Talk:Motivation/Archives/2023/June

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 16 March 2020 and 6 May 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Glove4127.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 01:14, 18 January 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 4 January 2021 and 14 April 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Danjake4. Peer reviewers: Danjake4.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 01:14, 18 January 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 27 August 2018 and 10 December 2018. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Brassinstructor.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 04:30, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

I want to add more information about motivation in Indigenous communities. This is what I have so far. Please let me know if you have any suggestions.
In some Indigenous communities in the Americas, motivation is a driving force for learning. Children are incorporated and welcomed to participate in daily activities and thus feel motivated to participate because they seek a sense of belonging in their families and communities. Children’s participation is encouraged and their learning is supported by their community and family, furthering their motivation. Children are also supported and trusted to be active contributors. Their active participation allows them to learn and gain skills that are valuable and useful in their communities. Children's motivation to participate changes as they transition from early childhood to middle childhood. In both the Indigenous communities of Quechua and Rioja in Peru, children often experience a transition in which they become more included into their family’s and community’s endeavors. This changes their position and role in their families to more responsible ones and leading to an increase in their eagerness to participate and belong. As children go through this transition, they often develop a sense of identity within their family and community. The transition from childhood to adolescence can be seen in the amount of work children partake in as this changes over time. For example, Yucatec Mayan children's play time decreases from childhood to adolescence and as the child gets older, is replaced for time spent working. In childhood the work is initiated by others whereas in adolescence it is self initiated. The shift in initiation and the change in time spent working versus playing shows the children’s motivation to participate in order to learn. This transition between childhood and adolescence increases motivation because children gain social responsibility within their families. In some Mexican communities of Indigenous-heritage, the contributions that children make within their community is essential to being social beings, establishes their developing roles, and also helps with developing their relationship with their family and community. As children gain more roles and responsibilities within their families, their eagerness to participate also increases. For example, Young Mayan children of San Pedro, Guatemala learn to work in the fields and family run businesses because they are motivated to contribute to their family. Many San Pedro women learned to weave by watching their mothers sew when they were children, sometimes earning their own wool through doing small tasks such as watching young children of busy mothers. Eager to learn and contribute, these young girls helped other members of their community in order to help their mothers with their weaving businesses or through other tasks such as helping carry water while young boys helped with tasks such as carrying firewood alongside their fathers. Children’s motivation to learn is not solely influenced on their desire to belong but also their eagerness to see their community succeed. Children from Navajo communities were shown to have higher levels of social concern than Anglo American children in their schools. By having high levels of social concern the indigenous children are showing concern for not only their learning but also their peers’, which serves as an example of their instilled sense of responsibility for their community. They wish to succeed as a united group rather than just themselves. In order to be knowledgeable contributors, children must be aware of their surroundings and community’s goals. Children’s learning in Indigenous-heritage communities is mainly based upon observing and helping out others in their community. Through this type of participation within their community, they gain purpose and motivation for the activity that they are doing within their community and become active participants because they know they are doing it for their community.

New type of Motivation: Inherent Motivation
I am planning to add a section on a new type of motivation referred to as Inherent Motivation. In some communities, individuals perform tasks to benefit their community. As supposed to feeling obligated to help simply because others need them too, they participate in communal activities to mutually benefit the community they are a part of. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jw1244 (talk • contribs) 22:38, 13 May 2014 (UTC)


 * I am working on a project for class based on the same idea. My group and I are going to make a contribution to the existing motivation page.  Do you have a sandbox with ideas? Ktbrown14 (talk) 19:56, 19 October 2016 (UTC)ktbrown14


 * This sounds like a synonym for . Biogeographist (talk) 01:56, 21 October 2016 (UTC)

Will like to contribute
Hello I am here because of a class project. So I have to contribute to articles on wikipedia. I want to contribute to subtitle Achievement Motivation. Check out the sandbox. Anthony's Achievement Motivation Sandbox thanks in advance.

Ant N York (talk) 19:45, 8 May 2013 (UTC) i think its a wonderful and valuable article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 111.68.103.25 (talk) 11:48, 14 June 2013 (UTC)

Endless Problems Here!
Hi there! I have several issues with this entry, with the exceptions of my own texts. 1. Why was my introductory text removed? As it is now, I'm very displeased with the change. Authority bias disclaimer. I teach psychology at the university. I've written a thesis on motivation. I have an ongoing research project on motivation. By these notions, I should have some kind of authority here, yes? When I teach, my students read text books and Internet sources. They repeatedly and consistently confuse motivation with emotion and personality. Therefore, I wish that my initial text that explains the differences between these concepts should be reinstated. Furthermore, the Geen (1995) definition is not a simple opinion - it's the most accepted definition in the research community. As written now, it appears that this Geen fellow just has an opinion, whereas the initial text is something else, right?

2. There is a major difference between research perspectives on motivation. If you have a textbook on management, organizational psychology, leadership or even economy, you will find that the definitions and theories in there will not mesh very well with theories in educational psychology. There are different paradigms and the criticism from one to the other is very harsh, particularly researchers who feel that empirical evidence is critical for progress in the field such as educational psychologists (who often try to motivate pupils in school contexts). Other researchers, or philosophers, (who writes about working contexts) feel that writing about what they think about people's or employees' intentions, motives and motivation is interesting and useful. The former group tend to dismiss the latter's texts and theories as bullshit. This is also evident in these forums. Just check out the entry on Maslow. Therefore, I suggest breaking up this entry into these two perspectives. If we do not break it up more cleverly, this entry will very likely confuse readers. I myself am quite sceptical, and I strongly dislike the fact that some very poor or heavily criticized theories are put alongside theories with much better (or any) scientific standing. For the unskilled layman, this gives the impression that they are of equal value within the scientific community, which is simply not true.

How about this? "Motivation is studied in various academic and corporal fields, roughly, these fields can be categorized into... A. Educational psychology B. Animal psychology C. Organizational psychology D. Economic theories E. Philosophical ideas F. Whatever more someone else might come up with

3. I hope, for dear science, that Freud's ideas on subconscious motivation will not be included here. Just because a famous person say something does not make it true. I suggest that anyone who wishes to write about that, there will be plenty of space under the Freud as person entry. However, using Bargh's preconscious motivation or intention is okay with me. Clebo (talk) 01:01, 27 November 2007 (UTC) Clebo Clebo (talk) 01:01, 27 November 2007 (UTC)


 * Your views are welcome because we really need someone with expertise to work on this article. Motivation is primarily a branch of psychology and therefore psychological theories and research evidence should form the core of the article. Rather than split the article now, I suggest that you just go ahead and develop high quality content. Non-scientific perspectives on motivation (with proper citations) could be accommodated in separate sections until the article becomes too large, at which time we could think about how to split it or take some other action. Nesbit (talk) 04:01, 27 November 2007 (UTC)


 * While I agree with Clebo's reasoning in general, I object to his use of the term "hairy balls" in particular, and I'm sure that I'm not alone in being glad that his edit was reverted. Clebo, lets show a bit more professionalism in your participation at wikipedia ok? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.77.138.1 (talk) 17:47, 1 April 2009 (UTC)

SHOUTING WILL NOT BE TOLERATED
I suggest changing these capital letters (NOTE: THAT HERZBERG, MAYO, MASLOW ETC... ARE MOTIVATION THEORIES HOWEVER MCGREGOR IS A MOTIVATION OF LEADERSHIP) to quieter letters, the sentence still needs editing, integrating it into the body would be even better. Perhaps changing the word 'nicer' to a more specific 'tastier' when referring to food might be nicer an improvement. More References and citations of sources are needed. - Human relations model -

Elton Mayo found out that the social contacts a worker has at the workplace are very important and that boredom and repetitiveness of tasks lead to reduced motivation. Mayo believed that workers could be motivated by acknowledging their social needs and making them feel important. As a result, employees were given freedom to make decisions on the job and greater attention was paid to informal work groups. Mayo named the model the Hawthorne effect. The problem with his model is undue reliance on social contacts at work situations for motivating employees.[1]"" Its noted as an effect, then criticised for not being a complete model, does it claim to be a complete model? --203.153.253.16 23:23, 7 June 2007 (UTC)

Proposing further text
I was wondering if someone qualified on the subject would extend the article a little on the Self-Control subject, namely that intrinsic motivations do not serve as a cause of success, instead as the cause of the individual's willingness to "excercise" him/herself, leading to success in a given field or hobby. As far as I imagine(humor me here), intrinsic motivation is in a little part, an affinity to face prolonged "hardship", which is self-control(in this case), a form of self-discipline. Anyone can verify this thought, so that I won't put in original research?

Questionable text
From the main text :

"This approach has been criticised THAT David Mcclelland dehumanized workers " ... not clear at all !!!!?????

This text appears to me to be plagiarized, so I am removing it from the main article:

"At the next level are motivations that have an obvious biological basis but are not required for the immediate survival of the organism. These include the powerful motivations for sex, parenting and aggression: again, the physiological bases of these are similar in humans and other animals, but the social complexities are greater in humans (or perhaps we just understand them better in our own species). In these areas insights from behavioral ecology and sociobiology have offered new analyses of both animal and human behaviour in the last decades of the twentieth century, though the extension of sociobiological analyses to humans remains highly controversial.  Perhaps similar, but perhaps at a rather different level, is the motivation for new stimulation - variously called exploration, curiosity, or arousal-seeking.  A crucial issue in the analysis of such motivations is whether they have a homeostatic component, so that they build up over time if not discharged; this idea was a key component of early twentieth century analyses of sex and aggression by, for example, Freud and Konrad Lorenz, and is a feature of much popular psychology of motivation. The biological analyses of recent decades, however, imply that such motivations are situational, arising when they are (or seem to be) needed to ensure an animal's fitness, and subsiding without consequences when the occasion for them passes."

If whoever posted this can provide a reference, we can put it back. &mdash; Chris53516 (Talk) 17:32, 25 January 2007 (UTC)

Questions and edits
Is this page directed at management, as the motivation in the workforce, or of motivation in general??

shouldn't there be something about lack of motivation and depression?

I removed from the first paragraph the following unclear sentence contributed by an anonymous IP:

"Classifications of motivations must be based upon goals rather than upon instigating drives or motivated behavior."

It appears to contradict the gist of the first paragraph, but it's not really clear exactly what it is saying. The literature on motivation talks about drives and behaviour much more than about goals - so it would be a great oversight to exclude talk about goals. Anyone want to clarify? Mercurius 02:54, 17 February 2006 (UTC)

I agree with your edit, although I think that the lead should say something about goals. The problem with this article is that it needs an editing team who actually know something about the biology, psychology and applications of motivational theory, and can provide referenced text. I can help with the educational theories, but not much else.

Nesbit 16:38, 17 February 2006 (UTC)

Yeah, I'm in the same boat. Also well-acquainted with the educational theories, but they only represent a splinter-group within the general psychological category of 'motivation'. I have put some effort in the the education-related aspects of motivation on some of the related pages like motivation theories, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and Goal Theory. That about exhausts my knowledge on the subject... Mercurius 00:23, 22 February 2006 (UTC)

"Biological psychology of drives Drive theory There are a 'number' of drive theories. " This doesn't seem quite right. I would edit it myself but I really don't know what it's supposed to say.

Structure of Article
I added a new, cleaner definition that is used in motivational psychology. I have some serious issues with some parts of the article. Some theories shouldn't be here because they are of such poor scientific power, and there are some that is missing. Some theories are attributed to the wrong scientist, achievement theory is usually referred as Atkinson's theory. This is not too bad though, motivational psychology is a real mess, even for scientists in the field as myself. Clebo 14:05, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

Oooh, I'm beginning to regret that I ever chose to do anything about this entry. The entire article is messy structurally. There are perspectives, applications, features and theories side-by-side without any structure. I suggest the following headings; General definition, biological theories, cognitive theories and social theories. Applications are easily extracted from each perspective. Clebo 15:22, 10 April 2006 (UTC)


 * I will insert this here to agree with Clebo that the article looks like a box of stuff in search of a structure, which is needed for others to pitch in on the writing. For comparison, the article on Cognition seems pretty much limited to a current academic treatment.  Would the following be a friendly amendment to Clebo's suggested outline above?  General definition; history of the idea (compact, maybe a way to deal briefly with some of the stuff in the box); current conceptions (with Clebo's suggested trio of biological, cognitive, and social theories); and uses (as those tend to vary in lingo, context, import, etc.).  Definition and history for the general user, academically current in the middle, with uses for people who come to the page with that in mind. The following comment and table of contents were entered by Clebo with the message above Tombird 19:24, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


 * Building on your idea, how about this simple top-level structure as a starting point?
 * Lead
 * History of the concept
 * Biological theories
 * Cognitive theories
 * Social theories
 * Applications
 * Also, I suggest that we fairly ruthlessly move much of the older, less academic and non-verified material into an archive section on this page. Or is there a better way to archive it?
 * Nesbit 20:29, 26 August 2006 (UTC)

Proposed Merge
I have proposed Merging intrinsic motivation into this article. My reasoning is available at Talk:Intrinsic_motivation. --Gellender 05:54, 12 December 2006 (UTC)


 * Nobody seems to have any problem with this idea. I don't feel comfortable doing it myself.  Is someone else willing to merge this if there continues to be no opposition? --Gellender 07:27, 15 December 2006 (UTC)


 * Yeah, I could try it, if I have the time. &mdash; Chris53516 (Talk) 14:06, 15 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I've merged some content, and converted Recognition Programs to a redirect to Motivation. The original article had some worthy content, but was entirely sourced from one text: Essentials of Organizational Behavior (ninth edition). This is a well-established textbook for social science students. However, without inline citations or context in the article, one would need more information (at minimum, a copy of the source text) to properly frame the assertions as part of the evolution of sociopsychological discourse. The additions to the article since that time lack sources, and are vague and of dubious merit. The content is easily superseded by the superior "Motivation" article. For all of these reasons, I've carried over only the essential tenets from the cited text, appending them to the "Business" subsection. Ringbang (talk) 18:33, 29 May 2009 (UTC)

Introductory quote
I find the quote at the beginning of this article to be somewhat unclear by way of the common conceptualisation of what motivation means. I think it would be more beneficial to define motiviation in terms of how it occurs. Something along the lines of "Motivation can be understood as a set of forces, both intrinsic and extrinsic, that lead people to behave in a particular way" What do people think? Martinq22 15:21, 3 January 2007 (UTC)


 * Do you have a source? &mdash; Chris53516 (Talk) 15:25, 3 January 2007 (UTC)


 * Its not a direct quote but its paraphrased from chapter 6 of Morley et al 2004, "Principles of Organisational Psychology: An Irish Text", 2nd Edition, Gill &MacMillan, Dublin Martinq22 15:33, 3 January 2007 (UTC)


 * Which quote? I was referring to your proposed change. &mdash; Chris53516 (Talk) 15:47, 3 January 2007 (UTC)

Motivation can be understood as a set of forces, both intrinsic and extrinsic, that lead people to behave in a particular way. What do you think of that as the intro to the article? Martinq22 15:55, 3 January 2007 (UTC)


 * As I asked above, where are you getting this definition? Do you have a source for what you just said in the latter paragraph? &mdash; Chris53516 (Talk) 16:36, 3 January 2007 (UTC)


 * Morley et al 2004, "Principles of Organisational Psychology: An Irish Text", 2nd Edition, Gill &MacMillan, Dublin Martinq22 10:23, 4 January 2007 (UTC)


 * I think this definition is not adequate. It supports one viewpoint of motivation (that it is extrinsic/intrinsic). Some people do not share this view. For example, some think that motivation is driven by goals. (Of course, you can fit that into the extrinsic/intrinsic viewpoint, but that's beside the point.) &mdash; Chris53516 (Talk) 14:32, 4 January 2007 (UTC)


 * free stuff please

Please add ARCS motivational theory

I quoted Geen for the definition of motivation. Sometimes, the third feature is replaced by the "unwillingness to cease" an activity. The suggested new definition is, to me, significantly weaker, as it contains less information. For instance, "can be understood" is a strange phrase. Furthermore, what does a set of forces mean? In defense of Geen's definition, it explains what part of behavior motivational psychology studies; how behavior starts and maintains, and how intense it is. To me, this is more information than "lead people to behave in a particular way. Clebo —The preceding  signed but undated.

I revised the first paragraph. Please see if you find it clearer and more comprehensive. A sound definition needs to be short, exact, and broad - inclusive of all theories. We need to leave out specific references, such as the Geen reference which I deleted (the place for that may be in the theories section). I found the previous phrasing grammatically/logically ambiguous: ... "is a reason or reasons"... " engaging in a particular behaviour, especially human behaviour"... etc. --Lucian (talk) 11:40, 26 October 2008 (UTC)

Base motive
I am proposing that Base motive be merged into this article, it seems to me that it does not have any unique information that is not contained in this article. Perhaps someone more knowledgeable about psychology can check and see if I am mistaken.--HarryHenryGebel 07:08, 10 March 2007 (UTC)


 * I agree with the merge. "Base motive" is not particularly useful as a stand-alone entry. --Jcbutler 18:27, 18 April 2007 (UTC)

I agree with merge although there isn't really any content of note in the standalone 'Base motive' article. The assertion that 'base motives are scientifically proven' is not referenced nd a quick interent search only finds references to the phrase as used in German Criminal Code (and there to distinguish between murder and manslaughter). The basic idea behind the current article (if I've understood it correctly) is that there is an element of intrinsic compulsion involved when behviour is influenced by 'base motives. It's not easy to see how to fit it into the Motivation article except possibly under Social and self regulation. rgds, ||:) johnmark† 13:23, 25 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Support. Works better as part of Motivation. CloudNine 07:33, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

Support. I propose that the base motive article as it is be deleted. The actual concept (e.g., "ulterior motive" or "hidden agenda") is only tangentially concerned with the psychology of motivation, and is concerned with crime or deception. "Base" can mean morally low as well as fundamental, and motive can mean a high-level cognate such as "purpose".Vendrov 03:45, 15 July 2007 (UTC)

Support I think that Vendrov's idea is good. Motive is not the same thing as motivation. Motive refers much more to intention than behavior. Clebo 17:45, 19 August 2007.

Cren
The section on punishment mentions "cren":

Punishment, when referred in general, is an unfavorable condition introduced into the environment to eliminate undesirable behavior. This is used as one of the measures of Behavior Modification. Action resulting in punishment will demotivate repetition of action. Also the matter of cren is evident.

At one point or another, we have all been either a leader or a follower. While both roles are equally important, a leader plays an instrumental role in providing direction for his/her followers. A good way to identify an effective leader is to see if his/her followers are able to support and accomplish what their leader is asking of their team. In order to be a great leader, one must possess various qualities that will attract followers. The following qualities are just of few of the many qualities that are vital for effective leadership. Charisma - A notable charismatic leader was Martin Luther King, Jr. Decades after his death, King is still honored today for his passionate movement towards equality. His most famous speech, “I have a dream,” still impacts a current generation as his powerful words grace the majority of history textbooks all over America. His speech radiates personality because of his expressive words in his fight against inequality. Like King’s speech, charismatic leaders have the gift to touch people through their choice of words. Charismatic leaders are alluring, charming and can encourage followers to support a grand vision or idea. Positive Attitude - A leader who possesses a positive attitude will influence his/her followers to carry that same attitude. An example of a positive leader could be a parent or teacher. Mothers, fathers, or elementary teachers appear and are viewed as role models to the young children they are teaching and nurturing. These role models are the first leaders they encounter in life. Children become very dependent of leaders because they are their vehicles to the outside world and provide much needed help and assistance. If a parent is nurturing and loving to their child, they will thrive under this encouragement... If a school teacher provides a positive learning experience to the child, they will succeed and that success will become contagious... In any circumstance, a leader’s positive attitude will have greater impact and influence on their followers. Motivation - In an athletic world, a motivating leader could be a coach, trainer or even a fellow teammate. While the “talent” of players is a good determinant of a winning team, their coach is also an important factor. If a coach can not produce a winning team, his job is at stake. A coach’s motivation involves infusing his players with high standards, and setting challenging but attainable goals as they perform well. Thus, his/her ability to motivate his players will enhance their performances. Motivation also correlates with having a positive attitude. When a coach has a positive attitude and  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.1.209.251 (talk) 09:41, 22 November 2007 (UTC) What is "cren"? It's not mentioned elsewhere in the article.75.111.197.14 22:15, 25 August 2007 (UTC)

Discussion of Lead
Is the word "motivation" only about conscious human behavior? Does it include "unconscious" motivation of humans? If it does, then does it also include the motivation of animals? To how broad a set of entities can the word be applied? I think the article is going to be about only human motivation, but it needs to say so. But, clearly, if motivation can be unconscious, then some of the study of animal behavior could be relevant for understanding human motivation and needs to be referred to. I think that kind of positioning needs to go in the lead, with possibly some discussion of the relationship of animal studies in a section of the article. DCDuring 19:33, 12 September 2007 (UTC)

Motivation
Motivation in psychology usually covers animal behavior, as most of the research literature is on animals. The assumption is that motivation is motivation, just like Skinner's animal studies demonstrated reinforcement patterns that applied to human behavior. --Mattisse 20:39, 12 September 2007 (UTC)

If the article takes a particular point of view in that regard, I think that the reader needs to understand in the lead what s/he is getting. I wonder also whether even all the editors understand things in the same way as you. Which is why I bring the matter up. Should we not have links to discussions of motivation in animal ethology if animal behavior is included or germane ? DCDuring 10:37, 13 September 2007 (UTC)

Kick in the Ass
This AfD, Articles for deletion/Kick in the Ass, might be of interest to editors here. -- Zim Zala Bim talk  20:31, 17 February 2008 (UTC)

Etymology
Someone had included a sentence here saying that the word was derived from 'motive'. That's wrong, as both 'motive' and 'motivation' are derived from the same Latin root. I've fixed it, including a reference.Bedesboy (talk) 13:14, 8 March 2008 (UTC)

Proposed Merge
I have proposed Merging Recognition Programs into this article. Discussion? Esasus (talk) 04:17, 8 February 2009 (UTC)

I would not favor the merge because motivation is very broad topic with theoretical foundations in psychology and applications in education, business, health care, and so on. Books have been written on motivation that don't even mention recognition programs (although perhaps they should). The article on recognition programs seems to be one facet of the application of motivation in business, and probably could be expanded to form a large article if all the relevant research were properly reviewed. Nesbit (talk) 04:56, 8 February 2009 (UTC)

Hmm, I considered a merge when proposing the article for deletion. Part of the issue is that Recognition Programs isn't very neutral or well-sourced - it's more like advice than information, so it'd be tricky to integrate into another article in a useful way. Dreamyshade (talk) 07:58, 8 February 2009 (UTC)


 * I would also oppose the merge. Maybe Recognition Programs could be improved, but I don't think such a specific application would improve this article, unless it is reduced to a single sentence or example. The Motivation article should be general and theoretical in emphasis. By the way, "Recognition Programs" is not consistent with wikipedia style conventions regarding the capitalization of articles. --Jcbutler (talk) 16:12, 9 February 2009 (UTC)

Neuroscience?!
Where is the neuroscience in this article? Motivation is controlled by the brain, but my quick scan saw little or no physiology. Please look at the french article (for those who can read french) section 6

From the french motivation article:

6 Bases biologiques impliquées dans la motivation 6.1 Hormones et motivation 6.2 Hypothalamus et motivation 6.3 Système hédonique et motivation

Heck, even if you can't read french, someone could just use a translator (like google chrome) and copy paste section 6 into the English.

That is a good START.Grouphug (talk) 06:24, 12 April 2010 (UTC)

FYI, FWIW
Oxford English Dictionary definition:

Motivation b. orig. Psychol. The (conscious or unconscious) stimulus for action towards a desired goal, esp. as resulting from psychological or social factors; the factors giving purpose or direction to human or animal behaviour. Now also more generally (as a count noun): the reason a person has for acting in a particular way, a motive.

c. orig. Psychol. and Sociol. The general desire or willingness of someone to do something; drive, enthusiasm.

Anthony (talk) 05:34, 12 October 2010 (UTC) motivation...which scientist motivates 'neutron' and makes it explode after 15 minutes? KK (78.147.240.8 (talk) 12:25, 8 April 2011 (UTC))

"Motivation in linguistics"
I've moved this paragraph out of the article because its language needs improvement before it's ready for the encyclopedia. I can't tell what it means, and I'm not sure this sense of "motivation" is the right one for this article which is about the psychological drive. Perhaps these points belong in an article on linguistics, but they need to be easier to read.

"Words' motivation means the principles of the meanings of the words, which is logic basic for a word's morpheme connecting with other morphemes in that word. In English words, there are mainly five kinds of motivation. They are onomatopoeic motivation, semantic motivation, original motivation, morphological motivation and logical motivation. The words' motivation seems contradict with one of design features of human languages: Arbitrariness. This shows that not all the words has their motivations. Some words have no motivated relationship between its linguistic form and its meaning."

MartinPoulter (talk) 11:19, 7 January 2012 (UTC)

Cognitive Dissonance Theory
I felt that the Cognitive dissonance theory was a little skimpy in what it provided. I made the cognitive dissonance more specific on this page, and further explained the first example, to better point out where the dissonance occurred. In the second paragraph I pointed out the relation to the cognitive miser perspective, because the desire to not exert mental effort is what causes people to avoid dissonance. I specified that and then made the wording a little more streamlined in the second paragraph. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Damienlabonte11 (talk • contribs) 03:17, 15 March 2012 (UTC)

Work motivation
There is a link on Work motivation that suggests that Work motivation should be moved into a subcategory of Motivation. There should be a link on Motivation linking Work motivation but not to copy the entire thing into Motivation. First, Work Motivation is a key aspect of Industrial and organizational psychology and as such, should be it's own separate topic. Second, there is too much information on Work motivation to make to fit it into a sub category. It is messy when one sub category is this long while other categories in the same topic only have a few paragraphs to explain their subtopic. In short, these topics should remain separate but link to each other. If you disagree, please post on my talk page. Jastha08 (talk) 17:37, 1 April 2012 (UTC)

Problems here!
This item needs a lot of work - the introduction needed to be written in plain English, so I tried to do this. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Lefthandedthing (talk • contribs) 15 Dec 2012

Two functions
I moved the following sentences out of the article:

''It is widely believed that motivation performs two functions. The first is often referred to as the energetic activation component of the motivation construct. The second is directed at a specific behavior and makes reference to the orientation directional component.''

Apart from being unclear, it is also unsourced. So whoever wrote this: please clarify, please state a source, then you can put it back into the article.

With friendly regards,  Lova Falk     talk   10:04, 27 January 2013 (UTC)

Proposal for organising this article
This article is looking better but the structure remains confusing with different models and approaches muddled together. I propose moving the bulk of the subheadings into 2 substantial sections (1) theories and models and (2) practical applications. Will do this in a couple of days unless anyone can propose a valid argument against!

RuthLivingstone (talk) 10:11, 27 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Sounds like a great idea!  Lova Falk     talk   10:23, 27 January 2013 (UTC)

Copy editing - let's choose a language
From a copy editing point of view, shall we stick with American English spelling? RuthLivingstone (talk) 10:12, 27 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Good idea. I've put a notice at the top of this Talk page. MartinPoulter (talk) 21:14, 31 January 2013 (UTC)

I think we've got as far as we can with copy editing. This article is still a bit of a mess, but the content needs sorting out by people who understand the subject before a copy editor can do any further work. Removed the copy-edit tag but feel free to reinsert if and when we need to do more. RuthLivingstone (talk) 23:08, 5 February 2013 (UTC)

Images
Motivation images i need......... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 117.193.81.114 (talk) 12:50, 1 February 2013 (UTC)

I want definition of motivation through pictures. Tekken Buda (talk) 22:37, 7 December 2016 (UTC)

Definition
i think the definition is not properly mentioned it has to be modified. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 110.39.53.106 (talk • contribs) 11:27, 14 June 2013‎

What about emotion and all that?
As an economist with no special expertise in psychology, I find this page spectacularly unhelpful because it isn't related back to narrower areas of psychology that seem to me to be scientifically more advanced. In particular, from this article I can find no way to tell exactly what motivation has to do with: emotion; personality; traits; values; beliefs. Going further afield to sociology, it would also be nice (but not as essential) to know what motivation has to do with ideology, mores, roles. As it stands now, at a theoretical level this page leads me to believe that the concept of "motivation" (unlike "emotion" and all the other topics I mentioned) is of no use to economists. Granted, at a more practical level there are many models listed here that economists might use, but they have no cumulative weight and don't seem add up to any overall pattern or kind of thing. Also I think some of these more specific models might fit into other categories such as emotion.

As a partial retreat, it seems to me that this material might be moving toward a theory of action. That is, given certain values and beliefs in a certain context, what action does one take and how is it decided? But if that is the same as "motivation," then this article seems way too broad and scattered. Why have we got some of the values and beliefs tied up into the theories of action? They ought to be independent variables.

I suppose this partly goes to the still unresolved and fuzzy definition of "motivation." But the problem goes deeper. Is "motivation" really a distinct topic at all? I need convincing.

Burressd (talk) 19:58, 5 August 2013 (UTC)

Neurological basis of motivation
Motivation is a function of brain processing which should be described in a new section. Is there an existing article on brain activity for motivation? Which parts of the brain do motivation? Greensburger (talk) 17:25, 9 February 2014 (UTC)

The article on neuroscience is infuriating badly written and consequently almost useless. Some topic expert who can also write needs to fix it. Thus: Neuroscience[edit] Main article: Motivational salience Motivation as a desire to perform an action is usually defined as having two parts, directional such as directed towards a positive stimulus or away from a negative one, as well as the activated "seeking phase" and consummatory "liking phase". [This makes 3 parts, not 2. if seeking and liking are subparts, what is the whole called?]This type of motivation has neurobiological roots in the basal ganglia, [delete ","]and mesolimbic dopaminergic pathways. Activated "seeking" behavior, [delete ","] such as locomotor activity is influenced [=promoted?] by dopaminergic drugs, and in micro dialysis reveals dopamine release during anticipation of a reward.[you mean dialysis causes or shows? I think you are trying to say that dopamine is relaesed during anticipation, as shwon by microdialysis][4] The "wanting behavior" [new concept needs definition] associated with a rewarding stimulus can be increased by microinjections of dopamine and dopaminergic drugs in the dorsorostral nucleus accumbens and posterior ventral palladium. Opioid injections in this area produce pleasure, however outside of these hedonic hotspots they [opiods?] create an increased desire.[5] Furthermore, depletion or inhibition of DA [new concept needs def]in neurons of the nucleus accumbens decreases appetitive [new concept]but not consummatory behavior. Dopamine is further implicated in motivation as [shown by the fact that?] administration of amphetamine increased the break point [new concept] in a progressive ratio [new concept not entirely explained by next sentence; ratio of what to what?]self-reinforcement schedule. That is, subjects were willing to go to greater lengths (e.g. press a level more times) to obtain a reward. Burressd 20:20, 20 June 2017 (UTC)

Educational Motivation and Neurological Basis of Motivation?
As mentioned above there needs to be more from neuroscience incorporated in here. Second, the achievement motivation section is severely lacking in current information and the area of education. Jjk5ne (talk) 07:28, 27 February 2014 (UTC)

Extrinsic & intrinsic motivation
Many areas of applied psychology study extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, not just social psych? Will edit accordingly iss246 to provide balance in article and prevent a distorted view that is just social psych research which is very inaccurateMrm7171 (talk) 00:52, 13 April 2014 (UTC)


 * This statement "Social psychological research has indicated that extrinsic rewards can lead to overjustification and a subsequent reduction in intrinsic motivation." is misleading. The overjustification effect relating to extrinsic motivation is foun d in many areas of research. Maybe you are mixing it up with the next sentence iss246? The next sentence cites the social & personality journal? Thoughts?Mrm7171 (talk) 07:44, 13 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Also you said a particular researcher was a social psychologist? Perhaps you meant social psych professor, not social psychologist? Either way, these specificities belong in the social psychology article, not a broad based article on motivation as this article is? thoughts iss246? Better to discuss issues here, on the talk page, rather than edit war iss246.Mrm7171 (talk) 07:44, 13 April 2014 (UTC)


 * Will leave this here a bit longer then before making changes, based on the reasons detailed above.Mrm7171 (talk) 22:47, 13 April 2014 (UTC)

Elton Mayo
Mayo was neither an industrial psychologist nor a sociologist. See David Cullen's dissertation, A new way of statecraft: The career of Elton Mayo. Proquest Dissertations and Theses. Mayo earned a BA in philosophy and psychology at Adelaide (where the ICOH-WOPS conference will be held in September 2014). That was the highest degree he earned. If you want to learn how he got a position at HBS, read this terribly interesting dissertation. Iss246 (talk) 15:48, 14 April 2014 (UTC)

Replaced Intro
Since intros are short, it makes more sense to replace than to tinker. The Michigan educational psychologists whose work is the best source for the statements in the current intro seemed to think that it was important to state what type of concept motivation is. Given that there is a lot of complexity and contention in the academic literature, yet the word motivation is often used just as a commonplace, I think they were wise to remind their readers that motivation is a theoretical construct. Also, it seems to me that it is useful to highlight in the examples the breadth of behavior (behaviour) that human beings exhibit. It seemed to me that it is acceptable (at least in the intro) to think only about the human sphere. The text is as follows:  Motivation is a theoretical construct, used to explain behaviour (behavior). Motives are hypothetical constructs, used to explain why people do what they do, for example, when they use some strategy to achieve a goal. According to Maehr and Meyer, 1997 ("Understanding Motivation and Schooling: Where We've Been, Where We Are, and Where We Need to Go" = Educational Psychology Review, Vol 9, No. 4,), "Motivation is a word that is part of the popular culture as few other psychological concepts are". Wikipedia editors will have a motive (or motives) for engaging in any particular edit, even if such motives are complex and difficult to pinpoint. At the other end of the range of complexity, hunger is frequently the motive for seeking out and consuming food. 86.17.152.168 (talk) 14:23, 7 September 2014 (UTC)

Please look to a solid source
The biggest challenge with a topic like motivation is focus.

I strongly recommending reviewing the Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.171.76.129 (talk) 04:02, 14 October 2014 (UTC)

Merger proposal
I propose that Natural and rational theories of motivation be merged into this article. The other one was left incomplete, and its topic area is contained within the scope of this one. It contains some useful extra sources Noyster (talk),  14:27, 5 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Agreed and ✅ Klbrain (talk) 13:23, 27 January 2018 (UTC)

Is there an "Independance" as a concept article?
On the "Motivation" article, just after "Intrinsic motivation and the 16 basic desires theory" there is a link to Independence (the need for individuality), but I don't think there is a page covering this, or I can't find it in the disambiguation page, ie. Independance as a 'concept' - any ideas? Thanks 78.144.148.32 (talk) 10:26, 8 January 2016 (UTC)


 * User:78.144.148.32 Individual or Individualism may be the closest to what you are looking for Noyster (talk),  17:50, 8 January 2016 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 00:29, 30 April 2016 (UTC)

Techniques for motivating students
Below are some citations that I plan to use. Some ideas so far for incorporating information on student motivation and the role the teacher plays in motivating students. LorenaRomero (talk) 06:20, 31 July 2017 (UTC)
 * 1) Sansone, C., & Morgan, C. (1992). Intrinsic motivation and education: Competence in context. Motivation and Emotion, 16(3), 249-270.
 * 2) Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R. M. (2001). Extrinsic rewards and intrinsic motivation in education: Reconsidered once again. Review of Educational Research, 71(1), 1-27
 * 3) Maclellan, E. (2005). Academic achievement:The role of praise in motivating students. Active Learning in Higher Education, 194-206. doi:10.1177/146978740505775
 * 4) Ince, A. (2002). Motivating students beyond teacher expectations. Simulation and Gaming, 481-485. doi:10.1177/1046878102238611
 * 5) Katz, I., & Shahar, B.-H. (2015). What makes a motivating teacher? Teacher's motivation and beliefs as predictors of their autonomy-supportive style. School Psychology International, 575-588. doi: 10.1177/0143034315609969
 * 6) Reeve, J. (2009). Why teachers adopt a controlling motivating style toward students and how they can become more autonomy supportive. Educational Psychologist, 44(3), 159-175
 * 7) Deci, E. L., Sheinman, L., & Nezlek, J. (1981). Characteristics of the rewardee and intrinsic motivation of the rewardee. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40(1), 1-10

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on Motivation. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20141027140206/http://webapps2.ucalgary.ca/~steel/images/Integrating.pdf to http://webapps2.ucalgary.ca/~steel/images/Integrating.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130116050945/http://www.cfo-insight.com/human-capital-career/talent-management/how-employee-recognition-programmes-improves-retention/ to http://www.cfo-insight.com/human-capital-career/talent-management/how-employee-recognition-programmes-improves-retention/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110521045620/http://radoff.com/blog/2011/05/19/game-player-motivations/ to http://radoff.com/blog/2011/05/19/game-player-motivations/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 22:31, 29 December 2017 (UTC)

External links modified (February 2018)
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Motivation. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150103070653/http://panoramaconsulting.co.ke/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=60&Itemid=2 to http://panoramaconsulting.co.ke/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=60&Itemid=2
 * Added tag to http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/JFMM-02-2016-0015
 * Added tag to http://managementdemand.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Integrating-Motivation.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090614205602/http://wps.prenhall.com/bp_robbins_eob_9/64/16396/4197506.cw/index.html to http://wps.prenhall.com/bp_robbins_eob_9/64/16396/4197506.cw/index.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 11:18, 6 February 2018 (UTC)

As a class assignment, I have to ask a question relevant to a topic based off of our readings. Question: Has there been any focused studies done comparing the perception of motivation in WEIRD versus non-WEIRD cultures? If so, have any generalized observable differences been found and reported? WEIRD = Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic. Brassinstructor (talk) 16:47, 11 October 2018 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 15:22, 29 March 2020 (UTC)
 * ClarkHull2.jpg

Semi-protected edit request on 26 May 2020
Change "[By whom?]" to "[citation needed]" 184.71.200.170 (talk) 20:38, 26 May 2020 (UTC)


 * ❌. The sentence is already tagged as needing a citation, and the "by whom?" is more specific to part of the text within that sentence. –Deacon Vorbis (carbon &bull; videos) 21:22, 26 May 2020 (UTC)

Proposal to move the majority of the "Content-theories"-subsections to the article "Content theory"
I propose that the majority of the "Content-theories"-subsections be moved to the article Content theory. The reason for this is, as suggested by the "Very long"-template, that it's very difficult to navigate this article. The content-section goes way too much into detail, considering that content theories treat only one aspect of motivation. The proposed changes are rather big for both articles so I thought it best to get some feedback before I go through with it. Please see the following drafts for the proposed changes: User:Phlsph7/Motivation & User:Phlsph7/Content_theory. I selected the subsections to remain in the main article based on what seemed most central to me, but I'm no expert in this field. Please let me know if you agree with the change in general &/or with the selection of subsections. Phlsph7 (talk) 06:10, 2 December 2020 (UTC)

Intrinsic & Extrinsic sections
These sections seem to be structured a bit oddly and do not flow very well. I went in and reworked some of the extrinsic section, but I think the intrinsic section may need some work as well. Also, the individual who wrote about identified regulation in the extrinsic section did not define it correctly and instead used the definition of integrated regulation, so I corrected that as well and added some clarifying information. Cellander (talk) 01:23, 14 October 2021 (UTC)

intrinsic motivation claim in intro seems to misquote paper
intro says 'It has been argued that intrinsic motivation has more beneficial outcomes than extrinsic motivation.' The footnote for that is this paper https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/psyp.12732, which seems to debunk that claim? From the abstract:

'exposure to IM-related stimuli did not lead to a greater corticospinal excitability than EM-related stimuli or than stimuli with no motivational valence (ps > .20). While these results tend to dismiss the advantage of IM at activating the motor cortex, we suggest alternative hypotheses to explain this lack of effect, which deserves further research.'

So yes, 'it has been argued', but this may not be the best source? Could add this JN article, Motor Cortex Excitability Reflects the Subjective Value of Reward and Mediates its Effects on Incentive Motivated Performance Abewinter (talk) 22:11, 11 December 2021 (UTC)


 * Hi Abewinter and thanks for bringing this up. From the abstract of https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/psyp.12732: "Recent behavioral and neuroimaging evidence indicate that IM, in comparison to extrinsic motivation (EM), solicits the motor system". I assume that falls under "beneficial outcome" and therefore supports the claim. Their own research could be interpreted against it, but as they say, it could also be interpreted differently: "While these results tend to dismiss the advantage of IM at activating the motor cortex, we suggest alternative hypotheses to explain this lack of effect, which deserves further research". I'm sure there are better sources. If you find a better one then feel free to add it as well. The source you mentioned talks about "performance-based incentives" but does not mention "intrinsic motivation". Phlsph7 (talk) 22:31, 11 December 2021 (UTC)

Motivational intelligence
Would you please explain why did you remove the section about Motivational intelligence? If you think this article is not fit for the section, would you suggest another article? There is enough sources in several papers supporting it.144.64.244.81 (talk) 21:04, 19 June 2023 (UTC)


 * Hello and thanks for you efforts at improving this article. One of the problems with this section is that, in the context of motivation, it is not important enough to have a main section for it alone. This problem could be addressed by adding it to another article. Maybe Human intelligence would be a better fit. But before you do so, you should address the WP:CLOSEPARAPHRASE. Other potential problems, pointed out by, are that the sources are low quality and WP:SYNTH. Phlsph7 (talk) 12:42, 20 June 2023 (UTC)


 * Thanks for the prompt response and the suggestion of Human intelligence as a more fit article for the section. I have already tweeked the section, expanded it, and found more sources. I'll ping you when I edit the section.37.189.102.251 (talk) 23:04, 22 June 2023 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Adult Development Spring 2023
— Assignment last updated by NDLitster (talk) 17:39, 21 June 2023 (UTC)