Talk:Ilustrado

Spanish word for "ilustrado"
I have tagged the first sentence of the article with fact because the Spanish word for "enlightened one" is not ilustrado; it's iluminado. If anyone can find any references to prove that I'm wrong, then add them to the article and remove the template. Thank you. -- Boricua  e  ddie  02:05, 2 August 2007 (UTC)
 * Solved. -- Boricua  e  ddie  02:14, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

Racism
Racism is a political red flag in the Western world, but is perceived differently in Southeast Asia, of which the Philippine archipelago is apart. In Search of Southeast Asia : A modern History (revised edition, ISBN 0-8248-1110-0) makes clear that race is often a critical component of understanding movements in the region. Thus "full-blooded Filipino" might make readers see red, but it should be re-written to be more scholarly, NOT summarily deleted. Pawyilee (talk) 14:26, 8 January 2009 (UTC)
 * From above,

[A]s the sixteenth-century Malacca Code provided, penghulu had to:"make themselves well acquaiinted with the following subjects, otherwise their functions are thrown away upon them: first the Hukum Shera [religious law]; second, the Hukum Aki [principles of natural justice]; third, the Hukum Faal [principles of right conduct]; and fourth, the Hukum Adat [custom, and customary law]. This done, they may be termed men. [1] Chapter 38 of the Malacca Code, as given in T.J. Newbold, Political and Statistical Account of the British Settlements in the Straits of Malacca (London, 1839), 2:275-276."
 * p. 27

In the Philippines, an essentially Malay system of village organization was the basis upon which Spanish rule built its administration. The pre-Spanish chief, know as a datu, was retained in office and renamed cabeza de barangay, (village headman). His allegiance to the colonial regime was co-opted by increasing his privileges and guaranteeing his status. Since each village had a number of key families, the elders (principalia) reshaped the Spanish system to accord with high value placed on consensus. Although the headmanship was initially a hereditary position, it came in time to be rotated among the principalia who formed the village elite, from which the petty governor (gobernadorcillo) was selected. With the priest, the gobernadorcillo was of critical importance, since he was the fulcrum between the foreigners above him and the peasants below. He was usually the highest indio (indigenous) official in the Spanish bureaucracy, governing a pueblo composed of several barrios and at least five hundred adult tribute-tax-payers. Always deeply involved in the infighting among the principalia, this man also had clear administrative obligations to his superiors. He was expected to deliver tax revenues, goods, and labor for the polo tax and to serve the myriad other functions of government, and he was expected to remunerate himself for his services. As his ties were basically downward to the peasantry, his need to extract the required exactions, plus his own maintenance, put a constant strain on his relationship with the community.

By the middle of the eighteenth century,there was developing in Philippine rural society an economic elite increasingly interlocked with the principalia. This group, the caciques, derived wealth and power from landholding. Some inherited title to land, while others gained wealth through moneylending and foreclosure. Many of the latter emerged from th mestizo {mixed-blood) class; The impact of the caciques on the structure of the village was immense, as they came to play an increasingly important role in every aspect of village life. The loss of the empire in Latin America was a trauma from which the Spanish never fully recovered. Since they were also helpless to control the economic changes of the nineteenth century, they grew increasingly defensive. The specter of rebellion and bureaucratic inertia prevented them from undertaking the reforms the colonies needed. Suspicious of everything, they alienated even from the creoles [Spaniards born in colonies], who were, of course, also Caucasian.... Pawyilee (talk) 14:15, 12 January 2009 (UTC)
 * pp.166-167

Missing text
I'm not really sure how to fix this, but there appears to be a section of this article that is not visible from regular page. It's in this paragraph:

However, in 1872, nationalist sentiment grew strongest, when three Filipino priests, José Burgos, Mariano Gómez and friar Jacinto Zamora, who had been charged with leading a military mutiny at an arsenal in Cavite, near Manila, were executed by the Spanish authorities. The event and “other repressive acts outraitings and activities, Rizal was executed on December 30, 1896. His execution propelled the Ilustrados. This also prompted unity among the Ilustrados and Andrés Bonifacio’s radical Katipunan.[8] Philippine policies by the United States reinforced the dominant position of the Ilustrados within Filipino society. Friar estates were sold to the Ilustrados and most government positions were offered to them.[10] !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! is a fictional account of a young Filipino investigating the life of his mentor, Crispin Salvador, after the man’s death. The novel presents Salvador as if he were a real-life writer and thinker, and spans 150 years of Philippine history. In 2008 Ilustrado won the second annual Man Asian Literary Prize.[11] Manila-born Syjuco was until recently a copy editor for the Montreal Gazette.[12]

The part where I typed !!!!!!!!!!!!!! is where a section of the article is not appearing in the webpage. Thanks! OffTheMap13 20:00, 2 September 2014 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Offthemap13 (talk • contribs)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20121009102022/http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/grimsley1/milhis/phil.htm to http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/grimsley1/milhis/phil.htm
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761558570_11/Philippines.html

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