedic (Wikipedian) contexts. &mdash; C RAZY `( IN )`S ANE 21:50, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

Ah, it was the Jews... The BCE/CE system is used in most respectable modern academic publications; the notion that it's not fit for use in Wikipedia needs to be defended more cogently than it has been here. To be honest, this debate has been had so many times it tires me too much to get heavily involved. I'm interested to see, though, that CrazyInSane's claim that he changed the system in the article only because there was inconsistency has been rapidly discarded in favour of his true motive. --Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 21:58, 28 May 2006 (UTC)
 * BC/AD is still used in most respectable modern academic publications. The few instances whereas BCE/CE may have replaced BC/AD may have convinced you that it is so widespread. &mdash; C RAZY `( IN )`S ANE 22:14, 28 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes. Allow me to bump up the strength of my recommendation for "BCE" a couple notches, Mel. -- Rizzleboffin


 * Regardless of what your opinion of my motives is, it is clear that the Wikipedian Manual of Style asserts that BCE/CE and BC/AD should not be randomly splattered throughout an article (again, see WP:DATE), and thus the previous version of this article which upheld both BC and BCE randomly through the article, is unacceptable. The comment I made above may have been a bit emotionally charged but does not change the fact that there must be consensus on either one notation, or to use both with every mention of a year (i.e. - 43 BC/BCE). My favor of BC/AD is a co-incidence, for this article had usage of "BC" prior to my arrival. &mdash; C RAZY `( IN )`S ANE 22:12, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

cantonese
i know that china went through a transformation after a certain dynasty to speak mandarin and it seems that during the time confucious lived, china was not speaking mandarin. did he speak cantonese?


 * see History of the Chinese language

Contradicts itself
Quote:

The King of Lu was unhappy at this abuse of power, and during an annual ritual, he refused to distribute the sacred meat to Confucius, a strong indication of disapproval. In fact, Confucius was forced into exile from Lu after these accusations. During his exile (called “touring the kingdoms” (Traditional Chinese: 周遊列國; Simplified Chinese: 周游列国; pinyin: zhōuyóu lièguó) in Confucianism), Confucius was not widely welcomed; some kingdoms even forbade him to cross their borders.

This saying is erroneous, the sacred meat was not distributed at all, this is result of the Zhou duke simply being lazy to do so. The idea that Confucius was exile is a totally modern idea made up by Anti- Confucianists, all historical records shows that he exits the nation because he has given up hope for the Lu Ruler. The fact that Confucius returns to Lu during his last days is prove that he was not exiled.

Confucius was widely welcomed in most nations, he was offered office posistions in many of the States. Wei state for example, offered him the same post and salary as he was in Lu.

End Quote.

Articles should not disagree with themselves. Plese determine which of these is the correct version and replace the incorrect one. Not certain, but the second reads like vandalism, "...totally modern idea made up by Anti- Confucianists...".

Either way, one must be incorrect and they should not both appear on the same page.

--CairoTasogare 23:40, 14 July 2006 (UTC)

Mandate of Heaven? HOW???
The "Mandate of Heaven" concept wasn't around until the Zhou dynasty, which didn't exist until ~1200 years after the time of Confucius. Yet, the second paragraph of the "Teachings" section claims he wanted to restore the Mandate of Heaven. Please: Explain how this is possible; then change the page because it doesn't make sense.

The Zhou dynasty lasted from c.1100 BCE to 256 BCE. What the heck are you talking about?

He is confusing the First Zhou dynasty with the other one established by the only female emperor in Chinese history. Dynasty names got reused all the time. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 218.102.203.34 (talk) 16:43, 10 January 2008 (UTC)

Odd sections
There were some rather unsuitable comments made in the article; They read like rebuttals and were made by anon 219.75.20.14. I dont know the validity of these unsourced objections, so i'll move them here, copying the paragraphs preceeding them. The objections were indented(and still are). --CAD6DEE2E8DAD95A (hello!) 20:46, 17 July 2006 (UTC)

Begin dump

This has been interpreted as an act of judicial murder, an accusation which has been denied by Confucius' admirers. However, in the book "The sayings of Confucius" by Tsai Chih Chung from Taiwan, Lu was a Councelor who created political trouble for Lu.


 * This was not recorded in any books until XunZi, which is not a book of history. The first historical record of this incident is in ShiJi, over 300 years since it happen. If we accept this incident as true, we might as well take the records of legendary ancient rulers like HuangDi and ShenNong as true.
 * One reason why records of this incident is problematic is because the law of Zhou Dynasty at that time does not allow an officer to kill another, regardless of Rank. Not to mention that ShiJi contains errors about the incident, according to timeline of other nations record in ShJi itself, Confucius should be in Wei or Chen nation when he supposedly killed Shao Zheng Mao

The King of Lu was unhappy at this abuse of power, and during an annual ritual, he refused to distribute the sacred meat to Confucius, a strong indication of disapproval. In fact, Confucius was forced into exile from Lu after these accusations. During his exile (called “touring the kingdoms” in Confucianism), Confucius was not widely welcomed; some kingdoms even forbade him to cross their borders.


 * This saying is erroneous, the sacred meat was not distributed at all, this is result of the Zhou duke simply being lazy to do so. The idea that Confucius was exile is a totally modern idea made up by Anti- Confucianists, all historical records shows that he exits the nation because he has given up hope for the Lu Ruler. The fact that Confucius returns to Lu during his last days is prove that he was not exiled.


 * Confucius was widely welcomed in most nations, he was offered office posistions in many of the States. Wei state for example, offered him the same post and salary as he was in Lu.

End dump

What is this?
At the end of the section discussing Confucius' life, there is a line that says "He was never a God". What is that supposed to mean?


 * I don't think it was meant to mean anything, its probably some random comment from a shared ip and it has been removed from the article. Nic tan33 08:10, 21 September 2006 (UTC)


 * In China, the greatest and respectable people will be "thought" to be in the heaven and join the party of gods. The idea of heaven in China is quite different. You should imagine people in heaven will live forever, have abilities that human does not have, which just like the god, and they will intervene human affairs. For example, Guan Yu is a very poplular god in Chinese society, which respect as the god of "military"(武). Concious, on the other hand, is repspected as a god of "knowledge"(文). There is temple that set up to worship Concious.


 * And gods in the heaven can be divided into two kind. One kind is that created by human, which does not have any history record in the world. The second kind is oringinally a human, but after his death, he become a god. Confucius of course is the second kind. knucle--137.189.246.184 16:54, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

Objectivity...
75.20.235.82 06:04, 4 October 2006 (UTC) Within the article I read this line "This is why his teachings need to be examined and put into context for access by Westerners, who clearly are unsubtle." I can't read this line in any other way except one which is unobjective. Am I missing it's meaning? It comes off as a denigration, but more importantly it is very clearly POV if I catch it's meaning.

zi in pin yin
The character zi does not relate to Kong Fu Zi(s) family name. It just means Master, in the same way Lao Zi is the Old Master, or Meng Zi means Master Meng, or Xun Zi mean Master Xun.

Or at least that is my understanding.

George Anderson


 * Yes, Zi is used to replace a person's name to show respect to him. The article say Confucius's Ancestral name is Zi is a terrible mistake. knucle--137.189.246.184 17:05, 12 December 2006 (UTC)


 * I have read the Family name section above. And it is true that Confucius' family is once have the 姓 of 子, but it is no longer true when come to Confucius. And few people will mention this when speaking Confucius, except when tracing back his ancestors. knucle--137.189.246.184 17:26, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

Minor edit to "Further Reading"
In the subsection on "Further Reading," under "Readings in Classical Chinese Philosophy," I corrected the publisher, corrected the co-editors names and listed the revised edition. I also changed the reference to Slingerland's partial Analects translation in Readings in Classical Chinese Philosophy to Slingerland's complete translation. Bryan12603 18:09, 17 October 2006 (UTC)bryan12603

Cultural depictions of Confucius
I've started an approach that may apply to Wikipedia's Core Biography articles: creating a branching list page based on in popular culture information. I started that last year while I raised Joan of Arc to featured article when I created Cultural depictions of Joan of Arc, which has become a featured list. Recently I also created Cultural depictions of Alexander the Great out of material that had been deleted from the biography article. Since cultural references sometimes get deleted without discussion, I'd like to suggest this approach as a model for the editors here. Regards,  Durova  16:55, 18 October 2006 (UTC)


 * Absolutely. We should do this for other biographical articles such as Yi Sun-shin, which has a popular culture section completely scribbled with game references. (Wikimachine 22:11, 21 October 2006 (UTC))

Ethics
I feel quite odd when reading this section. And I try to point out them here.

"The Confucian theory of ethics is based on three important concepts"
 * I think not that simple. The centroid concept is 仁. Other concepts like 義, 禮, 忠, 恕 etc are concepts that construct or show 仁. And besides this, there are much more, like 孝悌, 君子與小人.

"While Confucius grew up, lǐ referred to the three aspects of life"
 * Is it "while he grew up" means "at the time of Confucius living"?

"Confucius argued that it flowed not from heaven but from humanity."
 * I never heard this. Is there any quotation to prove this? I only know Confucius said 禮 should be shown with the heart of 仁.

"An example of living by yì is how one must mourn one's father and mother for three years after their death."
 * This is an example of 孝

"Just as lǐ flows out of yì, so yì flows out of rén (仁)."
 * More accurately, 禮 is the proper way of how to show 仁. 義 is the moral standard that generated by 仁.

"To live by rén was even better than living by the rules of yì."
 * This is said by Lao Zi as I remember

"To live by rén one used another Confucian version of the Golden Rule: he argued that one must always treat others just as one would want others to treat you. Virtue under Confucius is based upon harmony with other people."
 * Where this golden rule comes from? Is it just some simple conclusion?

"What one does not wish for oneself, one ought not to do to anyone else; what one recognises as desirable for oneself, one ought to be willing to grant to others." (Confucius and Confucianism, Richard Wilhelm)
 * The former one is true. But the latter not really.

"Have no friends not equal to yourself."
 * "Similar" will be better translation than "equal".

"When anger arises, think of the consequences" (Confucius).

"Life is really simple, but men insist on making it complicated." (Confucius).

"Before you embark on a journey of revenge, dig two graves."

"It does not matter how slow you go so long as you do not stop."

"Everything has beauty but not everyone sees it."

"Forget injuries, never forget kindnesses."

"The only constant is change."

"To see what is right and not to do is want of courage."
 * And lastly what are these quotes' originally meanings in Chinese? I have never heard something similar.

Teachings and Teachings
Reading through this article, it seems like the contents of "Teachings" and "Philosophy" are largely the same. I propose to have one "Philosophy" section with subsections outlining the basis of Confucianism in Confucius' life, and other subsections discussing how it changed over time and was changed by others. Thoughts? --Danaman5 22:51, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

These sections are not the same, The section "teachings" tells readers how Confucius' way of teaching; "philosophy" tells what Confucius' idea about a ideal world he would like and how to achieves it. And this article focuses on what the Confucius is, the philosophy changed by other should be category of Confucianism instead of here, I think. --Peachwa &amp; Neversay (talk) 18:40, 18 January 2007 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 08:53, 19 April 2016 (UTC)

Failed GA
The Notes are all broken. They consist of links back to the article, except in some cases where what was apparently intended to be linked to appears as a second part.

No consistent usage of BC/BCE.

Most references are to The Analects, which is not a reliable source. This is like referencing the Bible to support a claim that Jesus walked on water. --Ideogram 15:59, 10 March 2007 (UTC)


 * I would like to develop a plan for further improving this article. Anyone else what to work on this? Sunray 20:23, 31 March 2007 (UTC)

this article
don't highlight so many of the words because then it gets hard to read. Ok —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.85.29.252 (talk) 16:03, 15 December 2007 (UTC)   KATIE ROCKS♥♥♥♥

BBC Reith Lectures on Confucious
Don't know if they're of interest to anyone. -- John (Daytona2 · Talk ·  Contribs) 09:33, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

"Confucius wing"
"Confucius wing" needs to be mentioned in the Confucius. -Sneaky Oviraptor18 (talk) 20:32, 24 June 2008 (UTC)

Aren't References Supposed to be traceable
Why are NONE of the references traceable? Isn't the whole purpose of having a reference so that the reader can obtain or verify information? Out of the 1st 15 I randomly tried not a single one works or is locatable... Normally references could refer to other documents cited in the article, however in this case, none of the articles appear to be cited with the exception of 2? Stevenmitchell (talk) 23:14, 24 December 2008 (UTC)

厩焚. 子退朝，曰：“伤人乎？”“不. ”问马.
厩焚. 子退朝，曰：“伤人乎？”不. 问马. should be chapter 10 verse 17 instead of 11 under the section "teachings" ASAP "不" and "否" are different writting forms of the same word. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.200.136.44 (talk) 07:23, 28 December 2008 (UTC) 165.21.155.72 (talk) 10:36, 27 April 2008 (UTC)hongsy

Don't be confused
On the top it says don't be confused with confusion, is this a joke or is it supposed to be like that? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.233.228.235 (talk) 22:53, 16 December 2008 (UTC)

Added by Hakseng: I agree with the previous poster - is there really any danger that anybody is going to confuse those two terms? If not, then why do we need the hatnote? It just looks plain silly!

@ lightsup55: I do know what a hatnote is for (although I never knew it was called that - thanks :-)). I'd also err on the side of caution, but seriously - who's going to get this mixed up? Following the logic, we'd have to add 'coiffeuse', and somebdoy better add 'confusion' to 'cold fusion' ... you never know who's forgotten his reading glasses today :-)

BTW: I'm psyched the article is semiprotected now - I remember coming here to edit the random vandalism out only to find it put back in the next day. Semiprotecting works! —Preceding unsigned comment added by Hakseng (talk • contribs) 01:00, 14 January 2009 (UTC)


 * Hakseng: You can request for page protection at Requests for page protection (or WP:RfPP for short) and an administrator will protect it (if a valid reason is given to do so). --Lightsup55 ( T | C ) 06:20, 14 January 2009 (UTC)


 * Lightsup55: Thanks, that's good to know! --Hakseng (talk) 03:08, 15 January 2009 (UTC)

Translation
Would you say its proper to include an external link to a fully translated Spanish version of the Analects? @ www.confucionismo.com/analectas

Thx--Bernini2 (talk) 23:20, 25 April 2009 (UTC)

Confucianism in Action
Can somebody explain how Confucius' philosophy describes the causes that lay behind the violence, war and chaos of his time, and any sort of practical ways he proposed to resolve or cope with these problems? And how do his ideas on this subject differ from those of the Daoists, such as Zhuangzi? Thanks. 68.181.230.101 19:40, 23 September 2007 (UTC)

According to Confucius, the root of the trouble was the failure of propriety in the family. Confucius felt that is roles could be properly defined acted out, the world would be well governed. This is often referred to as rectifying names. This process must begin in the home as the child learns to behave from the example of the parents. If the parent acts as a parent and teaches the child what is expected, the child will grow up normally. Children will then be able to act appropriately in society in relation to superiors, friends and spouses. The heart of this is self-restraint.

Taoists generally beleive that the root of social unrest is grasping and greed. Confucius would not have disagreed, except that Taoists tend to view human society as an arbitrary collection of rules and traditions without substance. They tend to identify Reality with the processes of change observed in nature. While Confucius advocated a kind of ritual propreity, this propriety or Li was intended as an expression of underlying logic as opposed to a set of hollow actions. Taoists often argue against instances of corruption hiding under a good appearance, butn that is not really what Confucius was advocating. Confucius was also aware of the nature of social constructs but believed that without a common frame of reference, human beings could not relate well or even survive. He also thought that social changes were not arbitrary but were either progressive or regressive in terms of human well-being. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.37.30.143 (talk) 23:50, 6 June 2009 (UTC)

Date of birth
I don't beleave that someone could possibly know that Confucius was born at 28th of September.. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.65.212.170 (talk) 22:55, 19 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Me neither. Maybe this is the in Chinese Calender, but some clarification is needed.--Tricia Takanawa (talk) 16:19, 27 September 2009 (UTC)

Needs Media section
This article needs a Media section, there are at least two Confucius film articles here on Wikipedia. One from 1940 and the other from 2009, and a 16 episode cctv series as well which is now on dvd. --68.45.218.70 (talk) 14:48, 9 December 2009 (UTC)

Needs proofreading!
This article is full of grammatical mistakes. Could someone please get it cleaned up? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.65.73.39 (talk) 18:43, 24 December 2009 (UTC)

Add ref
In the politics section there's a quote about shame. Here's the source of it: http://afpc.asso.fr/wengu/wg/wengu.php?l=Lunyu&rl=Lunyu&no=19 It would be nice were it incorporated into the article itself. Thank you. 85.76.37.56 (talk) 16:53, 13 March 2010 (UTC)

Unlock this article
It's a mess and desperately needs work. 85.76.37.56 (talk) 05:27, 14 March 2010 (UTC)


 * The lock is necessary, because this article is a vandal magnet. If you wish to contribute, I suggest you create an account and edit this article using it. _LDS (talk) 05:31, 14 March 2010 (UTC)

Taiwan
I am Starting this discussion to avoid an edit war. If Taiwan is included, then that would imply that Taiwan is separate from China, which would violates NPOV. There have been similar discussions in the past, such as at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:East_Asian_age_reckoning The concusses was to avoid mentioning Taiwan to maintain NPOV. T-1000 (talk) 01:04, 2 May 2010 (UTC)


 * Okay...
 * One: Stating that Confucius has influenced Taiwanese culture does not mean Taiwan is a separate country. It simply means that Confucius has influenced the culture of those living in Taiwan. The sentence does not say "Confucius has influenced many countries such as Korea, Taiwan" etc. It makes no mention of states, sovereignty or anything else.
 * Two: Suggesting Taiwan is a country violates NPOV, but suggesting that they are the same does not? That is where your train of thought directly leads to.
 * Three: Tibetan Buddhism has influenced Tibet more, and in different ways, compared to other Chinese provinces, but of course it is okay to mention this!


 * Thanks. Rothery (talk) 02:53, 2 May 2010 (UTC)


 * One: If Taiwan is a part of China, then Confucius influencing Chinese thought would already include Taiwan. By excluding Taiwan from China you are already taking a side.


 * Two: The article never claims to list all cultures influenced by Confucius to begin with. Singapore is not mentioned, but nobody thinks that Singapore is a part of China


 * Three: The chinese naming convention already discussed Tibet.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_%28Chinese%29

"In particular, some find a distinction between "Chinese" and "Tibetans" or between "Chinese" and "Taiwanese" to be objectionable and the terms "Han Chinese"/"Tibetans" and "Mainland Chinese"/"Taiwanese" are more politically neutral and use will depend on the context. For example, "Mainland Chinese businessmen look forward to meeting their Taiwanese counterparts" is more accurate and acceptable than with the word "Mainland" left out."

T-1000 (talk) 03:14, 2 May 2010 (UTC)


 * Confucius has influenced the culture of Taiwan to a different extent than China. As noted the list does not purport to list countries, merely cultures. These are different. Chinese culture is not equal to Taiwanese culture. Just as Australian culture is not equal to Aboriginal Australian culture.
 * But since Confucianism is quite important to Taiwanese history and culture it is misleading to leave it out. If Singapore has interacted with Confucius thought to a significant and unique extent it should be listed.
 * That does not address my point that it is valid to refer to various regions and cultures, whether they are seen as part of a whole country or not. Rothery (talk) 04:13, 2 May 2010 (UTC)
 * You claim that Taiwanese culture and Chinese Culture are not the same, but that is only your point of view. There is the POV that Taiwanese culture is part of Chinese Culture. There is even the POV that Taiwan is the real China. With all these different POV, the NPOV policy does not allow us to take side, or to describe one POV as fact. T-1000 (talk) 04:35, 2 May 2010 (UTC)

Vandalism
I agree with the discussion (titled 'Vandalism?') at the top. Plus, I think that the 'Notes' section of the Confucius article has been vandalised too. I tried editing it, but the text won't appear for some reason. Could somebody throw a little light on the situation? RuthW 13:16, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

Confucius say Ari Gold.... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.22.253.44 (talk) 04:34, 26 May 2010 (UTC)

Descendants
It is actually quite a well-known, accepted fact among genealogists and geneticists, as is mentioned in the references, that Confucius's descendants are THE longest still extant and fully recorded line in the world.

So please don't change to "one of the oldest." Evangeline (talk) 06:14, 31 May 2009 (UTC) -- 114.233.136.109 why were my additions deleted, what's wrong with the detailed info on Con's family and a link to the modern TV series?

—Preceding unsigned comment added by 114.233.137.226 (talk) 02:37, 29 November 2009 (UTC)


 * Confucious shared a common belief with the Roman Catholic Church as he did not believe in birth control. 81.159.180.70 (talk) 02:19, 12 August 2010 (UTC)

In Our Time
Rich Farmbrough, 03:12, 16 September 2010 (UTC).

Why Are the Citations in this Article Nearly Useless?
Whoever has been adding citations to this article have added names only, without any referred texts, dates, pages or anything that is generally used in Wikipedia as a reference... In many instances, the URL referred to is entirely in Chinese - again it is quite useless to anyone reading an English-language encyclopaedia which this is purported to be... Can someone improve on this and add some form of legitimate citations to what has been said here? Otherwise, the article becomes pure speculation and opinion. Stevenmitchell (talk) 17:11, 8 November 2010 (UTC)

Incorrect paragraph
This paragraph at the bottom of "Descendants" is incorrect and should be deleted or revised:

"It is important to note that this only deals with those whose lines of descent are documented historically. Using mathematical models, it is easy to demonstrate that every human being alive today is likely to be a direct descendant of Confucius, even using mathematical models that assume an extremely small amount of cross cultural mating, since any human alive today would have had 1.5 sextillion ancestors alive at the time of Confucius, over a quadrillion times more than the population of the earth at the time, making descent from Confucius a mathematical certainty, even accounting for consanguinity and geographical and cultural barriers, as noted by Yale professor Joseph T. Chang[45]."

The reason this paragraph is wrong is because the "most recent common ancestor" (MRCA) could be any one individual; the chance that that one individual, the MRCA, happens to be Confucius is extremely small. Confucius didn't live far enough back in time to be a part of the "all or nothing" era, in which an individual was either an ancestor of every living human, or of no living human. The "all or nothing" era was quite further back than Confucius (at least 2000 BC, maybe 5000 BC or even further back). Read the referenced article for more details. Confu123 (talk) 05:15, 4 August 2010 (UTC)


 * I agree, and have weakened the claim in line with your comment and what I think is supported by the source:


 * "Note that this only deals with those whose lines of descent are documented historically. Using mathematical models, it is easy to demonstrate that people living today have a much more common ancestry than commonly assumed, so it is likely that many more have Confucius as an ancestor."


 * William MacDougall 05:20, 9 December 2010 (UTC)

Translation Error
In the paragraph which explains Confucius' political views, one of the Confucian quotes 知之為知之，不知為不知，是知也 was translated to "Knowledge is recognizing what you know and what you don't." This is not correct.

In common opinion of the study of ancient Chinese, the character "知" of "是知也" is different from the former four charaters "知". This character "知" is actually a borrowed character to temporarily replace the character "智", which means "wisdom". So the sentences should be translated to "Wisdom is recognizing what you know and what you don't." And this does make better sense. --Grahamiao (talk) 07:19, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

I agree that the "Knowledge is..." wording seems incorrect. Edited as suggested above. --SimonFlummox (talk) 14:54, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

Illegitimate Birth
The Records of the Grand Historian Shiji flatly state that Confucius was born as a result of a "wild union" between Shu Lianghe and a woman surnamed Yan. The Shiji makes absolutely no mention of a marriage, ceremonially defective or otherwise.

The Shiji's author, Sima Qian, remains famous after more than 2000 years for calling a spade a spade, rather than a metaphorical digging implement. Sima Qian clearly revered Confucius, but did not allow his feelings to interfere with the factual account based on the best evidence he found. Earlier edits mentioning a "marriage" that was deficient under traditional notions of ceremony (li) may be due to a misreading of the cited Chinese source. In fact, only the words rendered in blue are the actual Shiji - those in purple are (much) later commentaries.

Other editors have - correctly - pointed out that the Shiji was written hundreds of years after Confucius own time. There are, of course, countless (later) hagiographic versions of Confucius' birth, but it would be slipshod to attribute these accounts to Sima Qian himself. If any editor could locate and include a sampling of those alternative accounts (preferably with approximate dates), it would help balance the account.

Psychologically, the stigma of illegitimate birth makes perfect sense of a man whose life was spent considering deep issues of ritual propriety and how human relations should be regulated. WikiFlier (talk) 07:55, 30 April 2011 (UTC)

Comments by MNylan
MNylan came on #wikipedia-en-help, and asked how he could implement the following changes; unfortunately, technical errors meant that he was not able to receive a full explanation. Perhaps someone can judge the content of his suggestions, and implement them if appropriate?

"mnylan: Let me give you one example: Confucius was NEVER said to have authored the Li ji, which is a Han dynasty text produced about 500 years after he died."

I don't know enough about the subject to judge this! DS (talk) 01:00, 16 August 2011 (UTC)

There are numerous factual errors in the Wikipedia essay on Confucius. For example, Confucius was never believed to be the author of the , as this was a Han-dynasty text, written about 600 years after the death of Confucius. For information, see Michael Nylan, , chapter 4. The information also is missing a number of important works relating to Confucius that have come out in recent years, including  authored by Michael Nylan and Thomas Wilson. This essay is not accurate in many details nor complete. It needs much improvement. Mnylan (talk) 00:42, 16 August 2011 (UTC)


 * I am happy to unprotect this for a few days and keep an eye on it - in fact will do so now. Casliber (talk · contribs) 02:13, 16 August 2011 (UTC)

Better to Light a Candle Than to Curse the Darkness
Many sources in the Internet attributes the following quote to Confucius:

"Better to light a candle than to curse the darkness"

Can anyone verify this? What is the original quote in Chinese?

Thank you. (1.0.5.50 (talk) 03:47, 8 February 2012 (UTC))

Reference list is in a bad state
...Especially for such an article. I've just removed every short author-date citation that had no entry in the bibliography; it had been like that since 2008 and those had--for so far I can find--never a bibliography. I'm not sure what to do with the "The Analects 479 BC - 221 BC" references... I'm guessing we can gradually replace those with other literature. I've also seperated the online references for the moment, because with all those tagged citations it would be nice to have some overview of what still has to be done. --Cold Season (talk) 02:12, 25 March 2012 (UTC)

Lousy example

 * 廄焚. 子退朝，曰：“傷人乎？” 不問馬.
 * When the stables were burnt down, on returning from court Confucius said, "Was anyone hurt?" He did not ask about the horses.

is not an example that requires any context or deep interpretation to understand. Anyone have a better one to make the author's point? Surely there must be something about a Duke of Yeah or the third cousin of Lord Wun forgetting to remove his shoes before touching the ancestral tea cozy or something on topic. — LlywelynII  19:48, 25 March 2012 (UTC)

Similarly, a cite is very much needed that Chinese culture itself had anything near as much interest as Western interpreters in a teaching that made Confucius seem to echo Christ. — LlywelynII  19:51, 25 March 2012 (UTC)

Confucius descended from Shang kings
I'm referring to these unilateral edits. Legend should be clearly distinguised from fact (Info from Confucius life having undergone significant revision over time). Info that is not established should state from where it is derived from; "according to whom?". Many of the authors doesn't even state it as fact, but write that "it is said that...". Some even say that it is fabricated/constructed. Besides, this excessive quoting is also major wp:copyvio. This should plainly be removed. --Cold Season (talk) 21:25, 22 May 2012 (UTC)


 * First, I have kept quoting from copyrighted sources to a minimum. Most are one or a few sentences. If that is considered copyvio then remove it. But the page long quotes are from copyright free sources whose copyrights expired 100 years ago. That is not copyvio.


 * Second, it is a fact that Confucius is descended from Shang kings, look at the sources here Family_tree_of_Confucius_in_the_main_line_of_descent.


 * then look at the family tree. Family tree of Confucius in the main line of descent. Are those kings I see on the tree part of my imagination?Greengrenous (talk) 21:36, 22 May 2012 (UTC)


 * Also look at chinese wikipedia -


 * 孔子世家大宗世系 (Ancestors and descendants of Confucius. Shang dynasty kings are included. As is their ancestry up to Huangdi himself. If anything is legendary it is the descent from Huangdi and not from shang dynasty kings)


 * 弗父何


 * 宋国君主世系图 Confucius is on this family tree of Song dukes who were descended from the Shang Kings.


 * Greengrenous (talk) 21:41, 22 May 2012 (UTC)


 * This is not some urban legend like King James descent from Banquo. Unlike some spurious European claims of descents from ancient monarchs, when they cannot provide the names of the missing generations between them and their alleged ancestor, all of Confucius's ancestors to the Song dukes and shang kings are known and documented. You can find this in ancient chinese sources.Greengrenous (talk) 21:53, 22 May 2012 (UTC)


 * (1) Yes, repeatedly quoting whole paragraphs is copyvio in my opinion.
 * (2) No, they are part of the imagination of tradition, which is different from plain fact. Not every thing that is once written down in a historical text should be taken as plain fact. For example... Just like how scholars don't take the "Girls and horses from Qi" explanation of the Shiji as the reason that Confucius left the Lu state as an a fact, but it's rather thought to be derived from tradition. I can cite this.
 * (3) Just like point two, and that article is original research based on solely historical texts without modern analysis. --Cold Season (talk) 21:56, 22 May 2012 (UTC)


 * If you doubt this, then I expect a "citation needed tag" on every single bit of information derived from the writings of Thucydides, Herodotus, Polybius, Tacitus, the Bible and all other ancient writings, and disclaimers saying that they are all made up legend.Greengrenous (talk) 22:02, 22 May 2012 (UTC)


 * That was a statement lacking any substance in my opinion. I'm not interested in those articles. --Cold Season (talk) 22:05, 22 May 2012 (UTC)


 * you need a source that seriously doubts Confucius' descent. I am saying that we use information from ancient text which is considered reliable and not doubted and historians have not suggested that they were fake. If historians think that his ancestry is bull#### they would have written it down. The only reason you can cite the "Girls and horses from Qi" as fake is because a historian suggested that it was fake and wrote it down. There was your source. Where is a source saying that confucius is not descended from shang dynasty kings?


 * In other words I am saying that when we use ancient text, we use what we consider to be uncontroversial information in a normal fashion like we do to other sources. When information is doubted by historians we include that in the text: "historians have suggested that is was forged...". Until you have a source which says they are outright fakes then you can't do that.Greengrenous (talk) 22:11, 22 May 2012 (UTC)


 * I do have modern sources that raises doubt of that descent. Who is talking about forgery of ancient text, I'm not... Who says ancient texts are completely factual towards Confucius, they even contradict one another on many grounds. Modern historians don't just write ancient texts just down, but also analyze instead of mindlessly taking down revisions of history without a critical look. Many of your own sources do it too where they don't present it as just undisputed fact, but you do; there is the source too. --Cold Season (talk) 23:02, 22 May 2012 (UTC)
 * A compromise. I will wait for a third-party to trim your refs and accordingly present your info in a NPOV ("it is said" or something like in your refs). I might add on that section when I feel inclined to do so another time. --Cold Season (talk) 23:22, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

Edit request on 13 September 2012
He is also referred to as Kong Fuzi.

68.42.104.37 (talk) 22:34, 13 September 2012 (UTC)


 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please be more specific about what needs to be changed. This is already mentioned in the article. RudolfRed (talk) 03:12, 14 September 2012 (UTC)

Confucius was Korean nonsense
I've heard and seen many lies about how Koreans claiming Confucius was Korean, first of all, no Korean scholars and Korean government claimed such lies, this claims were originally made up by Japanese/Taiwanese nationalists in attempt to make fun at Korean because Korean culture was deeply influenced and one of very few countries kept traditional learnings of Confucius. Even today there are dedicated schools for learning Confucianism and Korean culture heavily shows some of this elements, particularly dealing with elders in the family. Also, Korea holds some of the oldest temples and heritage sites dedicated to Confucius. However, Japanese and Taiwanese nationalists wanted to use this as Korea was claiming Confucius as "Korean" ethnicity. Which is totally nonsense because all of lies about Korean/Korea recently all have been fabricated & spread by Japanese & Taiwanese nationalists. We should this controversial claims from Japanese/Taiwanese nationalists at main article to show the wikipedia readers about the truths about these lies. --Korsentry 06:22, 26 February 2009 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by KoreanSentry (talk • contribs)

Is there any reason for this touchiness? I just found out Capt. Kirk was Canadian and you don't see me going crazy! Gingermint (talk) 03:37, 4 July 2011 (UTC)

Take that back! Kirk was from Iowa, I'll not have his name dragged through maple syrup and polite rationality. 137.111.13.167 (talk) 05:10, 9 October 2012 (UTC)

copy and paste
I suppose it shouldn't surprise me, but many, many places on the web copy and paste from this article, usually without attribution.


 * Confuciuswww.goodchinese.com/blogs/116Cached


 * Saylor.org's Ancient Civilizations of the World/Confucius and ...en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Saylor.../Confucius_and_ConfucianismCached


 * Everything has Beauty - YouTube


 * What shall we learn from Confucius? | Blog Homewww.ccjk.com/blog/what-shall-we-learn-from-confucius/Cached


 * Amazon.com: Confucius: Books, Biography, Blog, Audiobooks, Kindlewww.amazon.com/Confucius/e/B000AQ07U2Cached


 * Confucius, Gautama Buddha and Socrates the Gretest Philosophers of ...www.english-test.net/forum/ftopic118384.htmlCached


 * Alicesg_SingaporemyhomeVolume2: Haw Par Villa - More Statuesvolume2alicesg.blogspot.com/2012/.../haw-par-villa-more-statues.ht...Cached


 * Interesting Facts About Confucius | Socybertysocyberty.com › PhilosophyCached


 * Confucius: Biography from Answers.comwww.answers.com ›

And that is only a few. Rick Norwood (talk) 14:42, 13 October 2012 (UTC)

Edit request on 12 October 2010
wondering how this works — Preceding unsigned comment added by Lilyoshie (talk • contribs) 17:35, 31 October 2012 (UTC)

typo in third paragraph
The phrase:

"respect of elders by their children (and in traditional interpretations) of husbands by their wives"

should be:

"respect of elders by their children and (in traditional interpretations) of husbands by their wives"

Cccrrraaaiiiggg (talk) 08:05, 12 January 2013 (UTC)

Edit request on 21 April 2013
persahabatan itu seperti aku dan km walaupun kita bda prinsip thumbnail jennifer sahabat baru ak dan akan jd sahabat selamanya kita tuh ada ber 5 vatr yg keperempuan bgt ,rhay yg suka bgt ngeritik org didapnnya lgsung dan zee,suka punya kepridadian masing2 ada satu lg org yg super sk tau yaitu ilo, so kita bahagia dan bs nerima satu sma lain — Preceding unsigned comment added by 139.193.211.247 (talk) 17:22, 21 April 2013 (UTC)

Edit request on 24 August 2013
I'd like to contribute to Wikipedia please accept my edits to Confucius.

Editorzz (talk) 16:03, 24 August 2013 (UTC)
 * You can edit this and other semiprotected articles when your account becomes autoconfirmed. This usually happens when your account is at least 4 days old and you have at least 10 edits.  RudolfRed (talk) 19:37, 24 August 2013 (UTC)

Bold text FEUD WITH CM PUNK

in 2013 cm punk called out Confucius, so he rose from the dead and said "you and me at summerslam". AT THE EVENT CM PUNK WIPED THAT ASS AND SENT HIM BACK TO HIS GRAVE. AND STILL THE WWE CHAMPION CM PUNK!!!!!!!!!!!! CM PUNK STOOD ON THE TURNBUCKLE IN REJOYCS. — Preceding unsigned comment added by CAMERONDENNIS123 (talk • contribs) 21:58, 4 September 2013 (UTC)

Notable descendants of Confucius who need their own articles
Kong Dejun 孔德軍 - 77 generations in descent from Confucius.

He is a Muslim, (Hui people), an Islamic scholar and Arabist and came from Qinghai. He is known for his works on Islam and Arabic in China.

http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-214461-Chinese-student-awarded-PhD-in-Arabic-at-NUML

http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-6-214231-Chinese-awarded-PhD

http://www.newsxs.com/en/go/14434605/The_News_International_Pakistan/

http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-349568989.html

http://www.nation.com.pk/islamabad/14-Nov-2013/chinese-student-awarded-phd-degree-in-arabic

http://www.brecorder.com/general-news/172/1253596/

http://www.brecorder.com/money-a-banking/198/1253596/?tmpl=component&print=1&layout=default&page=

Kong Dejun's works

History of arabic in china

http://journal-archieves36.webs.com/219-225.pdf

Translations from arabic islamic works to chinese

http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/4726571

Quran translation

https://web.archive.org/web/20140112040315/http://www.taobao-buying-agent.net/item/genuine-new-the-koran-note-arab-ibn-kai-xier-with-kong-dejun-translated-15159704358.html

http://www.taobao-buying-agent.net/item/genuine-new-the-koran-note-arab-ibn-kai-xier-with-kong-dejun-translated-15159704358.html

http://fi.taobao-buying-agent.net/item/genuine-new-the-koran-note-arab-ibn-kai-xier-with-kong-dejun-translated-15159704358.html http://hu.taobao-buying-agent.net/item/genuine-new-the-koran-note-arab-ibn-kai-xier-with-kong-dejun-translated-15159704358.html http://es.taobao-buying-agent.net/item/genuine-new-the-koran-note-arab-ibn-kai-xier-with-kong-dejun-translated-15159704358.html

http://www.ibuyla.com/index.php?s=%2FCategory%2F50004910%2FIslam&p=1

Muslim Hui descendants of Confucius

看了这篇帖子肝儿疼：孔子回族后裔采访录(转载）中华文化吧 百度贴吧

http://tieba.baidu.com/p/2293458790

孔德军 百度百科

http://baike.baidu.com/subview/4119041/9235733.htm

Other Hui descendants. Kong Lingyu

http://anthrocivitas.net/forum/showthread.php?t=4720

http://img1.qq.com/news/pics/10037/10037950.jpg

Ma Li Gu

http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-6-221920-NUML-scholar-completes-PhD-in-Arabic

05:18, 30 January 2014 (UTC)

http://www.china.org.cn/china/features/content_16696029_3.htm

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/6230959/Confucius-family-tree-unveiled.html

04:45, 13 March 2014 (UTC)

http://www.ahwang.cn/djkd/20140925/1390743.shtml

Semi-protected edit request on 5 November 2015
Please insert a reference to the following article: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1288392, which regards a comparison between Legalism and Confucianism and their impact on Chinese politics and institutions, at the end of the first paragraph of the 'Politics' subsection of the 'Philosophy' section.

91.182.199.7 (talk) 12:55, 5 November 2015 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format. Mdann52 (talk) 19:32, 28 November 2015 (UTC)

Article Name
The article should be renamed K'ung Fu Tzu with a redirect from Confucious. Otherwise we would be perpetuating European colonialism. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.63.194.124 (talk) 22:47, 2 August 2016 (UTC)

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Historical inaccuracies
There exist misleading historical inaccuracies in the "legacy" section, namely:

"When the Confucian advisers pressed their point, Li Si had many Confucian scholars killed and their books burned—considered a huge blow to the philosophy and Chinese scholarship."

Li Si played no part in the killing of the Confucian Scholars; sure, the laws that he proposed were harsh due to the fact that he hailed from the school of legalism,but that doesn't mean he advocated the killings of confucian scholars. History records, such as "Han Shu" and "Shi Ji" all unanimously states that the reason the Qin emperor executed these Confucian scholars was due to the fact that most of them were unable to deliver the promise of immortality that he longed for, that was the real breaking point which led the Emperor to execute 460 Confucian scholars.

The book-burning incident though, was the handiwork of Li Si. But even then, according to the Royal Edict stated in Shi Ji by Sima Qian, Emperor Qin prohibits private collections of all non-legalist books among the public, except books which relates divination and also books about farming techniques. Be that as it may, if we were to read the Royal edict, even though he prohibits and advocated the burning of non-legalist books, he had a copy of all the books that was to be burned well-kept in the imperial library. Modern Chinese Historians agrees that the real damage that was made towards Chinese philosophy and scholarships was when Xiang Yu burned the Qin Palace, therefore resulting in the destructions of countless Chinese legacies from the past.

121.121.46.210 (talk) 08:28, 15 December 2016 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 20 February 2017
Confucius is very wrong!!!! :/ 113.28.166.225 (talk) 03:36, 20 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format.  JTP (talk • contribs) 03:46, 20 February 2017 (UTC)

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China
I will build a great great wall Mexico will pay for that wall. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.201.38.130 (talk) 21:29, 21 September 2017 (UTC)

Property
"When the stables were burnt down, on returning from court Confucius said, "Was anyone hurt?" He did not ask about the horses. Analects X.11 (tr. Waley), 10–13 (tr. Legge), or X-17 (tr. Lau)" Are there reliable sources to connect the horrible treatment of animals contemporarily to the treatment of non-human animals in the Confucian sphere of influence. Yogesh Khandke (talk) 12:40, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

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Confucius exile
This subsection of this article is in desperate need of sourcing. Can somebody who's more experienced and an expert in his life do that for me. Also I feel that this section only briefly mentions the states he went to during his exile but no details or stories are ever given. — Preceding unsigned comment added by EdwardElric2016 (talk • contribs) 04:06, 18 February 2018 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 24 April 2018
I would like to add a new external link, which is a MOOC in Coursera titled "Explorations in Confucian Philosophy" (https://www.coursera.org/learn/confucian-philosophy) as it provides some in-depth discussions on Confucius' teaching. SiangHweeLee (talk) 07:17, 24 April 2018 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: This is information for an online credit course, and while MOOC's may offer information for free (if you register), I'm not particularly sure that even in an article with a dire need for sources that this is the way to go for the External Links section. 0.70em 07:31, 24 April 2018 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 15 June 2018
was also a well known TV and film actor, with multiple roles in hit shows including Seinfeld, How I Met Your Mother and Avatar. 2001:8003:A080:3E00:E5B5:7563:922E:6ED (talk) 00:49, 15 June 2018 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: — IVORK Discuss 03:07, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

Incorrect translation of "Kǒng Fūzǐ" (孔夫子) into Master Kong
孔夫子 does not mean Master Kong. Fūzǐ (夫子) is an old term describing a male and is typically used from middle age onwards. A more correct english equivalent would simply be Mister Kong. Fūzǐ does have connotation towards a scholarly being or merely an educated scholar, but none of these meanings justify using the English word Master. — Preceding unsigned comment added by LemonCitron (talk • contribs) 03:24, 5 January 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 16 February 2019
{{subst:trim|1=Kong zi is smart --


 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: This is not a request to edit the article. Gulumeemee (talk) 07:39, 17 February 2019 (UTC)

Desiderata
I'd appreciate a section that discusses the primary sources for Confucius' life. Beyond the Analects, maybe a section in Sima Qian's Records, & numerous anecdotes of C. debating various hermits (including Lao Tzu), I know of no sources for his life. This would allow readers to decide for themselves just how much there is to know about this influential teacher. -- llywrch (talk) 15:03, 21 August 2019 (UTC)

Historicity of Confucious
This biography of Confucious in this article is very weak. There is no clear reference to the main ancient sources for Confucious’ life, or review of the relative reliability of those sources (this doesn’t have to be original research—I am sure the topic has been covered thoroughly in reliable modern literature). This contrasts starkly with other similar figures (e.g. Buddha, or Pythagoras) where the article is clear that most ancient sources are not contemporary, but also that a body of tradition has built up, some of which may be reliable. This is out of my area of expertise, but it would be good if someone could edit the biography section. I found a much more useful (though poorly referenced) article here: https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/philosophy-and-religion/buddhism-biographies/confucius DrJonJ (talk) 19:44, 30 December 2019 (UTC)

Silver rule
I removed the claim that a citation is needed here. Self-evidently this is the logical inverse, and the article silver rule gives a cite to Carl Sagan referring to it as such. Imaginatorium (talk) 06:33, 18 July 2015 (UTC)

Thanks to for a thoughtful edit that replaced "Golden Rule" with "Silver Rule." But I reverted the recent edit because the link is to the article "Golden Rule," which does not mention "SIlver Rule." I would be happy to see someone add a referenced mention of SR to the GR article and to add a mention of SR someplace in this Confucius article. This would enrich both articles since a quick Google search on "Confucius and Silver Rule" (here) shows that this is an interesting point that I do not have time to pursue. So I would simply request that a mention of SR be added only if some explanation is included. (This is not quite the same as marking SR with unreferenced, so simply adding a reference to a mention in the lead would not be quite right. Cheers ch (talk) 18:42, 16 December 2015 (UTC)


 * I agree -- the Silver Rule is interesting and worth coverage, and should not be needlessly conflated with the similar Golden Rule. But I similarly lack time to write the article, so I'll follow 0RR and leave this article with the incorrect link.
 * It looks like Silver Rule was an article which was replaced for no good reason with a redirect, but I don't have time for fighting that battle either.
 * CRGreathouse (t | c) 20:27, 16 December 2015 (UTC)
 * The history page of the SR Redirect shows that the SR article was a stub, though I think that you and I would agree that the move might well have included incorporating a mention of SR. It would take a little thought to represent the issue in accordance with WP:DUEWEIGHT, since the Sam Crane Useless Tree link in the Google Search above calls the distinction between GR & SR "silly" while other good sources take it seriously.ch (talk) 04:29, 17 December 2015 (UTC)


 * In the context of an article on Confucius, the Silver Rule is more accurate than the Golden Rule. The Golden Rule is expressed as "Do unto others as you would have others do unto you".  The Silver Rule is expressed as "Do not do unto others as you would not have them do unto you."  They are not the same thing.  The Golden Rule instructs us to a positive act as a directive.  The Silver Rule expresses an injunction or a prohibition against an act.  Note the difference in emphasis.  See our own Wikipedia article on the subject:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Rule
 * Best regardsTheBaron0530 (talk) 13:34, 17 January 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 30 January 2020
Revert the edits made by Curios Goerge. They made several non-constructive edits, including changing "Spring and Autumn period" to "Spring, summer, and Autumn period" in the first sentence of the lead. 69.166.120.135 (talk) 23:03, 30 January 2020 (UTC)
 * Pictogram voting wait.svg Already done Eggishorn (talk) (contrib) 21:05, 24 February 2020 (UTC)

How can u live that year and yet die before then?
Dont think I understand maybe how years change I guess idk anybody else get what I'm saying Ralm101 (talk) 06:11, 19 April 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 26 April 2020
Consider changing Oxford University to University of Oxford when directly referring to the institution - as this is the correct name — Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.213.86.231 (talk) 16:34, 26 April 2020 (UTC)
 * - This practice is actively discouraged. Please see WP:NOTBROKEN. DuncanHill (talk) 16:49, 26 April 2020 (UTC)

Importance and influence on humanity
On 27 September 2017 at 12:38 the user Zionziho (indefinitely blocked due to sockpuppetry) added the following paragraph:

''Confucius is widely considered as one of the most important and influential individuals in human history. His teaching and philosophy greatly impacted people around the world and remain influential today.''

The cited source for the first part is one sentence on a private sub-page by a former professor for Economics at San José State University. The source for the second part is a travel agency from China in which no mention of the claim is to be found.

While I do not want to deny the importance and influence of Confucius, I suggest to consider removing the quoted paragraph for lack of proper sources and unencyclopedic claims. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.186.197.226 (talk) 03:29, 17 October 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 18 October 2020
My edit: death_date      = 479 BC (aged 71–72) Original: death_date      = 479 BC (aged 71–2) Ethan955 (talk) 19:19, 18 October 2020 (UTC)


 * ✅ –Deacon Vorbis (carbon &bull; videos) 00:17, 19 October 2020 (UTC)

Age at Death
Inconsistency. Footnote 19 is used to corroborate the statement that his age at death was 72 or 73. Why then does it appear as 71 or 72 in the summary side bar (or whatever it's called)?

Of course, I realise that it is difficult to establish a person's exact age without exact birth and death dates, which are absent here. Surely, however, the article should strive for internal consistency in giving these estimates. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Vancouveriensis (talk • contribs) 09:36, March 17, 2011 (UTC)

Hundred schools type article
If people wanted to include developments of Confucianism (and it's predecessors in virtuous values) in this article it could become a hundred-schools type article.

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Administrative_Realism_in_Ancient_China — Preceding unsigned comment added by FourLights (talk • contribs) 13:00, 13 October 2015 (UTC)

who was he
He was this weirdo fat guy whom told everybody peer lies. So don't trust this fucken guy. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 159.83.4.1 (talk) 00:57, 11 December 2015 (UTC)

Addition for further readings Confucianism page
I'm so very sorry that I made a mistake by trying to add my own article by editing the page on Confucianism. I should have realized that this was not appropriate, but I've never edited a page in Wikipedia before. If you would consider it appropriate, please add the article. If not, accept my apologies for the mistake. Littlejohn, Ronnie. (2017). Kongzi on Religious Experience, in Kelly James Clark, Readings in the Philosophy of Religion. 3d ed. New York: Broadview Press. ISBN 978-1554812769. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Littlejohnr (talk • contribs) 18:20, 9 April 2020 (UTC)

Date notation (eras) &mdash; BC/AD or BCE/CE
There was a discussion, above, on the use of date notation (eras) for this article. All who spoke agreed that the MoS guideline for eras requires consistency throughout an article. The guideliine further states that there must be a good reason for changing the era notation. As with all articles there must be consensus of the article authors. Three people spoke to the issue and two of these preferred leaving the date notation as BCE/CE. Yet, inexplicably the notation was changed to BC/AD. The article had used BCE/CE notation for over a year prior to the change in May, 2006. actruly Confucius was born in (AD) There is good reason to restore BCE/CE notation in this article, IMO: the article is about a non-Christian subject in a non-Christian region of the world. As the article on Common era points out: "... most Chinese have used gōngyuán (公元) to mean AD/CE, gōngyuán can be literally translated as "public era" or "metric era." Many of the articles on Buddhism and Taoism use BCE/CE notation for dates.

In view of this, I am adding my vote for retaining the BCE/CE notation. I will restore that notation and urge that it be retained until such time as there is a consensus of authors to the contrary. Sunray 20:44, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * The article is being proselytized.--Patchouli 23:28, 22 January 2007 (UTC)
 * How do you arrive at that conclusion?. Sunray 08:42, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

The above was merely a justification, as requested by the guideline. Fact is that there is a consensus to use BCE. One of the reasons given for the article not achieving GA status was "No consistent usage of BC/BCE." We need to respect the consensus and keep it consistent. Sunray 05:37, 31 March 2007 (UTC)


 * I didn't understand what BCE meant and had to look it up. Since Confucius was not Christian, I'm happy for it to be used. -- John (Daytona2 · Talk ·  Contribs) 09:37, 3 June 2008 (UTC)


 * Quite so. The article is now updated with BCE and some have links to that John and others can click to see.. – S. Rich (talk) 15:24, 23 January 2021 (UTC)

"Kung Fuzi" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Kung Fuzi. The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2021 February 5 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion.  Onel 5969  TT me 18:49, 5 February 2021 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 24 June 2021
From:

To:

HarrisonFisher1982 (talk) 18:14, 24 June 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done Vahurzpu (talk) 20:03, 24 June 2021 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 16 July 2021
Remove this: "Notice the implication that animal lives are part of property."

Why: There are many interpretations of this passage going back centuries. For example it might mean that he first asked about people and then asked about horses (e.g., because 不 might stand for 否 or 后). It's an oversimplification to say he doesn't care about the horses that has been challenged repeatedly in Chinese sources. 76.14.22.92 (talk) 19:03, 16 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Please provide those sources. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 19:09, 16 July 2021 (UTC)

"He is also a traditional deity in Daoism." Is this true?
I don't know anything about the subject, but this claim is not supported by a citation, and isn't mentioned in the body of the article, nor in Daoism. Cursory internet search suggests the claim is unsubstantiated. Can someone confirm? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.7.123.152 (talk) 03:07, 9 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Removed for now as uncited. I would suspect it's possible, but I don't know that Daoism has "deities" in the English sense of the word anyways. Aza24 (talk)
 * This is a reference to Confucius as a figure of reverence in some strands of Chinese folk religion, which is sometimes referred to with the umbrella term "Daoism." Some scholars sometimes refer to this as "religious Daoism," to be differentiated from "philosophical Daoism," but I think that Chinese folk religion is the better term. One place you might want to look at here on wiki that discusses Confucius' role in this is Chinese_folk_religion.  bibliomaniac 1  5  21:59, 27 August 2021 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 6 September 2020 and 6 December 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Dyy122dyy.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 18:19, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

"Fictional portrayals" section
There's also the general idea of Confucius as the "Chinese wise man" in Western pop culture, e.g. that series of punning jokes along the lines of "Confucius he say, man who walk through airport door sideways going to Bangkok"... 2A00:23C5:FE18:2700:715B:385B:FA91:AE71 (talk) 16:09, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 6 September 2020 and 7 December 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Shangyingsun.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 19:26, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Anachronism in intro?
The intro currently states: "Confucius considered himself a transmitter for the values of earlier periods which he claimed had been abandoned during the Warring States period." But the Warring States period happened from c. 475 BCE to 221 BCE. Confucius lived and worked almost entirely before the Warring States period (he died in 479 BCE, four years before the most commonly accepted start date for the period), so how was he recovering values that had been abandoned during a period that hadn't started yet? This seems like a serious oversight. Thanks!

199.167.59.8 (talk) 03:24, 15 March 2022 (UTC)
 * My fault entirely, now clarified, thank you! Aza24 (talk) 03:34, 15 March 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 21 April 2022
This came up in Citation Hunt. The citation is not actually missing, just in a confusing place. Since the quoted poetry is from the Analects referred to in the prose introducing it, I suggest moving the citation to the end of the poem. Suggested edit below.

Change this:

In the Analects, Confucius described the importance of the art in the development of society: [63]

The Master said, "My children, why do you not study the Book of Poetry?   "The Odes serve to stimulate the mind. "They may be used for purposes of self-contemplation.   "They teach the art of sociability. "They show how to regulate feelings of resentment.   "From them you learn the more immediate duty of serving one’s father, and the remoter one of serving one’s prince. :: "From them we become largely acquainted with the names of birds, beasts, and plants."[citation needed]

To this:

In the Analects, Confucius described the importance of the art in the development of society:

The Master said, "My children, why do you not study the Book of Poetry?   "The Odes serve to stimulate the mind. "They may be used for purposes of self-contemplation.   "They teach the art of sociability. "They show how to regulate feelings of resentment.   "From them you learn the more immediate duty of serving one’s father, and the remoter one of serving one’s prince. "From them we become largely acquainted with the names of birds, beasts, and plants."[63]

(I removed the extra :: because I don't see a reason to include it based on the source cited) Emixolydian (talk) 19:06, 21 April 2022 (UTC)
 * ✅ ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 11:09, 22 April 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 22 May 2022
In the lead, please change "Following the victory of Han over Chu after the collapse of Qin, Confucius's thoughts received official sanction in the new government" to "After the collapse of Qin, and the victory of Han over Chu, Confucius's thoughts received official sanction in the new government." For simplicity and clarity. 2001:BB6:4713:4858:9136:9F1A:9E0D:F202 (talk) 12:00, 22 May 2022 (UTC)
 * ✅ — python coder (talk &#124; contribs) 06:47, 23 May 2022 (UTC)

Tori Amos reference
Citation Hunt led me here to replace a "citation needed" re a Tori Amos reference to Confucius. It had been included in the short section "Fictional portrayals." Fwiw I support the decision to delete the reference. The 1990 song "Happy Phantom" is not an attempt to portray Confucius in fiction; it a use of his person as a symbol, appearing in the songwriter's imaginary afterlife. Should anyone choose to develop something more substantial about Confucius as a character in the West, this blog post reflecting on Amos's use of Confucius (and Gautama Buddha) might be worth a note. — ℜ ob C. alias ALAROB 18:30, 28 July 2022 (UTC)

More than one?
It's been many years since I read about the Confucius but I recall the title did refer to a position held by more than one over many years and centuries. I could be wrong because it has really been so long ago and I would appreciate someone looking into that.🙂 66.102.148.120 (talk) 01:28, 30 September 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 1 November 2022
add “Confucius' hometown is Qufu, Jining City, Shandong Province, China“ ，After Confucius' name Zhang Chenxi0907 (talk) 21:52, 1 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: The article currently gives the location it is believed he was born, so you would need to provide sourcing for the modern location. Additionally, their town if birth seems undue for the lead. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 22:02, 1 November 2022 (UTC)

paper
what do you think about philosophy¿ 172.124.191.104 (talk) 00:42, 3 December 2022 (UTC)

Ancient Name of Confucius
Kǒng Fūzǐ is the modern Chinese name for Confucius, but during the master's lifetime a different language, Old Chinese, a very different language from modern Chinese, was spoken. While we do not have an exact idea of the pronunciation 2500 years ago, it would be worthwhile to offer the probable reconstruction of the original name. For example usign wiktionary it seems that the old name can be reconstructed as /*Kʰˤoŋʔ paʔ tsəʔ/. Does anyone know it or could provide a reference? Davius (talk) 18:02, 6 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Grammatica Serica Recensa (Karlgren, 1964) reconstructs 孔 as /*kʰuŋ/ (p 302) and 子 as /*tsjɛg/ (p 264), but I believe the modern standard for reconstruction of early Chinese phonology is still Baxter (1992), a work I no longer have access to.
 * However I believe your question may have some anachronism to it: I'm not sure when "Kong Fuzi" is first attested, but early texts tend to carry "Kongzi" (as is still the most common term in modern Chinese), or his style name " Zhenni " Zhongni . That is, "Kong Fuzi" may not be attributed in the language that was spoken during the subject's lifetime. Folly Mox (talk) 20:17, 6 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Baxter and Sagart have a recent (2014) word list representative of their Old Chinese reconstruction at here. They reconstruct Kongzi as /*[k]ʕhoŋʔ-[ts]əʔ/ (pp 62 and 159), with the square brackets denoting uncertainty about the identity of the enclosed phoneme. Personally still feeling uncertain what value this adds to the article. Folly Mox (talk) 02:09, 12 February 2023 (UTC)
 * It may not add much, but it is a total anachronism that he is named in modern Mandarin, as if everyone knew Julius Caesar with his name in modern French or something like that. This is especially troubling when many Westerners are not clear that there is a big difference between ancient and modern Chinese. Davius (talk) 14:34, 12 February 2023 (UTC)

British Columbia?
The latest edit broke all the date references insteand creating hyperlinks to the British Columbia page 2001:8003:27BA:4F01:6DFB:36F1:606B:CFBE (talk) 03:31, 5 March 2023 (UTC)