Talk:Kounis syndrome

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Professor Nicholas G Kounis, cardiologist from Greece was the first to observe and take  a previously underrated, scattered and rarely diagnosed,  clinical phenomena, described the pathophysiology and introduced in 1991, for the first time in the world medical literature, the term: the syndrome of  "allergic angina" (1)(2). Subsequently, Professor Constantinides in 1995, (the discoverer of plaque erosion of rupture as prerequisite for acute coronary syndromes) in an editorial in the journal "Circulation"  raised the possibility that allergic reactions could promote plaque disruption (3). Additionally, Professor Braunwald in 1998, in another editorial again in "Circulation" noted that vasospastic angina can be induced by allergic reaction with mediators acting on coronary vascular smooth muscle (4). Eventually, other scientists named and reported it as "Kounis syndrome" in 2003 (5).

Kounis syndrome might have profound clinical and therapeutic implications because the same mediators, released during acute allergic episodes, are increased in blood or urine of patients suffering from acute coronary syndromes of nonallergic etiology. Consequently, the same substances from the same cells are present in both acute allergic episodes and acute coronary syndromes. Does, therefore, Kounis syndrome represent a magnificent natural paradigm and nature’s own experiment in a final trigger pathway implicated in cases of coronary artery spasm and plaque rupture? Drugs and natural molecules which stabilize mast cell membrane and monoclonal antibodies that protect mast cell surface could emerge as novel therapeutic modalities capable to prevent acute coronary and cerebrovascular events.

1. Kounis NG, Zavras GM. Histamine-induced coronary artery spasm: the concept of allergic angina. Br J Clin Pract 1991; 45: 121-128

2. Waller BF. Non atherosclerotic coronary heart disease. In: Fuster V, Wane Alexander A, O'Rourke RA, editors. Hurst's The Heart, 11th edn. New York: Mcgraw-Hill; 2004.p.113

3. Constantinides P. Infiltrates of activated mast cells at the site of coronary atheromatous erosion or rupture in myocardial infarction. Circulation 1995; 92: 1083

4. Braunwald E. Unstable angina. An etiologic approach to management. Circulation 1998; 98: 2219-2222

5. Zavras GM, Papadaki PJ, Kokkinis CE, et al. Kounis syndrome secondary to allergic reaction following shellfish ingestion. Int J Clin Pract 2003; 57: 622-624

Disparaging statements need attribution
Articles containing disparaging statements and unsourced or poorly sourced contentious material should be removed per Attribution. --Lambiam 15:52, 2 July 2011 (UTC)

Literature
2010: Biteker M. Current understanding of Kounis syndrome. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2010; 6: 777-788
 * 1950: Pfister CW, et al. Acute myocardial infarction during a prolonged allergic reaction to penicillin. Am Heart J 1950; 40: 945
 * 1965: Zosin P, et al. Allergic myocardial infarction. Romanian Medical Review 1965;19: 26
 * 1991: Kounis NG, et al. Histamine-induced coronary artery spasm: the syndrome of allergic angina. Br J Clin Pract 1991; 45: 121
 * 1995: Constantinides P. “ Allergic reactions can promote plaque disruption” Circulation 1995; 92: 1083
 * 1996: Kounis NG, et al. Allergic angina and allergic myocardial infarction. Circulation 1996; 94: 1789
 * 1998: Braunwald E. “ Allergic reactions with mediators such as histamine or leukotrienes acting on coronary smooth muscle can induce vasospastic angina” Circulation 1998;98: 2219
 * 2003: Zavras GM, et al. Kounis syndrome secondary to allergic reaction. Int J Clin Pract 2003; 57: 62
 * 2006: Kounis NG. Kounis syndrome. Int J Cardiol 2006; 119: 7
 * 2006: Kounis NG, et al. Hypersensitivity to DES: a manifestation of Kounis syndrome? J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 48: 592
 * 2007: Kounis NG, et al. Coronary stents, Hypersensitivity and the Kounis Syndrome. J Interv Cardiol 2007; 20: 314
 * 2008:Tavil Y, et al. Kounis syndrome secondary to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid use. Int J Cardiol. 2008 20; 124: e4-7
 * 2009: Chen JP, Hou D, Pendyala L, Goudevenos JA, Kounis NG. Drug-eluting stent thrombosis: the Kounis hypersensitivity-associated acute coronary syndrome revisited. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2009; 2: 583-93.

2010: Lopez PR, Peiris AN. Kounis syndrome. South Med J. 2010; 103: 1148-1155

Moved here from main page. We need to use inline refs. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 15:04, 7 December 2011 (UTC)

Copyvio
Most of the content of this article was copied and pasted from 10.2217/fca.11.63, of which Kounis himself is the first author (and I suspect is the same). The content was added by in 2011-12 and never identified as a copyvio. I have slashed the section that obviously copied, but I'm sure there is more that needs to be revised or removed. JFW &#124; T@lk  11:02, 27 October 2017 (UTC)