Talk:Ma Fuxiang

Beiyang
I corrected some minor spelling errors, and that, not throughout the article. I also felt that "pissed off" was not encyclopedic and replaced it with "very angry". I'm here as a learner, so, if "pissed off" suits... revert if you've a mind to. (Duane44 (talk) 02:24, 14 November 2010 (UTC))
 * Please, tell me when that "legendary" battle of Shanhaiguan took place? There were no Muslim troops in Shanhaiguan when it surrendered to Russian troops without any battle - only provicial troops of Fengtian. So called Gansu braves were at Sept. 1900 far away in the Saanxi!!! And please, tell me how cavalry could torpedo Russian ships? And how Russian man-of-war could appear in the area of Shanhaiguan when Russian troops marched by land? By the way the nianhua with the "Russian paddle steamer being torpedoed by troops of Dong Fuxiang" is completely false - the ONLY paddle man-of-war in the Chinese coastal waters was USS "Monocacy"! No paddle steamers on Russian Navy at that time at all!

Please check the info from valuable sources, not nianhua and alike pics!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 109.229.139.62 (talk) 20:36, 26 November 2010 (UTC)


 * All sources i checked say that the british, and no one else, won the battle of shanhaiguan. It was occupied by british troops and no russians were at the fort.Дунгане (talk) 04:56, 15 January 2011 (UTC)

ma fuxiang, the woold trade, and the gelaohui
Zhang Guangjian page 30

Ma Fuxiang page 38

http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:ryPtj5bHAyIJ:www9.georgetown.edu/faculty/millwarj/website%2520images/LONGWOOL.doc+ma+fuxiang+tibet+mongolia+china+life+death&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgPNJ9zBBcZ0j4BIpmRtSi0aNr0pZV-A9qa-fSzQD9EuagJbpxGk6GF1CPaSiWr9YMY_37vx53-O4XPXIWOazgjgDYcuLwkAyaKhB-mDyW90o8LnFMZHYL2HVPpNomy1CBw7PKB&sig=AHIEtbSJHqDltQOHYstyVS83PFSI0aEz4A

http://www.cityache.com:8080/showItem/showDetail/11783034.html

22:25, 3 June 2011 (UTC)

https://web.archive.org/web/20120905101002/http://www.cityache.com:8080/showItem/showDetail/11783034.html

Copyright problem removed
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. The material was copied from: http://books.google.com/books?id=sy2FOZy0kTsC&pg=PA23&dq=ma+fu-hsiang&hl=en&ei=AXkzTKenI8GqlAfS1bS-Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=ma%20fu-hsiang&f=false. Infringing material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.) For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences or phrases. Accordingly, the material may be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. Quigley (talk) 02:33, 28 June 2011 (UTC) Quigley (talk) 02:33, 28 June 2011 (UTC)

muslim education at chengda normal school
http://www.cairn.info/resume.php?ID_ARTICLE=EXTRO_033_0143

Mendsetting (talk) 03:35, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

Description of ma fuxiang
On page 187 http://books.google.com/books?id=fdk8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA110&lpg=PA110&dq=kansu+braves+imperialist+western&source=bl&ots=rlj92fHUh0&sig=fMkUBq5qDdak9n1k-FAtZPHZq6I&hl=en#v=onepage&q=Chinese%20general%20commanding%20moslem&f=false

Mendsetting (talk) 03:38, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

Ma fuxiang, ma yuanzhang, and zhang guangjian
http://books.google.com/books?id=Y8Nzux7z6KAC&dq=Fuxiang+said%2C+%22I+shall+send+people+to+urge+them&q=Plate+16#v=onepage&q=Irritating%20expensive%20&f=false

Mendsetting (talk) 04:46, 5 September 2012 (UTC)

Governance
http://books.google.com/books?id=JbGaMUZ6j5IC&pg=PA223#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=JbGaMUZ6j5IC&pg=PA224&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=eiakUKvbGInf0gGLv4HABA&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=ma%20fuxiang&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=Bx83dlLMPdMC&pg=PA88#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=BsAQwUHNAosC&pg=PA62&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=QiGkUKjBJ--20QHnx4HgBA&ved=0CC8Q6AEwADgU#v=onepage&q=ma%20fuxiang&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=03catqbPCmgC&pg=PA93&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=QiGkUKjBJ--20QHnx4HgBA&ved=0CEoQ6AEwCTgU#v=onepage&q=ma%20fuxiang&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=Y8Nzux7z6KAC&pg=PA168&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=eiakUKvbGInf0gGLv4HABA&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAw

http://books.google.com/books?id=gLo5d1pZR74C&pg=PA342&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=eiakUKvbGInf0gGLv4HABA&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=ma%20fuxiang&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=iWAGUYLgAU8C&pg=PA144&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=eiakUKvbGInf0gGLv4HABA&ved=0CEwQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=ma%20fuxiang&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=MOK2HJ7BHigC&pg=PA282&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=SiekUIHIHI-I0QHNxoCwDA&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=ma%20fuxiang&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=g3C2B9oXVbQC&pg=PA47#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=zeSeAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA77&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=gy2kUMuyHOen0AHX5oGIDA&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBjgU#v=onepage&q=ma%20fuxiang&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=7Kz111Lie-0C&pg=PA93#v=onepage&q&f=false

Page 252 Ma Fuxiang was the most powerful and most qualified candidate. He had served under Dong Fuxiang at Beijing, had fought for the Qing then the Republic, had a solid base of support among the Muslims. He had been in command at Ningxia ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=w8REAQAAIAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Hi6kUNmIH5O60QGz94D4Bw&ved=0CC8Q6AEwADgo

Title	The border world of Gansu, 1895-1935 Author	Jonathan Neaman Lipman Publisher	Stanford University, 1980 Length	686 pages

Page 281 1977, an Ikhwani imam of Linxia): 79 Ma Enxin (contemporary Muslim Chinese intellectual and educator of Yunnan): 76 Ma Fulong (d. 1970, an Ikhwani imam, disciple of Hu Songshan): 71 Ma Fuxiang (d. 1932, Muslim scholar and warlord): ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=NyhtAAAAMAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Hi6kUNmIH5O60QGz94D4Bw&ved=0CDsQ6AEwBDgo

Title	Devout societies vs. impious states?: transmitting Islamic learning in Russia, Central Asia and China, through the twentieth century : proceedings of an international colloquium held in the Carré des Sciences, French Ministry of Research, Paris, November 12-13, 2001 Volume 258 of Islamkundliche Untersuchungen Editor	Stéphane A. Dudoignon Publisher	Schwarz, 2004 Original from	the University of Michigan Digitized	Aug 21, 2008 ISBN 3879973148, 9783879973149 Length	292 pages

Page 82

Under Ma Fuxiang the Suiyuan military governorship gained a fully-fledged Department of Industry and a Department of Education (the evolution of the Suiyuan Department of Education is discussed in further detail in Chapter Four). 82 ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=puxwAAAAMAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BWikULGgIrK00AGK3IHABQ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwADgy

Title	Constructing Suiyuan: the politics of northwestern territory and development in early twentieth-century China Volume 15 of Brill's Inner Asian library Author	Justin Tighe Edition	illustrated Publisher	Brill, 2005 Original from	the University of Michigan Digitized	Sep 9, 2008 ISBN 9004144668, 9789004144668 Length	297 pages

Page 52

It too was a family legacy, passed on from Ma Qianling to Ma Fulu to Ma Fuxiang to Ma Hongkui. Its top echelon had close ties to Hongkui: of seventeen army, brigade, divisional, and regimental commanders listed by the warlord's son, ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=kDxtAAAAMAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BWikULGgIrK00AGK3IHABQ&ved=0CDIQ6AEwATgy

Title	Annals, Volumes 1-5 Author	Association for Asian Studies. Southeast Conference Publisher	The Conference, 1979 Original from	the University of Michigan Digitized	Aug 21, 2008

Page 229

Ma Fuxiang (1876-1932) led a modernist group called the Neixiang ( Assimilationist) clique; their ideology was a syncretic Islamic-Confucianism which tied the northwestern Hui ineluctably to China. (16) But not all of the warlords were ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=4RUiAQAAMAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BWikULGgIrK00AGK3IHABQ&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAjgy

Title	Chinese Republican Studies Newsletter, Volumes 1-7 Contributors	University of Connecticut. Dept. of History, Denison University. Dept. of History, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Center for Asian Studies Publisher	Center for Asian Studies, University of Illinois, 1975 Original from	University of Minnesota Digitized	May 18, 2011 Page 20

(23) Ma Fulu died defending Beijing against the foreign armies in 1900, but his brother, son, and nephew (Ma Fuxiang, Ma Hongbin, and Ma Hongkui respectively) became EBB members and important regional warlords during the Republican ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=lSxYAAAAMAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BWikULGgIrK00AGK3IHABQ&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAzgy

Title	Papers from the Conference on Chinese Local Elites and Patterns of Dominance, Banff, August 20-24, 1987, Volume 3 Papers from the Conference on Chinese Local Elites and Patterns of Dominance, Banff, August 20-24, 1987, Joint Committee on Chinese Studies (U.S.) Author	Joint Committee on Chinese Studies (U.S.) Published	1987

Page 43

http://books.google.com/books?id=WltwAAAAMAAJ&q=Ma+fuxiang+han+hui+zhili&dq=Ma+fuxiang+han+hui+zhili&hl=en&sa=X&ei=VHikUOamNabp0gGL8IGYBw&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA

Title	China's inner Asian frontier: photographs of the Wulsin expedition to northwest China in 1923 : from the archives of the Peabody Museum, Harvard University, and the National Geographic Society Authors	Frederick Roelker Wulsin, Joseph Fletcher, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, National Geographic Society (U.S.), Peabody Museum of Salem Editor	Mary Ellen Alonso Contributor	Pacific Asia Museum Edition	illustrated Publisher	The Museum : distributed by Harvard University Press, 1979 Original from	the University of Michigan Digitized	Sep 8, 2008 ISBN 0674119681, 9780674119680 Length	108 pages — Preceding unsigned comment added by Rajmaan (talk • contribs) 05:12, 15 November 2012 (UTC)

http://books.google.com/books?id=Wn4iv_RJv8oC&pg=PA142&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0mmkULPAEuSB0QHD9ID4BA&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAThG#v=onepage&q=ma%20fuxiang&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=WSl5cl_wt24C&pg=PA403&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JGqkUMH5LOSn0AH86YCQDw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwBThQ#v=onepage&q=ma%20fuxiang&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=WSl5cl_wt24C&pg=PA261#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=WSl5cl_wt24C&pg=PA373#v=onepage&q&f=false

Page 43

At Baotou the jurisdiction of the central Beijing government was a reality, but the government was caught up in the warlord factional struggles of the Zhili clique, and military control rested with a Muslim general, Ma Fuxiang, whose family had ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=WltwAAAAMAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=7mqkUK7JL4T30gGh-YG4Dg&ved=0CEcQ6AEwCDha

Title	China's inner Asian frontier: photographs of the Wulsin expedition to northwest China in 1923 : from the archives of the Peabody Museum, Harvard University, and the National Geographic Society Authors	Frederick Roelker Wulsin, Joseph Fletcher, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, National Geographic Society (U.S.), Peabody Museum of Salem Editor	Mary Ellen Alonso Contributor	Pacific Asia Museum Edition	illustrated Publisher	The Museum : distributed by Harvard University Press, 1979 Original from	the University of Michigan Digitized	Sep 8, 2008 ISBN 0674119681, 9780674119680 Length	108 pages

Page 239

MA FUXIANG (MA FU-HSIANG) □ 238 CALLIGRAPHY Hanging scroll; ink on paper. The character 'Hu' written in Cao Shu (Ts'ao Shu). Four seals of the artist. 5/1/2 x 22H inches (128.2 x 56.8 cm.) Ma Fuxiang was one of the 'Five Ma's' ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=CZMeAQAAMAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=7mqkUK7JL4T30gGh-YG4Dg&ved=0CEoQ6AEwCTha

Title	Oriental Art Sales, Volumes 743-772 Author	Sotheby Parke Bernet Inc Publisher	Sotheby Parke Bernet Inc., 1980 Original from	University of Minnesota Digitized	Mar 30, 2011

http://books.google.com/books?id=PaLTPQAACAAJ&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BWykUN7aDITk0QHatYDoCQ&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBjhQ

Title	The Crescent in North-West China. With Illustrations Author	G. Findlay Andrew Published	1921

Page 437

Now dKon-mchog-gro-nyi has arrived in Beijing, and will discuss all the Tibetan issues with Mr. Ma Fuxiang, ... I am pleased to know Ma Fuxiang, chairman of the Commission for Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs, will handle Tibetan affairs.

http://books.google.com/books?id=9Ak_AQAAIAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JWykUJH3Aei40gHpxYDwAw&ved=0CC8Q6AEwADhk

Title	China Tibetology, Issues 6-11 Contributor	Zhongguo Zang xue yan jiu zhong xin Publisher	Office for the Journal China Tibetology, 2006

Page 34

In his telegraph to Tang, Ma Fuxiang, head of the MTAC, also ordered Tang to withdraw from the agreement with the Tibetans, because Ma believed that "some of Nanjing's political rivalries were using this event to achieve their political ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=YD0sAQAAIAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JWykUJH3Aei40gHpxYDwAw&ved=0CEoQ6AEwCThk

Title	The Journal of the Oriental Society of Australia, Volumes 31-34 Contributor	Oriental Society of Australia Publisher	Oriental Society of Australia, 2000 Page 217

18 Ma Fuxiang (Head of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission) to Tang Kesan, December 23, 1931, in YXZG, Vol. 6, p. 2570. In his telegraph to Tang in Kanze, Ma revealed that "some of the Kuomintang's political rivalries were using ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=PgAOAQAAMAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0WykUJTBOKfN0AHdjoCgDA&ved=0CDIQ6AEwADhu

Title	American Journal of Chinese Studies, Volume 13 Contributor	American Association for Chinese Studies Publisher	American Association for Chinese Studies, 2006 Original from	Indiana University Digitized	Aug 5, 2010 During the Republic of China era, Hui people - such as Ma Fuxiang. Ma Hongbing and Ma Hongkui -- took office, in turns, in the Ningxia Hui region. Naturally, that helped improve relations between the Hui and Han people. Considering the overall interests of different classes, the Ma family had never shown any intention of mistreating the Han people,

http://books.google.com/books?id=nd0uAQAAIAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0WykUJTBOKfN0AHdjoCgDA&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAThu

Title	China's Ethnic Groups, Issues 1-4 Contributor	China. Guo jia min wei Publisher	Ethnic Groups Unity Publishing House, 2004

Page 127

The available version is a reprint that appeared in Chengdu, Sichuan Province in 1872; this was followed by another reprint in 1933 by Ma Fuxiang. This version was then incorporated in the Zhongguo Huizu Dianji Congshu (Series of ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=rv0iAQAAIAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0WykUJTBOKfN0AHdjoCgDA&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAjhu

Title	Encyclopedia of women & Islamic cultures, Volume 1 Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures, Suad Joseph, ISBN 9004132473, 9789004132474 Authors	Suad Joseph, Afsaneh Najmabadi Editors	Suad Joseph, Afsaneh Najmabadi Contributor	Suad Joseph Edition	illustrated Publisher	Brill, 2003 Original from	the University of California Digitized	Dec 10, 2009 ISBN 9004132473, 9789004132474 Length	594 pages

Page 31 on ma fuxiang opium trafficking

Page 236

77 Lu Rongting, 190n. 33 Lushan Bandit Suppression Conference, 130-131 Lu Yongxiang, 23, 24, 180n. 75 Madame Tussaud's Wax Museum, 1 12 Ma Fuxiang, 31 Ma Kongfan, 128 Mao Guangxiang, 122, 127 Mao Zedong, 14, 65, 148, 154, ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=zAzEAAAAIAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0WykUJTBOKfN0AHdjoCgDA&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAzhu

Title	Opium, state, and society: China's narco-economy and the Guomindang, 1924-1937 Author	Edward R. Slack Edition	illustrated Publisher	University of Hawai'i Press, 2001 ISBN 0824822781, 9780824822781 Length	240 pages

Page 132

... Sichuan warlords were claimed by the Dalai Lama to have been instigated by and involved the Panchen Lama's followers. See: the Dalai Lama to Ma Fuxiang ( Head of the MTAC), Dec. 28, 1930, YXZG, Vol. 6, p.2544; IOR, L/P&S/10/1088.

http://books.google.com/books?id=ZoptAAAAMAAJ&q=ma+fuxiang&dq=ma+fuxiang&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0WykUJTBOKfN0AHdjoCgDA&ved=0CD4Q6AEwBDhu

Title	Journal of Asian History, Volumes 36-37 Publisher	O. Harrassowitz., 2002 Original from	the University of Michigan Digitized	Aug 25, 2008

http://books.google.com/books?id=IsdBkH-XP_kC&pg=PA53&dq=Ma+fu+hsiang+mixed&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zXGkUKG5A66H0QHM1IHoDw&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Ma%20fu%20hsiang%20mixed&f=false

Page 28

Chinese Government also did later) against the separation of Urianehai from Outer Mongolia ; a Mixed Commission was ... General Ma Fu-hsiang delivered his inaugural Address, of which the following is a summary : "The convocation of the ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=_wMoAAAAMAAJ&q=Ma+fu+hsiang+mixed&dq=Ma+fu+hsiang+mixed&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zXGkUKG5A66H0QHM1IHoDw&ved=0CE0Q6AEwCQ

Title	The China Year Book Author	Henry George Wandesforde Woodhead Editor	Henry Thurburn Montague Bell Publisher	North China Daily News & Herald, 1931 Original from	the University of Michigan Digitized	Jan 30, 2007

Page 184

Ma Fu-hsiang ; received his military training at a Military School in Kansu; after many years of service in the Army, he rose ... of the horder regions of Ninghsia, Shensi and Mongolia, 1916; Commander of the 6th Mixed Brigade of Kansu Army, ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=F29xAAAAMAAJ&q=Ma+fu+hsiang+mixed&dq=Ma+fu+hsiang+mixed&hl=en&sa=X&ei=GHakUJSJPMWu0AHP_YGwAw&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAjgK

Title	Who's who in China Author	China weekly review Publisher	China weekly review., 1936 Original from	the University of Michigan Digitized	Sep 10, 2008

Page 660

And so the ex-Governor's guest-court that day became the meeting place of very mixed cultures. ... The command was transferred to his brother Ma Fu-hsiang, who, in the early days of the Chinese Republic, served as Governor of Anhwei and ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=CKc5AQAAIAAJ&q=Ma+fu+hsiang+mixed&dq=Ma+fu+hsiang+mixed&hl=en&sa=X&ei=GHakUJSJPMWu0AHP_YGwAw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBzgK

Title	Asia: Journal of the American Asiatic Association, Volume 40 Contributor	American Asiatic Association Publisher	Asia Magazine, 1940

Page 73

General Ma Fu-hsiang, noted Chinese [ohammedan leader, appointed chairman of the Anhwei tcvincial Government to ... Yuan received a tele- ra from the Shanghai Bar Association suggesting re- anization of the French Mixed Court along ...

http://books.google.com/books?id=8IETAAAAIAAJ&q=Ma+fu+hsiang+mixed&dq=Ma+fu+hsiang+mixed&hl=en&sa=X&ei=GHakUJSJPMWu0AHP_YGwAw&ved=0CEcQ6AEwCDgK

Title	The China Monthly Review, Volume 52 Publisher	J.W. Powell, 1930

Page 588

The most prominent leader in this progressive group i6 General Ma Fu-hsiang, the Hu Chun Shih at Ninghsia and a Chinese scholar of no mean ability. The most powerful of the reactionaries was Ma An-liang, the once all- powerful chief who died ... to mix politics with religion he would have cut his head off without warrant or permission in front of the Ma mansion in the south suburb of the city of Hochow.

http://books.google.com/books?id=Yn9CAQAAIAAJ&q=Ma+fu+hsiang+mixed&dq=Ma+fu+hsiang+mixed&hl=en&sa=X&ei=GHakUJSJPMWu0AHP_YGwAw&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBjgK

Title	The Far Eastern Review, Engineering, Finance, Commerce, Volume 15 Published	1919 Rajmaan (talk) 05:03, 15 November 2012 (UTC)

Ma Fuxiang's term as military governor of Suiyuan
http://books.google.com/books?id=K-48AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA474#v=onepage&q&f=false

69 82 138

http://books.google.com/books?ei=pMopUd-6NYrK0wG91IDICA&id=puxwAAAAMAAJ&dq=baotou+opium&q=Fuxiang#search_anchor

106

http://books.google.com/books?id=JnzaAAAAMAAJ&q=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&dq=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BcspUZnWA-my0QHU9YGABQ&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAg

"General Ma Fu Hsiang became Military Governor of Suiyuan in the early part of 1921, but too late to take steps to prevent the cultivation of opium. Opium appears to have been freely cultivated throughout Suiyuan under the protection and at ..."

584

http://books.google.com/books?id=LhQfAQAAMAAJ&q=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&dq=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BcspUZnWA-my0QHU9YGABQ&ved=0CFIQ6AEwBg

"SUIYUAN. The opium monopoly established by the late Tutung Ma Fu-hsiang did a very flourishing business during 1924. In the impeachment of the Tutun* by Senators they accused him of establishing the monopoly, encourage* cultivation, ..."

890

http://books.google.com/books?id=Tb8ZAAAAIAAJ&q=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&dq=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BcspUZnWA-my0QHU9YGABQ&ved=0CFYQ6AEwBw

"The opium situation in Suiyuan is so bad that even the new Tutung, the Mahornmedan General Ma Fu-hsiang, who has never permitted tho cultivation of poppy in his native province of Kansu confesses his hopelessness to cope with or even ..."

171

http://books.google.com/books?id=4RUiAQAAMAAJ&q=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&dq=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&hl=en&sa=X&ei=mc0pUcqkBIr09gSH8IDQAg&ved=0CC8Q6AEwADgK

"Ma An-liang's successor, Ma Fu-hsiang, was likewise both an officer in Tung Fu- hsiang' s army and a Ho-chou man. ... and benefitted from, the late Ch'ing modernization projects: army reform, opium suppression, colonization in Chinghai, ..."

79

http://books.google.com/books?id=8LntAAAAMAAJ&q=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&dq=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&hl=en&sa=X&ei=mc0pUcqkBIr09gSH8IDQAg&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAjgK

"The Ho Chou Mohammedans made up a large part of Ma Fu-hsiang's cavalry when he was governor of the northwest, ... In those days, under the direction of their own officers, they brought down a great deal of opium from Kan-su, making a ..."

47

http://books.google.com/books?id=hBvnAAAAMAAJ&q=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&dq=ma+fu+hsiang+opium&hl=en&sa=X&ei=mc0pUcqkBIr09gSH8IDQAg&ved=0CE4Q6AEwBjgK

"General Ma Fu-hsiang Meets General Crowd in Front of Hokkaido Building Formosa Building of the ... In 1918 death came to the venerable Ma An-liang, who had kept his people from sectarian strife and opium and compelled them to live at ..."

http://books.google.com/books?id=GoSrAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA54#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=fdk8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PR6#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=0I7ML6rrzN0C&pg=PA53#v=onepage&q&f=false

Rajmaan (talk) 08:25, 24 February 2013 (UTC)

Term as Governor of Suiyuan during the Beiyang regime
Ma Fuxiang encouraged opium cultivation during his term as military governor of suiyuan, at the same time, he promoted education in the province and helped native Suiyuan residents ascend to positions of power

http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-NMGS200706009.htm

Rajmaan (talk) 05:02, 8 April 2013 (UTC)

Calligraphy
One of Ma Fuxiang's works in Chinese calligraphy was auctioned at Christies, a rending of the Chinese character for "Tiger". The Lot Notes states that Mount Tai's Jade Emperor Peak also has one of his calligraphic works located there.

http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/paintings/ma-fuxiang-one-stroke-tiger-5347715-details.aspx

Rajmaan (talk) 21:48, 12 March 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Ma Fuxiang. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110707041249/http://www.nxda.gov.cn/index.do?method=show&xxid=497 to http://www.nxda.gov.cn/index.do?method=show&xxid=497

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 07:06, 29 May 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 external links on Ma Fuxiang. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150924023940/http://www.gs.xinhuanet.com/dfpd/2011-01/04/content_21782701.htm to http://www.gs.xinhuanet.com/dfpd/2011-01/04/content_21782701.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20141030050904/http://dev.gansudaily.com.cn/system/2011/09/29/012201290_01.shtml to http://dev.gansudaily.com.cn/system/2011/09/29/012201290_01.shtml
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150924023958/http://www.gscn.com.cn/figure/system/2013/04/08/010311002.shtml to http://www.gscn.com.cn/figure/system/2013/04/08/010311002.shtml
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130513183437/http://www.elycn.com/gs/lx/015/003.htm to http://www.elycn.com/gs/lx/015/003.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 04:17, 11 January 2018 (UTC)