Talk:Feminization of poverty

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This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Huynhjenny. Peer reviewers: Smajlovic1237.

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This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Akalra.18. Peer reviewers: Ajs426.

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This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 14 January 2019 and 18 May 2019. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Alexisarnett.

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Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): WaterPost, Mayolover.

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Grammar
This article makes no sense in some places fix it68.230.163.203 (talk) 01:31, 27 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Four years later, I notice a great joke. Bravo. 188.221.72.112 (talk) 14:03, 25 January 2012 (UTC)

I have made minor diction edits the last two sentences of the introduction of the article. I thought it was important to emphasize the findings and the timing of the research being referenced and I believe that the new language helps to do so. WaterPost (talk) 01:30, 19 September 2017 (UTC)

I have rewritten the article
I have rewritten the article on the Feminization of Poverty. The previous article was very good in content, but it had focus on the US feminization of poverty and was discussing possible causes of feminization but without a very clear structure. This is what I tried to do


 * 1) To make the beggining of the article more oriented to definitions and conceptual issues;
 * 2) To give a structure in which issues present in the previous article would fit well - one section of the "evidence of feminization" - future editions presenting evidence may be placed here - and one section on the "causes of feminization" - issues in the previous article such as divorce, etc. may be placed here.
 * 3) To make the article 'international'. I really think this is essential, otherwise the title would have to change to "Feminization of Poverty in the US".

Of course I believe this article still needs improvement, particularly in the section "causes". Specially with references in the section causes.

cheers! Marcelo.medeiros (talk) 21:42, 15 May 2008 (UTC)

Wikify
This article needs to be wikified. Missing figures and tables indicate that it was copied and pastes from somewhere else and statements like Before we begin our story, aren't encyclopedic. JCDenton2052 (talk) 09:47, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

Revising Page
After reading through the current Feminization of Poverty page, we decided the page needed to be approached through several different perspectives. This is one of the main factors to understanding gender inequalities, and is an integral part in the understanding of capabilities and opportunities for women and children. A disproportionate percentage of the world’s poverty-stricken are women, and to begin to challenge social norms and hierarchies, this trend needs to be understood. It is disheartening that such an important issue has gone largely unnoticed and undefined in Wikipedia discussions.

We plan to expand on a couple of new sections, while also adding some text to existing sections. We are adding a lone-mother households, measures of poverty, and a capabilities sections, with subsections focusing specifically on health and education. The existing criticism section needs more elaboration on the topic of lone-mother households and needs some grammatical revisions to make the reading flow more smoothly. There has been too much focus on the lack of income some lone-mother households face, while to address the feminization of poverty there needs to be a broader scope of research, such as the understanding of power dynamics within the household.

In the lone-mother households section, we will be discussing the high percentages of lone-mother households that are poverty-stricken. However, their lack of income is not the only issue that needs to be addressed; many times they are kept from land ownership and opportunities for work by a parochial social hierarchy. The lack of jobs available for women then keep them in poverty, creating structural problems within the economy fueled by gender inequality. Even though these biases exist, some women choose to remain single because of the greater independence and power within the household they acquire.

In measures of poverty, we will discuss indices that measure different aspects of inequality, such as GEM and GDI, and their shortcomings. It is important to analyze how data and statistics are gathered, and what information they may tell us about feminization of poverty. Finally, we will be adding a new capabilities section to discuss the deprivation of capabilities and they are related to poverty. We plan to focus specifically on health and education, and their impact on women and women's rights. Health and education are both critical aspects of mitigating the poverty levels for women and creating new opportunities.

Please feel free to comment or make suggestions in regards to our revisions for this article. Thanks! --Anabuiles8 (talk) 00:55, 1 April 2011 (UTC) --Yk12 (talk) 00:56, 1 April 2011 (UTC)

Some constructive criticism from a reader: beeberger The last two sentences of the opening section seem politically loaded and could use a bit more clarification. Perhaps statements such as those should be elaborated upon in greater detail than is provided there in the opening. The section related to the "history of the term" comes of as mainly jargon and it seems unlikely to me that someone unfamiliar with the topic would be able to follow most of this section. It is great that the author has such a strong grasp of the term and it's changes over time, but perhaps it would be more powerful if rewritten with a layperson's understanding in mind. The "Measures of Poverty" section is excellent! The "Multidimensional Approach" section could use more approaches. Urban and city planning, micro-finance and micro-insurance, conditional cash transfers and other economic approaches to development, both in the developing world and the developed world, could be great additions to this conversation, or at least be linked to outside articles, if good articles exist. --User:beeberger (talk) 22:01, 18 September 2011 (UTC)

Editing/Expanding Page
After taking into account previous suggestions on revising this page, we decided to expand and edit some parts of this page again. We plan to change the "Lone-mother households" section to a new "Causes" section in order to expand on how lone-mother households are not the only major factors that cause feminization of poverty. We plan to add "Social and cultural exclusions", "Disparate income" and "Lone-mother households" as subsections under this new "Causes" section.

Also, we plan to expand on the "Multidimensional approach" section by adding more onto the already existing "Health" and "Education" subsections. We also plan to add more subsections since there are more capabilities that need to be discussed pertaining to feminization of poverty. Therefore, we plan to add "Decision-making power", "Political participation" and "Employment" as new subsections.

The existing section "Criticism" seems to be very poorly supported as it lacks references and does not contribute much to this article topic. We plan to delete this section and instead add a new section called "Case studies". This section will talk about specific areas such as East Asia, Morocco, and United Kingdom, where feminization of poverty is prevalent and how each country has addressed this issue.

Any comments or suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Thanks. --Yk12 (talk) 21:57, 11 October 2011 (UTC) --Anabuiles8 (talk) 21:57, 11 October 2011 (UTC)
 * Hi! I have added a sentence in the "Single Mother Household" section because I believe a perspective about the emotional and physical effect for mothers and their children in poverty will add a to the larger picture of feminization and juvenilization of poverty. Mayolover (talk) 15:10, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Hello Mayolover. Somehow your username and date stamp ended up in the article itself. Could you please revise your edit to correct that problem here? Thanks. Jagrif02 (talk) 18:40, 28 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Hi Jagrif02 I just tried to take out my username. Did it work? Let me know! When I sign my name for some reason it leaves it in the article. Thanks!

My plan for my article is to add to the “Single mother household” section and contribute a view of how single mothers are pressured to take care of a child alone, and have trouble finding stable jobs that give them emotional stability. All of my articles contribute to the section and help give a wide view of the problems single mothers face with poverty. This will fill the credibility of Wikipedia and contribute to its standards by adding more to multiple perspectives and giving objectivity to the topic. All the articles that will contribute to the section, are in my sandbox page of Wikipedia. I plan to continue to add sources to the page and annotate them so I can use that as a direct idea formulating spot. Articles: •	“Poverty, Welfare, and the Livelihood Strategies of Nonmetropolitan Single Mothers” o	Many factors contribute to the downfall of becoming impoverished. Including marital status, education, and race. This provides a completely analysis of multiple factors of single mothers that contribute to the struggle of poverty in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. •	'I'm poor, I'm single, I’m a mom, and I deserve respect': Advocating in Schools As and With Mothers in Poverty” o	The main viewpoint of this article provides an emotional aspect of the divide of mothers being able to provide for their children the “extra” things like bringing snacks to school on their birthday. This contributes to the social aspect and divide between mothers providing the essentials and mothers providing the stereotypical “expected” things. •	“The mental health benefits of work: do they apply to poor single mothers?” o	The realization that jobs provide stability in a mother’s life provides a further explanation to the complications of parenting in poverty. It was founded that mothers with jobs gave them a mental health benefit but only if that job was full time and more secure. These results help to conclude that mothers with jobs are more emotionally stable and happy. •	“Welfare Reform: Can Higher Education Reduce the Feminization of Poverty?” o	The relationship between welfare and how you need education to receive it, shows the instability this brings to a family. The ability to work and go to school is not seen as possible the way the guidelines are laid out and this is seen as a disadvantage to single mothers and a gap in the system that is currently functioning. Sub-Section (Creating one): Human Trafficking I recently began to notice the prevalence of human trafficking in the media and how young women that are impoverished tend to be swindled into this “industry” looking for a safety net. Women living on the streets are more susceptible to sexual violence and taking unconventional measures to survive. I think that this article could benefit from this viewpoint of how feminization of poverty is directly related to the increase of human trafficking in the United States. I’m surprised that this phenomenon isn’t already represented in this article. I think this section would fit best under they “Multidimensional approach”. I’m still considering whether to make it its own sub-section or to include aspects of it in the “Health” sub-section. The health section briefly states about women in poverty being more susceptible to sexual violence but that seems unfocused for the section considering it mostly talks about reduced access to health care. If anyone has any thoughts of where this section could fit best, please comment. Mayolover (talk) 03:10, 17 October 2017 (UTC)

Missing factor - unintended childbirth
A major factor in this phenomenon is unintended/unwanted childbirth. Having a child immediately reduces household per-capita ncome (more heads, more expenses, but no more people to do the work for several years). While this can affect parents of either gender, in many areas it affects women more. (Single parent households are predominantly female headed.) Zodon (talk) 07:34, 9 March 2012 (UTC)

Unfounded opinions
The entire section for "United Kingdom" has 5 statements that require citation and only 2 that are sourced. I question the validity of those statements, especially when they state that women earn 1/3 or 1/2 of what men do. Either the citations do exist, or they do not, and then the information given in this section is mostly pure conjencture. - Vorpal Saber (talk) 09:41, 19 October 2013 (UTC)

New Content
I just added a section to this article on the racialization of the feminization of poverty. The content synthesized a number of research articles and current material on this topic. Please do let me know if you have suggestions or can point to additional material to support this contribution. Jly16 (talk) 06:11, 18 November 2013 (UTC)
 * "The content synthesized a number of research articles and current material on this topic." Well we aren't really meant to synthesize published material on Wikipedia. The section seems ok (albeit written somewhat like a personal essay - the first sentence tells us what "we must know" in order to "understand" - this is not very encyclopedic language), but for example offers four basic explanations that do not seem to derive from any particular source. The "Solutions" explanation appears to be entirely original research/opinion.--146.90.245.55 (talk) 14:41, 18 December 2013 (UTC)

I just added a subsection to this article to describe the feminization of poverty in the Dominican Republic as it relates to the HIV epidemic. I believe that it is a good case study because it demonstrates factors that lead to the feminization of poverty, in this case an illness and also gives a clear picture of the feminzation of poverty in the Caribbean. WaterPost (talk) 04:56, 26 September 2017 (UTC)

Outdated Sources
A whole bunch of the references are at least 10 years old, some even as old as 30+ years old. Please update the list of references, or delete the outdated information which is misleading.

Here's a list of the references I found that are too old:

Reference no. 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35

It's 2015 now, your sources from 2005 are more than likely irrelevant now. — Preceding unsigned comment added by KR1Z00.NZ (talk • contribs) 20:04, 26 April 2015 (UTC)


 * Also the first three items I looked at required payments totalling about £500 to view. Needless to say I have not viewed them.  If anyone can find equal or better quality free sources that would be very useful.  All the best: Rich Farmbrough, 15:49, 7 April 2016 (UTC).

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Adding a Section on Religion
I plan to add a section on religion to this article. It will be formatted similarly to the "Racialization" section. I will add the following subheadings: Affect on Competitiveness in the Job Market, Gendered Roles in Religious Hierarchies, and Gender Roles in Religious Households. In the Affect on Competitiveness in the Job Market section, I plan to discuss how women's expression of their religiosity affects how they are seen in the job market. In the Gendered Roles in Religious Hierarchies section, I plan to talk about how different religious systems and their view of leadership affect women's role in society. In the Gender Roles in Religious Households section, I plan to talk about how women's role in the home is affected by different religious ideologies and practices. I chose to do this because, when researching each of the above-mentioned topics, I noticed that many religions have practices that contribute to the global feminization of poverty. I have collected sources that address a multitude of religions and geographic locations in order to preserve the global integrity of this article. To see an annotated bibliography of those sources, please see User: WaterPost/sandbox. WaterPost (talk) 02:21, 17 October 2017 (UTC)
 * After much consideration, I have decided to change the way that I am going to create the subsections under the new Religion section. I have decided that splitting the section into different religions would provide a more comprehensive view of the topic and so the new subsections will be: Christianity, Islam, and Judaism. Each of these sections will include information that is relevant to the religion's role in the feminization of poverty. I believe that this approach will be more user-friendly than the original plan because the information will be more specific and therefore able to show the ways that each religion plays a role in the issue. I have added a list of all of the sources I plan to use for this new plan and how I plan to use them to my sandbox. If you would like to access those, please see this link User: WaterPost/sandbox. WaterPost (talk) 05:26, 19 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I have added the complete draft of this planned contribution to the end of my sandbox page. To view it, please visit the following link User: WaterPost/sandbox. —Preceding undated comment added 06:57, 19 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I have once again redrafted my contribution to this article because I felt as if splittling religious discrimination into two discussions (discrimination from within, and discrimination from society) was more effective than having the examples split by religion. WaterPost (talk) 15:06, 30 October 2017 (UTC)

Comment
In addition to the religious aspect, I hope to emphasize on the more traditional cultural beliefs and how this affects any inequality. Particularly, the effect it has had on women in today's modern world. Smajlovic1237 (talk) 23:20, 8 February 2018 (UTC)

Revising the Page
I noticed while reading through the article that some reorganization can be done. There are many sections under Measures of Poverty that could be moved to Causes. In fact, all four sections of Health, Education, Decision-making power, and Sexual violence could be moved as they relay information that doesn't have to do with how to measure poverty. Instead, they discuss info that can be seen as an adding factor to the feminization of poverty. The Decision-making power section can then be combined with Social and cultural exclusions in the Causes section.

Another change that can be added is in the Measuring Poverty section, which just describes methods instead of relating them to the topic at large. To fix this, after reordering the page the Measuring Poverty section can be added to by listing some statistics found by the three measurement methods mentioned in relation to the feminization of poverty.

Please feel free to comment on my plan of revision and give me any suggestions! Akalra.18 (talk) 01:39, 15 February 2018 (UTC)

Hello there,

I agree that all four sections of Health, Education, Decision-making power, and Sexual violence could be moved to the Causes section. Another cause that I think heavily implies to this article is climate change. A couple of gaps I want to identify when expanding on this article are the linkage between poverty and women in regards to climate change and the central human functional capabilities. Climate change can affect women living in poverty because they will have limited resources and have to work harder and spend more time retrieving resources for their livelihood. The results of climate change can negatively impact the central human functional capabilities of women.

I want to expand on the "Health" and "Education" in this article because I think it is going to be able to assist the reader to understand the difficult obstacles of some of the capabilities approach like political, material, bodily health, bodily integrity, and affiliation that are preventing women from fulfilling their responsibilities in poverty. I want the reader to recognize that women in poverty are more susceptible to diseases and can potentially not live to the end of a human life of normal length.

Please feel free to let me know what you think or if you have any concerns or questions. I look forward to hearing from you. Huynhjenny (talk) 22:26, 14 March 2018 (UTC)huynhjenny

Reason for Revision
My main purpose for revising the “Feminization of poverty” article is because I’m interested in discovering more about poverty in the third world and how it relates to gender, specifically women, and economic development. Unfortunately, poor women don’t have access to the internet, social media, and education in the third world and are at a disadvantage with the environment. Oftentimes, poor women don’t have the power to voice their opinions or take action in politics, especially to control one’s environment. They are also not able to effectively participate in political decisions that govern their life. Having the protection of free speech and association is something that I believe society should encourage women to do more often as a way to stand up and defend themselves. Women in poverty should have equal opportunity to engage in relationships with other groups of people. Through the revision for this particular article, I strongly believe that I will give the readers an opportunity to understand and discover more concepts and the core of women in poverty through the lens of sustainability and the central human functional capabilities from “Promoting Women’s Capabilities” by Martha Nussbaum. Huynhjenny (talk) 22:14, 14 March 2018 (UTC)huynhjenny

Organization and Deletion
I have reorganized a couple of sections like switching over the "Disparate income" section from "Causes" to "Forms of Poverty" and switching the "Sexual violence" and "Education" section from "Measures of poverty" to "Causes". Is it okay If delete a few sections that I think is not relevant to this article? I would like to omit the "Femonomics", "Longevity", and the entire "Religion" sections. The two new sections that I have just created and added are "Forms of Poverty" and "Policies". Please feel free to leave me with any suggestions. Huynhjenny (talk) 14:04, 25 March 2018 (UTC)huynhjenny

Hi Huynhjenny,

I agree with your changes. I will also move the Decision-making power and Health section to Causes. I do think that the Femonomics and Longevity sections can remain in the causes section as they describe difficulties with money that may add to the feminization of poverty. However, they can be combined into one single Femonomics section. I will make this change. Let me know if you have anymore suggestions!

Akalra.18 (talk) 21:50, 11 April 2018 (UTC)

Could definately use a Criticism section
There's a significant need here for a "Criticism" section in the article, as this entire issue of "feminization of poverty" is contentious and debatable. Alialiac (talk) 21:29, 2 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Criticism sections are usually POV magnets. If there reliable, secondary sources discuss criticism of the concept, feel free to work them into the existing article. —Sangdeboeuf (talk) 11:40, 8 August 2020 (UTC)
 * This entire article is one giant POV magnet. Having a criticism section doesn't really change anything. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.77.131.20 (talk) 12:14, 2 February 2021 (UTC)

Dubious
The anonymous account 188.114.165.82 placed several, improperly-formatted tags and several (19) were replaced with the "dubious" template containing a link to nowhere in the talk page for discussion. All of those dubious tags now link to this section for discussion.

The original edit utilized the edit comment section for comments that should have been placed here in the talk page for proper discussion. The comment was the following:

I don't have a dog in this fight other than to create this section for the dubious tag "discuss" links and to clean up the template headers, which typically don't get admin templates added to them in this manner, per the Manual of Style/Headings. Feel free to discuss any issues regarding the dubious tags below.

Michael.C.Wright (talk) 01:43, 14 February 2022 (UTC)