Talk:Heparin

clarification
Can someone explain to me (i.e. incorporate into the article) why Heparin gel (topical) is sometimes used to treat sports injuries--like sprains, strains, bruises, etc? I can't find anything explaining this, but I have heard people say that it is useful, and here in Germany you can buy "Heparin sport-Gel" from Ratiopharm. Obviously some people think Herparin is effective for things other than blood clots, but I can't find information about this online. I just thought this would be a good addition to the "Other uses" section. 24. February 2006

Considering what the article says, I'd say that the heparin contained in the gel either diffuse through the skin to the injury site, and block the inflammatory response by binding to the inflamatory response enhancer that histamine is. Nikoo

Meat
reference to slaughtered meat animals is redundant —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.248.115.194 (talk) 14:58, 20 February 2009 (UTC)

Delete trade names
I've never heard of heparin referred to by its trade name. Perhaps delete the brand names? Andrew73 19:33, 22 September 2005 (UTC).
 * I deleted the brand names...they seem to clutter the article! Andrew73 16:19, 30 October 2005 (UTC)


 * This was probably a bad idea, trade names are always important when identifying drugs. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mrdeath5493 (talk • contribs) 06:58, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

Image
On PubChem an image is available but it's not clear where the repeat moieties connect to. Perhaps a chemist may be able to help. JFW | T@lk  20:55, 28 December 2005 (UTC)

Fraxiparin
Please elaborate on fraxiparin, another medicine with function similar to heparin. Thanks borgx  ( talk ) 04:13, 20 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Fraxiparin is one of the low molecular weight heparins. Andrew73 02:55, 23 February 2006 (UTC)

Heparin's inhibiton of PCR?
What is the mechanism of heparin's purported inhibition of PCR? Is the molecule specific for Taq? For DNA? Does it non-specifically muck things up due to steric hindrance? Does anyone actually reject specimens received in heparin? If not, what is the amplification failure rate for heparinized specimens? Thanks

'''This may be due to a biochemical property of the compound, that isn't described here : the fact that heparin has typical chemical properties of a nucleic acid backbone analog (glucose instead of ribose, and sulfate instead of phosphate). Heparin is therefore routinely used as a non-specific competitor in RNA/DNA protein binding experiments such as EMSA, since proteins can recognize nucleic acids through specific interactions with the bases, and non-specific, but sometimes important, interactions with the sugar-phosphate backbone.'''You're welcome ;-) Nikoo

Structure
I'm don't think the IUPAC name matches the disacchride structure I put up or that the IUPAC name here is very helpful. Take the first line of the IUPAC name below 6- [5- acetylamino- 4,6- dihydroxy-2- I can't work out where the 6- comes from or were the acetylamino group is. Maybe whoever put up the IUPAC name would like to comment? Maybe IUPAC names should only be given when a monosacchride is being described. Then for large polymers such as heparin replace the IUPAC name with a description of the monomers that are joined together, referencing the monosacchrides articles. This would de-clutter things considerably.

Structure part 2
I got sick of looking at that great long WRONG IUPAC name. I know it came from the pubchem reference 772 but its wrong there as well and so is part of their description in the MeSH section. PubChem got the structure from BioCyc and they've now changed their structure and description in the database but it'll take a few months to show up on line. PubChem have been ignoring me but maybe when BioCyc changes PubChem will as well! Does anyone out there want the IUPAC name back?

The biocyc change now shows up on line, see here, still no luck on changing the pubchem entry.

heparin
can someone help to undarstand if heparin is oxidable by TOC analysis or if there's a chem method to detect heparin at a low conc.? Partial heparin oxidation, is used in the manufacture of parnaparin and ardeparin (see low molecular weight heparin). Maybe a "complete" oxidation would allow a TOC analysis. How low is a low conc? and is your sample a pure heparin sample or does it contain other material e.g. proteins. We should discuss this on my talk page

GA review
Excellent figures and clear text. However, more references would be an improvement, particularly in the medical sections. TimVickers 16:10, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

History
I believe you are wrong saying that scientist were looking for an anticoagulant. Jay McLean, a PhD under Howell, found what he thought was a phospholipid based on the way he had isolated it [1]. Originally he had called this substance cephalin [2]. He actually was looking for a procoagulant in the (dog) liver, but when he had done experiments he found that an extract of dog liver prolonged the time required for plasma to clot ex vivo [3]. Apart from this, your article aided me a lot for my essay on heparin, thanks for that. Tristan Groot 15:51, 24 Octobre 2006 (The Netherlands)

[1]: Petitou, M., Boeckel, C.A.A. van, Chemical Synthesis of Heparin Fragments and Analogues, Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, 60, pp.143 (1992). [2]: McLean, J., The Thromboplastic Action of Cephalin, American Journal of Physiology, 41, pp.250 (1916).

[3]: Hirsh, J., Heparin, New English Journal of Medicine, 324(22), pp.1565 (1991) in Arbit, E., Oral heparin, status review, Thormbosis Journal, 4, pp.6 (2006).

Highest Negative Charge Density
Heparin has the highest negative charge density of any known biological molecule. This helps it in its very strong electrostatic interaction with thrombin (in association with antithrombin). (Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 4th Ed.). Thought it would be worth mentioning in the article.TwoOars 01:01, 14 March 2007 (UTC)

Toxic heparin
I'm confused about the latest edit. My references say heparin entered clinical trials in 1935, but the latest edit tell us that heparin preparations were toxic until 1937 when connaught started producing non-toxic heparin preparations. What was being used in the clincal trials in 1935 and 1936, toxic heparin !!! K.murphy 11:13, 27 March 2007 (UTC)
 * I've changed the history to make it clear toxic heparin wasn't being used in clinical trials!! K.murphy 19:37, 21 May 2007 (UTC)

Acid-based properties
And what about acid-based properties of heparin? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.179.135.20 (talk) 06:34, 8 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Like what? K.murphy 22:24, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

heparin managment
we want ask if possible to gavin heparin as therapeuti dose (like MI)after 2hour from major surgical like gall bladder remove

breaks down pre-exisintg clots?
As it stands, the article states: ...heparin does not break down clots that have already formed (unlike tissue plasminogen activator), it allows the body's natural clot lysis mechanisms to work normally to break down clots that have already formed...

Medical uses
Theres a section mentioning the uses of heparin in combating DVT and Pulmonary emboli, however it also says "but there is no evidence that they are effective at preventing death," but I have to ask, death from what? It's an obsurdly vague cited statement that really only confirms that Heparin, like every other medication ever, doesn't make you immortal.170.173.0.16 (talk) 20:07, 27 February 2009 (UTC)
 * I fixed this statement. It cited an article which I read that compared LMWH to Heparin and found no difference in mortality.  It did NOT show no evidence of benefit from Heparin.  You would be hard pressed to find a recent study that compared Heparin to Placebo since such a study would be turned down by any ethics committee.  I also deleted some line about a Scottish recommendation for DVT prevention being aspirin.  There has been study in this area and aspirin is actually a poor choice for DVT prevention.Mrdeath5493 (talk) 07:05, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

Unrealistic protonation state
Just a quick note that the pKa of those sulfate groups is so low that they would never be protonated in water, as shown in the lewis structure on the main page. Maybe in an organic solvent you could get them as drawn, but not in water. I'd fix it, but my license for chemdraw just ran out. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.104.119.87 (talk) 20:09, 30 March 2009 (UTC)

Green top tubes?
I work in the Pathology labs of the Midlands NHS and can safely say that all our Lithium Hep. tubes are bright orange, not green topped (those are citrate tubes). Seems a little silly to have a colour top in the article when all companys probably use different colours for their tubes. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 146.227.1.14 (talk) 07:29, 18 January 2011 (UTC)

Use in cold sore medication
There is no information regarding the use sodium heparin in topical cold sore medication (ex. lipactin). Gibby is gibby (talk) 16:42, 20 May 2011 (UTC)

Recent edit adding pharmacology information
This edit added information saying excretion was done in urine. Perhaps so, after metabolism. I'm not up on pharmacology but this source says "Second, when used in clinical doses, UFH is not cleared by the kidneys..." Biosthmors (talk) 17:24, 10 February 2012 (UTC)

Administration
"Heparin is given parenterally because it is not absorbed from the gut, ..." Surely that should be, "Heparin is not given parenterally ...." — Preceding unsigned comment added by Will Somers (talk • contribs) 14:14, 29 October 2014 (UTC)

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Historical review
10.1111/jth.13555 JFW &#124; T@lk  11:13, 28 December 2016 (UTC)

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Sepsis
Heparin more than anticoagulant 10.1111/bjh.14885 JFW &#124; T@lk  12:30, 26 October 2017 (UTC)

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What does this have to do with the topic in question?
User:Petergans

"The interaction of metal ions and coordination compounds with biologically relevant oligosaccharides has been named Metalloglycomics. Interactions between glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans and various platinum anti-cancer reagents have been reviewed. "

Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 14:09, 27 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Section 1 of the article: "Introduction. Metalloglycomics, Heparin and Heparan sulfate".
 * Section 3 "Interaction of Metal Ions with glycosaminoglycans"
 * Section 4 "Interaction of coordination compounds with glycosaminoglycans". It also includes a section on non-covalent Heparan Sulfate binding. Petergans (talk) 15:29, 27 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Section 5 "Use of Metal Complexes in Heparin Analysis"

FYI. I am a retired academic (Leeds University, Department of Inorganic Chemistry), with a long-standing interest in bio-inorganic chemistry. I have a copy of the book and read each article before deciding if a WP citation is warranted. My long-term aim has been to improve the quality and robustness of those WP articles which lie within my professional area of interest, such as equilibrium chemistry, an article I created. Petergans (talk) 15:29, 27 February 2018 (UTC)
 * This is off topic "The interaction of metal ions and coordination compounds with biologically relevant oligosaccharides has been named Metalloglycomics."
 * This statement does not mean much / is undue weight "Interactions between glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans and various platinum anti-cancer reagents have been reviewed." Looks like an advertisement to the book in question,.
 * So I have removed again. Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 11:58, 28 February 2018 (UTC)

The unwarranted slur on my reputation, which I have highlighted above should be removed. I have no connection of any kind with the publisher. Note that this "book" contains only review articles which have been specifically commissioned by the editors, from leading authorities like Prof. Lippard from M.I.T. Petergans (talk) 10:27, 1 March 2018 (UTC)

Primary use
The primary use of the term is for the medication. We have the article on Heparan sulfate. The less common meaning can be introduced latter in the lead. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 03:02, 5 June 2019 (UTC)

Pharmacology of heparin
2016, only 66 pages 10.1124/pr.115.011247 JFW &#124; T@lk  21:40, 26 October 2020 (UTC)

Heparin is antiviral. covid-19
You can find a bit information with Google search

enoxaparin OR heparin antiviral OR virus

But I don't know how promising is this for covid-19 and other viruses.

--46.132.37.34 (talk) 23:19, 8 January 2021 (UTC)

AT?
"Since heparins depend on the activity of AT". In the beginning of the article. What is AT? It should be defined and linked. 81.185.172.172 (talk) 11:59, 22 November 2021 (UTC)

Regarding the General Structure
I believe that the figure showing the is erroneous. Namely, the leftmost saccharide (which I believe to be 2-O-sulfo-α-D-glucuronic acid) is not one of the possible saccharides mentioned later in the article (GlcA, IdoA(2S), GlcNAc, GlcNS, GlcNS(6S), or even the rare GlcNS(3S,6S)). The closest "valid" saccharide to the one shown in the figure would be IdoA(2S). The difference being that the COO- and OSO3- groups should be on the same side of the ring. I imagine the error stems from a desire to create a more readable structure, but as far as I can tell, is nonetheless invalid. G.Lazarski (talk) 04:06, 10 May 2023 (UTC)