Talk:Dialysis (chemistry)

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New sub-subsection on strong aqueous caustic soda
The citations say that dialysis was used in the viscose process, but don't say when or properly explain why. It's possible that one of the big encylopaedias such as Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology or Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry do; or at least older editions may, because when updated they tend to delete descriptions of obsolete technology. The relevant BIOS (British Intelligence Objectives Subcommittee) and CIOS reports, on the state of German industry just after WWII, probably contain WP:UNDUE detail, and most likely would be excessively difficult to get hold of. In the absence of any citation, I record info from my personal knowledge as historical anecdote.

Continuous filament (CF) viscose rayon yarn was introduced in 1905, and staple fibre (for the manufacture of spun yarn) in the 1920s; both for the textile industry. There is no reason to remove hemicellulose ("hemi") from either product - it can be incorporated into the fibre and sold, and who would want the technical, economic and environmental problems of disposing of useless alkaline liquors rich in hemi?

Technical advances led to the introduction in the 1930s of a novel product - high-strength CF yarn, used in applications such as reinforcement in automotive tyres and the manufacture of industrial belting. Mechanical properties were everything, and hemicelluloses degrade them. The speciality plants had been built as adjuncts to existing, larger, textile fibre plants, for obvious reasons (shared infrastructure, skilled workforce). The answer was dialysis, with the purified caustic being returned to the tyreyarn side and the hemi-rich liquor exported to the textile side.

By the mid-70s, the sole remaining dialysis shed in the UK was the one in the Courtaulds plant at Preston, Lancashire, which had spent the last 40 years minding its own business. The machines were of the plate-and-frame type; I don't know what the semi-permeable membranes were. It was a quiet and rarely-visited place, except by analysts taking samples to check for failed membranes. If a membrane had failed, that cell of the machine was valved off. The plant closed in 1980. Narky Blert (talk) 16:34, 30 September 2020 (UTC)