Talk:IPCC Fourth Assessment Report/citation

To ensure clear, correct, and consistent citation of the IPCC reports a canonical citation format has been developed which is the preferred style in all climate change articles. For details see the IPCC citation subpage. This page contains the full references and chapter details for the reports in the
 * IPCC Fourth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2007 (AR4).

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 Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis
 * AR4 WG1 Table of Contents

The chapter information should be followed by the section link and header (and optionally the page number) to the specific location within the report where the material referenced is to be found. Link to this report's full reference with:
 * in.

Don't forget to remove the various linebreaks. IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/spm.html Summary for Policymakers],

Solomon et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ts.html Technical Summary],

Le Treut et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch1.html Chapter 1: Historical Overview of Climate Change Science],

Forster et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch2.html Chapter 2: Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and Radiative Forcing],

Trenberth et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch3.html Chapter 3: Observations: Atmospheric Surface and Climate Change],

Lemke et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch4.html Chapter 4: Observations: Changes in Snow, Ice and Frozen Ground],

Bindoff et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch5.html Chapter 5: Observations: Ocean Climate Change and Sea Level],

Jansen et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch6.html Chapter 6: Palaeoclimate],

Denman et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch7.html Chapter 7, Coupling Between Changes in the Climate System and Biogeochemistry],

Randall et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch8.html Chapter 8: Climate Models and their Evaluation],

Hegerl et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch9.html Chapter 9: Understanding and Attributing Climate Change],

Meehl et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch10.html Chapter 10: Global Climate Projections],

Christensen et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch11.html Chapter 11: Regional Climate Projections],

Annexes (example): IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/annexessglossary-a-d.html Glossary A-D]: "Climate change"

Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
 * AR4 WG2 Table of Contents

The chapter information should be followed by the section link and header (and optionally the page number) to the specific location within the report where the material referenced is to be found. Link to this report's full reference with:
 * in.

Don't forget to remove various linebreaks. IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/frontmatter.html Introduction to the Working Group II Fourth Assessment Report]

IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/spm.html Summary for Policymakers]

Parry et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ts.html Technical Summary]

Rosenzweig et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch1.html Chapter 1: Assessment of observed changes and responses in natural and managed systems]

Carter et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch2.html Chapter 2: New assessment methods and the characterisation of   future conditions]

Kundzewicz et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch3.html Chapter 3: Freshwater resources and their management]

Fischlin et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch4.html Chapter 4: Ecosystems, their properties, goods and services]

Batima et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch5.html Chapter 5: Food, fibre and forest products]

Nicholls et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch6.html Chapter 6: Coastal systems and low-lying areas]

Wilbanks et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch7.html Chapter 7: Industry, settlement and society]

Confalonieri et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch8.html Chapter 8: Human health]

Boko et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch9.html Chapter 9: Africa]

Cruz et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch10.html Chapter 10: Asia]

Hennessy et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch11.html Chapter 11: Australia and New Zealand]

Alcamo et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch12.html Chapter 12: Europe]

Magrin et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch13.html Chapter 13: Latin America]

Field et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch14.html Chapter 14: North America]

Anisimov et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch15.html Chapter 15: Polar regions (Arctic and Antarctic)]

Mimura et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch16.html Chapter 16: Small islands]

Adger et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch17.html Chapter 17: Assessment of adaptation practices, options, constraints and capacity]

Klein et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch18.html Chapter 18: Inter-relationships between adaptation and mitigation]

Schneider et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch19.html Chapter 19: Assessing key vulnerabilities and the risk from climate change]

Yohe et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch20.html Chapter 20: Perspectives on climate change and sustainability]

Glossaries (example): IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/annexessglossary-a-d.html Glossaryi A-D:] "Climate change"

Climate Change 2007: Mitigation of Climate Change
 * AR4 WG3 Table of Contents

The chapter information should be followed by the section link and header (and optionally the page number) to the specific location within the report where the material referenced is to be found. Link to this report's full reference with:
 * in.

Don't forget to remove various linebreaks. IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/frontmattersforeword.html Forward]

IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/frontmatterspreface.html Preface]

IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/spm.html Summary for Policymakers]

Barker et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ts.html Technical Summary]

Rogner et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch1.html Chapter 1: Introduction]

Halsnæs et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch2.html Chapter 2: Framing Issues]

Fisher et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch3.html Chapter 3: Issues related to mitigation in the long-term context]

Sims et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch4.html Chapter 4: Energy Supply]

Kahn Ribeiro et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch5.html Chapter 5: Transport and its infrastructure]

Levine et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch6.html Chapter 6: Residential and commercial buildings]

Cai et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch7.html Chapter 7: Industry]

Smith et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch8.html Chapter 8: Agriculture]

Nabuurs et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch9.html Chapter 9: Forestry]

Bogner et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch10.html Chapter 10: Waste management]

Barker et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch11.html Chapter 11: Mitigation from a cross-sectoral perspective]

Sathaye et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch12.html Chapter 12: Sustainable Development and mitigation]

Gupta et al., [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch13.html Chapter 13: Policies, instruments, and co-operative arrangements]

IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/errataserrata-to.html Errata]

IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/annex1-en.html Glossary]: "example"

Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report
 * AR4 SYR Table of Contents

The AR4 Synthesis Report is organized differently from the Working Group reports, being comprised not of chapters, but of a Summary for Policymakers (SPM)(Introduction and five sections), the contained Synthesis Report (SYR)(Introduction, six Topics, and various sub-topics), and several annexes. The following models are provided for guidance. Note that the material in the SPM and SYR is derived from the other Working Group reports, and citing those reports directly is generally recommended.

Models:
 * IPCC, Summary for Policymakers, Section 1: Observed changes in climate and their effects, p. 2, in IPCC AR4 SYR 2007.
 * IPCC, Synthesis Report, Topic 3: Projected climate change and its impacts, Table SPM.1, p. 8, in IPCC AR4 SYR 2007.
 * IPCC, Synthesis Report, Glossary A-D: "climate change", in IPCC AR4 SYR 2007.

Citations of these forms can be assembled from the formatted text excerpts provided below (or minor modifications thereof). The excerpts can also be used in the citation or cite book templates; see Talk:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change/citation for guidance. Page numbers (optional) should be linked to the pdf files (urls below). If using citation templates: page numbers should follow the template, as there is a problem using the 'page' or 'pages' parameters.

Link to this report's full reference with: in.

Summary for Policymakers (SMP)

IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spm.html Summary for Policymakers],
 * 1) Author and "chapter":

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/ xxx Introduction],
 * 1) Location:

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spms1.html Section 1: Observed changes in climate and their effects],

[http://www:ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spms2.html Section 2: Causes of change],

[http://www:ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spms3.html Section 3: Projected climate change and its impacts],

[http://www:ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spms4.html Section 4: Adaptation and mitigation options],

[http://www:ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spms5.html Section 5: The long-term perspective],

p.,
 * 1) Link to pdf (for page numbers):

Synthesis Report (SYR)

IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/main.html Synthesis Report],
 * 1) Author and "chapter":

[http:/www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/mainssyr-introduction.html Introduction],
 * 1) Location (please use the most specific):

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/mains1.html Topic 1: Observed changes in climate and their effects], [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/mains1.html#1-1 Topic 1.1: Observations of climate change], 1.2: Observed effects of climate changes 1.3: Consistency of changes in physical and biological systems with warming 1.4: Some aspects of climate have not been observed to change

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/mains2.html Topic 2: Causes of change], 2.1: Emissions of long-lived GHGs 2.2: Drivers of climate change 2.3: Climate sensitivity and feedbacks 2.4: Attribution of climate change

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/mains3.html Topic 3: Climate change and its impacts in the near and long term under different scenarios], 3.1: Emissions scenarios 3.2: Projections of future changes in climate 3.3: Impacts of future climate changes 3.4: Risk of abrupt or irreversible changes

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/mains4.html Topic 4: Adaptation and mitigation options and responses, and the inter-relationship with sustainable development, at global and regional levels], 4.1: Responding to climate change 4.2: Adaptation options 4.3: Mitigation options 4.4: Relationship between adaptation and mitigation options and relationship with sustainable development 4.5: International and regional cooperation

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/mains5.html Topic 5: The long-term perspective: scientific and socio-economic aspects relevant to adaptation and mitigation, consistent with the objectives and provisions of the Convention, and in the context of sustainable development], 5.1: Risk management perspective 5.2: Key vulnerabilities, impacts and risks – long-term perspectives 5.3: Adaptation and mitigation 5.4: Emission trajectories for stabilisation 5.5: Technology flows and development 5.6: Costs of mitigation and long-term stabilisation targets 5.7: Costs, benefits and avoided climate impacts at global and regional levels 5.8: Broader environmental and sustainability issues

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/mains6.html Topic 6: Robust findings, key uncertainties], 6.1: Observed changes in climate and their effects, and their causes 6.2: Drivers and projections of future climate changes and their impacts 6.3: Responses to climate change

p.,
 * 1) Link to pdf (for page numbers):

Annexes IPCC, [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/main.html Synthesis Report],
 * 1) Author and "chapter":

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/annexessglossary-a-d.html Glossary A-D]: "climate change" (example)
 * 1) Location:

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/annexessglossary-e-i.html Glossary E-I]:

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/annexessglossary-j-p.html Glossary J-P]:

[http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/annexessglossary-r-z.html Glossary R-Z]:

See also: SAR, TAR, AR5.