Talk:Neri Oxman/Archive 1

Databases to search for lists of works
Is there an online archive like ArchNet that tracks all works by a designer? There are some listed on material ecology, which seems a personal site rather than the group's site; others on the Media Lab group. Projects like the Silk Pavilion don't appear on either, though they were mentioned in design press. I'll check with the group, but it would be ideal to find a catalog of all exhibited works. – SJ  +  05:13, 18 June 2016 (UTC)
 * I haven't found a database, but these three pages seems a fair start. –  SJ  +  13:24, 2 July 2016 (UTC)

Gallery
I've pinged the group about releasing their media under a free license; they seem willing and started with their videos. I'm waiting for clearance on most of the images; the current gallery isn't a selection of what is novel or well-known, it's just what was freely available online. – SJ  +  17:07, 9 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Some progress here, mainly for videos. Around 15 image requests outstanding, mostly for photos by a single photographer, and confirmation about the infobox photo (else could crop and use this one).  –  SJ  +  21:55, 22 February 2017 (UTC)

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Brad Pitt
Predictably, some self appointed content cops are fighting a rearguard action to avoid contamination of this esteemed woman scholar’s page with tabloid gossip. But if this was a dude academic who suddenly found himself BFF with a VS model, you can be sure that not only would it get into the article, said dude would *want* it in the article. What there is no place in Wikipedia for is sanctimonious censoring. Pitt is a significant fact in this context and his name should be mentioned in the article. His absence is now glaring. 2600:387:A:15:0:0:0:66 (talk) 07:42, 20 April 2018 (UTC)


 * Wikipedia is not about what ‘some dude’ wants in his article. The daily mail is not a reliable source. The sources, even unreliable only say they’re spending time together. WP:BLPGOSSIP. Heliotom (talk) 11:42, 20 April 2018 (UTC)

Other work
I need to find details for these; leaving them here for now. – SJ + 19:11, 3 June 2018 (UTC)


 * New water-soluble material w/programmable decay time (ocean pavilion v.2?): Aguahoja
 * 3D printing of data sets with high-resolution colored printing, via "dithered material deposition". Written up in Science Advances. used in Vespers?  paper suggests many materials + printers could be used.

MIT Media Lab
I work for Rubenstein and on behalf of Neri Oxman, I would like to flag an inaccuracy in the last sentence of the lead section. The sentence says:


 * She directed her students in the lab to send Epstein a gift despite the concerns about Epstein they brought to her attention.

The Boston Globe article used as the citation indicates a single student raised concerns.

I would like to edit the sentence to reflect one student raised concerns, not multiple students as indicated in the current version of that sentence:


 * She directed a student in the lab to send Epstein a gift despite the concerns about Epstein the student brought to her attention.

NinaSpezz (talk) 19:34, 17 September 2019 (UTC)

Reply 17-SEP-2019

 * She directed a student in the lab to send Epstein a gift despite the concerns about Epstein the student brought to her attention. — The source does not confirm the bolded requested changes.

Analysis
There are two issues here. The text states the following about issue No.1, who was asked to send the gift:"And in 2017, Ito requested that her design lab, which often produced donor gifts for the university, send a token of appreciation to Epstein: a grapefruit-sized, 3-D printed marble with a base that lit up. It came with a pair of gloves to avoid getting fingerprints on the surface."The text also states the following about issues No. 1 and 2: who had concerns, who raised them, and who was asked to send a gift:"But former students say that Oxman may have been in a better position than most to raise concerns. She was among Ito’s close circle at the Media Lab, she was well-respected by top MIT leaders, and she traveled to Europe and across the country to showcase her work. And at least one student raised concerns to Oxman about Epstein’s ties to the lab in 2017. That’s when Oxman asked those in her lab to prepare and send a gift to Epstein, according to documents shared by an MIT employee. A graduate student, seeing Epstein’s name, flagged him as a potential problem. “Have you read the articles about this Jeff Epstein? He seems pretty shady. . . . Just wanted to point it out in case you weren’t aware,” the student wrote to Oxman, who was in Barcelona at the time. “Joi and I are aware,” Oxman wrote back. “I’ll share more in person when I return.”"
 * 1) The gift, and who was asked to send it
 * 2) Who had concerns about the gift, and who raised those concerns

Conclusion
Regards, Spintendo  23:22, 17 September 2019 (UTC)
 * The text from the article makes it clear that more than one student was asked to send a collective gift, that more than one student later expressed concerns, and that one student raised those concerns at the time.

raycounting
I removed this confusing para: ''Oxman has used raycounting in her work, a technique that is the opposite of photo sculpting. In raycounting a flat surface is conversed into a highly curved one through a specific layout of light parameters. An algorithm calculates the intensity, position, and direction of one or multiple light sources placed in a given environment and assigns local curvature values to the relation between geometry and light performance. Then produced by stereolithography, the three double layered, translucent objects show resin pockets wherever these surfaces intersected.[1]''

It wasn't grammatical or well sourced, and seems to apply to just one trio of pieces. If this was a significant instance of the art technique and it is cited elsewhere, could be re-added w/ a more direct cite. – SJ + 02:59, 19 April 2021 (UTC)

platforms
Currently, some of the generative toolchains used to produce known works (co-fabrication, hybrid living materials, data-driven material modeling, glass 3d printing, water-based digital fabrication) are listed or referenced in places as 'platforms' but I haven't found named tools or services associated with any of them.

Each has at least one paper, and some (the glass + chitosan printers) have a potentially reusable hardware platform. Perhaps there are other docs (roadmaps, manuals, patents?) that describe how they work and whether they will be general-use tools for others; in which case it could make sense to have a section for platform designs. – SJ + 22:08, 20 April 2021 (UTC)

notability of techniques
Related to the above, for techniques that are described in a popular paper but still unique: when does a novel production method move from neologism to notable - is there an equivalent of multiple independent references for a production method? E.g., multiple implementers of the glass printer  feels different from a technique used for one set of works. 10:54, 28 April 2021 (UTC)

Early life and education section
Hello! My name is Stephanie and I'm here representing OXMAN on behalf of Neri Oxman. I've registered an account so I can submit update requests and other improvements here on the discussion page. I'll avoid editing the article myself and will seek assistance from Wikipedia community members to update the entry on my behalf. I'm specifically hoping User:Sj, who promoted the entry to Good Article status back in 2017, can help with updating. Looking forward to working together!

I see the "Early life and education" section has multiple claims supported by MIT and Neri's website. I've drafted the following replacement text for consideration:

This is an improvement over the existing text because all claims are sourced and better sources are used. I've tried to generally cover all the same details.

I would also like to propose removing the image of Rivka Oxman. The photograph appears on her page and there are plenty of other images which I think should be used to illustrate Neri's article. I'm hoping User:Sj and other editors can review the text I've proposed and update the article appropriately.

Thank you! SM at OXMAN (talk) 18:05, 7 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Thanks SM for the new cites; they are indeed better. As for images -- suggestions welcome; if you have any updates from recent research + exhibits, those sections are out of date, and only you can license images of new work! :)  And while Wikipedia has constraints on editing articles related to your work, you are welcome to post images directly to Wikimedia Commons. – SJ +  21:38, 8 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Thanks for responding to this edit request. Is this request complete? If so, can you close this request by replacing with  ? This will remove this request from the queue. Thanks. Z1720 (talk) 15:01, 10 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Hi Z, updated + moved the image req below. – SJ + 16:08, 10 December 2021 (UTC)

Images of recent work
Is there a section of any more recent sites / digital exhibits with freely licensed images? I haven't found any replacement for the MIT and youtube streams. Self-licensing by the creator is much easier than asking for permission after the fact. – SJ + 16:08, 10 December 2021 (UTC)
 * [Note to GLAM: it would be lovely to have a world-class museum that by default worked w/ all displayed artists to get a Commons-friendly image of each displayed work :] – SJ + 16:08, 10 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Pinging who asked first about the images. Artem.G (talk) 16:12, 10 December 2021 (UTC)

Career section
Thank you for reviewing my initial request and updating the article. I will be proposing some updates re: research and exhibits, and I will also consider which illustrations might be best. Thanks for pointing out Wikimedia Commons. For now, continuing down the article body, I'd like to focus on the "Career" section.

I'd like to propose a slight restructure to the framework here: instead of having the subsections "Design philosophy" and "Television appearances", which has just one sentence, I propose having the subsections "Academic career" and "Industry career" and making "Design philosophy" a standalone section.

The current text uses MIT Media Lab and Oxman's website, so I've replaced these with secondary coverage. I've also merged the Netflix docu-series claim into "Industry career" and removed mention of her appearances on magazine covers. I hope you will agree that this proposed text helps the information have a better flow while also improving the citations in these sections. I've drafted the following replacement text for consideration:

When I preview this request, I see a few instances of "cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined in this article at all", but the citations are already used in the current article so the markup should be correct if copied over. Sj, if you agree this is an improvement over the existing text, would you be able to update the article appropriately? Thanks again for reviewing! SM at OXMAN (talk) 21:13, 10 December 2021 (UTC)

Moved from article
"Oxman also led her team to give Epstein a gift of a grapefruit-sized 3D-printed marble despite student protest."

This feels undue here; it was added alongside some explicit attacks. – SJ + 09:54, 6 January 2022 (UTC)

Personal life section
I'd like to submit another request, this time for the "Personal life" section. First, I noticed the use of "Argentine composer". Most often "Argentinian" is used as an adjective and "Argentine" is used as a demonym. Therefore, I propose changing to "Argentinian". Also, I propose adding mention of Oxman's affiliation with the Pershing Square Foundation. I propose replacing the current article's text with the following:

Continued thanks to User:Sj and others for reviewing and updating the article on my behalf! SM at OXMAN (talk) 14:37, 17 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Hi, I will take a look at this and get back to you. MaskedSinger (talk) 10:54, 24 December 2021 (UTC)
 * The new cites + restructure look good. For the first section, do you have any updates on the New York lab? – SJ +  00:58, 25 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Thank you. You may wish to add detail on the New York lab such as: "She moved to New York City in 2020 and announced plans in March 2021 to build a 36,000-square-foot research and design lab in Manhattan, slated for completion around the end of 2022." She states this timeline detail in this Dezeen interview (0:40–1:00). Other related sources include Dezeen, The Wall Street Journal, and Designboom.
 * Relatedly, Neri released a new film in November 2021 that provides a comprehensive overview of her design philosophy and five major works. Should this link be included, perhaps under "Design philosophy" as it relates to humanity in harmony with nature, or "Industry career" as an intro to the work that will be taken on at the new lab? SM at OXMAN (talk) 19:05, 6 January 2022 (UTC)
 * That's a fine detail, I'll take a look. Does the film say explicitly what elements will be worked on in the future / in the new lab? – SJ +  00:54, 9 January 2022 (UTC)

Works section
Thank you for your above comments and general approval of the proposed restructure.

I see that some changes have been made to the Career and Personal life sections. While my proposed changes are being considered further, please allow me to share what I have in mind to replace the Mediated Matter section, which is currently subdivided by fabrication, 3D printing, and "other":

Some of the claims in the current article are unsourced, others are inappropriately sourced. I'm hoping you'll agree this version is a more organized and well-sourced overview of Oxman's work. I will have some additional requests for the remaining sections, but this is the largest improvement I plan to propose.

I'd appreciate if you would review and implement as appropriate, and I'm happy to address concerns. Thanks again! SM at OXMAN (talk) 19:15, 6 January 2022 (UTC)


 * Hello SM, better sources are always welcome. Particularly secondary sources - analyses and contextualization, not just description that a new work or project has come out; also citable patents, extensions, or discussions by collaborators. Where possible, cites to interviews can be replaced w/ those to reviews or analyses.
 * The whole current section would bear condensing + rebalancing, rather than expanding. This is a range of different sorts of changes; I'll look in more detail later this week. – SJ + 23:43, 10 January 2022 (UTC)


 * Since you are here, some open questions you may be able to answer or source:
 * Monocoque -- regarding supporting weight via the exterior (if worth including): any quantification of this, or discussion by 2d parties?
 * Gemini -- is there any detail about earlier chaises? an image of the two pieces?  what happened to what were called Alpha + Beta? currently left ambiguous in the article.
 * Rottlace -- do you know how many masks were produced? where are they now?
 * Glass -- is there a separate name for the set of displayed works? Reference works + catalogs love proper names. It would be helpful to better distinguish each of the project, the glass-printer (patented, prototyped), exhibits of works produced by the printer, and the names o the collections of objects displayed in those exhibits (which persist in collections after the exhibit ends).  The latest video suggest an ongoing project name Glass and the exhibit names (Glass I and II).
 * G3DP -- what has happened with the printer itself since 2017? Any other outputs or product lines?  It looks like at least 2 patents (1, 2) have been granted. Is G3DP 2 (as a fabrication platform) or its descendents in active use?
 * Aguahoja -- naming again! Was Aguahoja I equivalent to Ocean Pavilion [as the name of the first installation], or only part of that install? Are there names for the chitosan composite, the machine, or the overall process, separate from the name of the series of installations? Are there images of Aguahoja II or III? those need specific detail or sourced analysis or images to include.
 * Silk Pavilion and Synthetic Apiary -- for installations, were they one-time or permanent? If permanent, where are they now? "allows researchers to investigate solutions for pollinator decline." -- is there any citable example?
 * DCP -- Is this in active development (by the original team or others)? what materials did it work with at first / what new materials are considered? what size structures were produced? I didn't find any links to completed rooms. has it produced temp/permanent installations? what would NASA do with it / are they considering a specific test or collaboration?
 * Totems -- sources seem to reference a range of things: from a proposal to small physical items to installations. How many of these were produced? The proposal could use a primary source.  Re: changing color over the course of a day: is this a new composite, a realization of an existing (citable) substrate in a new context? does the color change back with the removal of light?
 * Thanks again for engaging here w/ these updates and links. Better images for all of the above would be most useful, including especially the background-studies into materials or methods that have been included in books and videos. These are among the most effective ways to teach people about new techniques and disciplines. – SJ +  00:54, 9 January 2022 (UTC)
 * Revised slightly for clarity around naming issues. 14:25, 27 January 2022 (UTC)


 * Hello, User:Sj. Thanks again for these excellent questions! Please find below my answers to your questions, including related links wherever possible.

Quantification of structural loads does not appear to be available online. It may be clearer to say: "French for 'single shell,' Monocoque demonstrated a construction technique for the design and digital fabrication of structural skins, which bear load through an object’s exterior skin rather than its internal structure. Here, material properties of the 3D printed object were varied according to a vein-like Voronoi pattern, the density of which corresponds to multi-scalar loading conditions, including shear stress and surface pressure." Additional discussion and information may be found at these links:
 * https://www.asminternational.org/documents/10192/1894392/amp16612p04.pdf/68b4756a-a883-4848-b65a-2d094c3b5604/AMP16612P04
 * https://www.architectmagazine.com/practice/materialecology-com_o
 * https://www.moma.org/collection/works/115851
 * https://neri.media.mit.edu/projects/details/monocoque-1.html
 * https://oxman.com/projects/monocoque
 * Related publication: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17452759.2011.558588
 * Related patent: https://patents.google.com/patent/US20110079936A1/en

While sources from early 2014 refer to Alpha + Beta parts of the chaise, it appears that this terminology was deprecated by late 2014. There is just one chaise, which appears in all images and videos related to Gemini. It may be worth noting that within the general Gemini project, a new large-scale sub-project called Gemini Cinema has been announced and will be on display Feb–May 2022 at SFMOMA (https://www.azuremagazine.com/events/nature-humanity-oxman-architects/). These additional sources may be helpful:
 * https://www.stratasys.com/explore/blog/2014/color-3d-printing-neri-oxman-gemini-chaise
 * https://www.dezeen.com/2014/04/03/3d-printed-chaise-longue-by-neri-oxman-forms-a-multi-coloured-cocoon/
 * https://3dprint.com/111105/moma-acquires-gemini-chaise/
 * https://www.tctmagazine.com/additive-manufacturing-3d-printing-news/neri-oxman-unveils-gemini-chaise-longue-made-using-stratasys/
 * Related publication: https://doi.org/10.1089/3dp.2014.1505

Only one mask was physically produced for Björk. It is retained by Neri and periodically exhibited in museums; for example, it will be on display Feb–May 2022 at SFMOMA. According to this link: "At least a dozen mask designs were presented to Björk, who selected one to be printed for her live performance": https://www.architectmagazine.com/technology/neri-oxman-designs-rottlace-a-series-of-3d-printed-masks-for-bjork_o

Within this general project (Glass), there are two specific sub-projects (Glass I; Glass II). Each sub-project involves a collection of objects referred to by the same name (Glass I; Glass II) and one enabling technology platform (Glass 3D Printer ‘G3DP’; Glass 3D Printer 2 ‘G3DP2’) used to produce the objects. Subsets of objects from a collection have been displayed as various exhibitions/installations under the respective collection name (Glass I; Glass II). The platform and the exhibits are thus not fully equivalent.

All objects and technology platforms are retained by Neri or museums and are periodically exhibited in museums; for example, several objects will be on display Feb–May 2022 at SFMOMA (an image of Glass II objects is shown on the exhibition website). I did not find any online record of other exhibits since 2017 Milan Design Week. Some Glass I objects were acquired by the permanent collection of Cooper Hewitt in 2016. The G3DP and some Glass I objects were acquired by the permanent collection of the Boston Museum of Science in 2017. Some Glass I and Glass II objects were acquired by the permanent collection of MoMA in 2018.
 * SFMOMA: https://www.sfmoma.org/exhibition/nature-x-humanity-oxman-architects/
 * Cooper Hewitt: https://collection.cooperhewitt.org/people/68774479/objects/
 * Museum of Science: https://www.mos.org/node/45157161
 * MoMA collection: https://www.moma.org/artists/33046

You are correct that patents have been granted and papers have been published:
 * Patent 1: https://patents.google.com/patent/US9896368B2/en
 * Patent 2: https://patents.google.com/patent/US10464305B2/en
 * Patent 3: https://patents.google.com/patent/US9919510B2/en
 * Patent 4: https://patents.google.com/patent/US10266442B2/en
 * Inamura 2018: https://doi.org/10.1089/3dp.2018.0157
 * Brun 2017: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0156
 * Klein 2015: https://doi.org/10.1089/3dp.2015.0021

The Dezeen article says the "project" is titled G3DP, apparently referring to the "glass printing process" and not the printed objects. 3DPrintingIndustry equates Glass I to G3DP and Glass II to G3DP2, grouping each collection of objects with its enabling technology; and says, "G3DP2, or GLASS II, is a progress update on the group's efforts in 3D printed glass":
 * https://3dprintingindustry.com/news/mit-presents-the-g3dp2-platform-a-first-for-architectural-scale-3d-printed-glass-146187/

These sources refer to the printed structures collectively as Glass:
 * https://www.archpaper.com/2020/02/neri-oxman-grows-tools-for-the-future-at-moma/ ("Glass, pseudo-cylindrical printed structures, were created with The Mediated Matter Group’s 2015 invention G3DP, or Glass 3D Printer")
 * https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2020/02/20/neri-oxman-harnesses-the-powers-of-17000-silkworms-for-new-york-show ("for another series, GLASS, they created the first known glass-printing technology")

Other potentially helpful sources:
 * https://oxman.com/projects/glass-i
 * https://oxman.com/projects/glass-ii
 * https://oxman.com/projects/glass-3d-printing
 * https://www.media.mit.edu/projects/g3p/overview/ ("Glass I was active from January 2014 to May 2018")
 * https://www.media.mit.edu/projects/g3p-II/overview/ ("Glass II was active from September 2015 to May 2018")
 * https://tlmagazine.com/neri-oxmans-material-ecology/ (MoMA)
 * https://www.3ders.org/articles/20190103-mit-upgraded-their-glass-3d-printer-g3dp2.html
 * https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/3dp.2018.0157?journalCode=3dp

The Ocean Pavilion may be considered a precursor to the Aguahoja I pavilion. Within the general Aguahoja project, there are three sub-projects: Aguahoja I, Aguahoja II, Aguahoja III. Aguahoja I involves one architectural pavilion (the Aguahoja I pavilion), a library of material artifacts (the Aguahoja I 'wall', 'artifacts', or 'prototypes'), and several enabling technology platforms or processes, including the Water-based Digital Fabrication (WBDF) platform, which was used and refined for further use in the fabrication of all Aguahoja objects. Aguahoja II involves one architectural pavilion (the Aguahoja II pavilion), a library of material artifacts (the Aguahoja II 'wall', 'artifacts', or 'prototypes'), and several enabling technology platforms or processes, including WBDF and Sequential Multi-material Additive Manufacturing. Aguahoja III involves one architectural pavilion, described in the Dezeen source, with further information not yet available online. Subsets of pavilions and artifacts are periodically displayed as exhibitions/installations under the related sub-project or general project name. "Chitosan composite" can be considered a general term for the biocomposite materials used in all Aguahoja objects; multiple chemical formulas were used to achieve different material properties and behaviors, as described further in various publications.
 * https://www.media.mit.edu/projects/aguahoja/overview/ ("Aguahoja I includes three artifacts: an architectural pavilion, a library of material experiments, and a set of associated hardware/software and wetware enabling technologies developed by the Mediated Matter group")
 * Ocean Pavilion publication (see Fig. 1): https://neri.media.mit.edu/assets/pdf/IASS2015_MediatedMatter_small.pdf
 * Aguahoja II pavilion: https://collection.cooperhewitt.org/objects/2318798847/
 * Aguahoja II pavilion: https://www.dezeen.com/2019/05/15/cooper-hewitt-design-triennial-is-a-call-to-action-against-climate-change/
 * Aguahoja II publication: https://doi.org/10.1089/3dp.2020.0171
 * Aguahoja III (includes a full list of related publications): https://www.dezeen.com/2021/11/19/neri-oxman-aguahoja-iii-pavilion-robotically-fabricated/
 * Aguahoja I: https://www.archpaper.com/2019/04/mediated-matter-group-aguahoja/

Within the Silk Pavilion project, there are two sub-projects: Silk Pavilion I and Silk Pavilion II. Silk Pavilion I was constructed on-site by silkworms as a dynamic installation in the MIT Media Lab in 2013. Since then, videos and images of it have been included in exhibitions. Silk Pavilion II was constructed in Italy, then installed at MoMA for the exhibition Material Ecology (2020). It is now on display at the Integral Textile Facility in Guilin, China (image & description can be found here: https://www.esquel.com/integral).
 * https://www.dezeen.com/2020/06/29/neri-oxman-silk-pavilion-ii-video/
 * https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2020/02/20/neri-oxman-harnesses-the-powers-of-17000-silkworms-for-new-york-show ("Initially, the idea was to have the silkworms do their spinning on site in MoMA's galleries, but the museum could not source or import the required number, so it turned to one of Europe's largest silk producing cities, Padua.")
 * https://worldarchitecture.org/architecture-news/effnz/neri-oxman-s-mediated-matter-group-releases-the-process-of-silk-pavilion-ii-spun-by-17-532-silkworms.html
 * https://post.moma.org/a-new-materiality-neri-oxmans-craft-for-the-biological-age/

Within the Synthetic Apiary project, there are two sub-projects: Synthetic Apiary I and Synthetic Apiary II. SA I was a 3-month-long installation and active research project in 2016 (see Architect Magazine source below); it is no longer active. It was an apiary—a physical room in which bees were kept—in which researchers investigated bee health, behavior, and environmental needs, which are relevant to understanding how to solve bee population decline, and it served as a model for building future apiaries for similar research. In their initial experiment, "the honey bees' natural cycle proved to adapt to the new environment, as the Queen was able to successfully lay eggs in the apiary… suggesting that natural cultivation in artificial spaces may be possible across scales." (from the current Arch Daily source; a video of the first egg hatching is here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xQZHTZfps_U&t=150s). Since then, videos of the project have been included in exhibitions. SA II is a collection of designed environments and honeycomb structures built by bees; these objects are periodically exhibited in museums.
 * https://www.architectmagazine.com/technology/mits-mediated-matter-group-builds-a-synthetic-apiary-to-help-save-bees

This is not in active development by the original team. The material 3D printed by the DCP robot was polyurethane foam; the printed foam mold could be then filled with materials such as traditional concrete, sand, soil, ice, or moon dust. In other preliminary experiments, the DCP demonstrated local material gathering through excavation, solar charging, collection of on-site environmental data (radiation measurements), and construction with local materials. Preliminary fabrication explorations also included: direct arc welding of metal to replace rebar, direct arc sintering of sand, thermally deposited ice structures, and compressed earth forms. More information can be found in the Keating 2017 paper. No public installations were produced. According to Keating, NASA was "very excited to use ice for printing on Mars because ice absorbs a lot of cosmic radiation" (from the Fast Company source).

Some additional info may be found here:
 * https://www.advancedsciencenews.com/neri-oxman-and-the-age-of-material-ecology/
 * https://www.designboom.com/technology/mit-dcp-3d-print-buildings-04-28-2017/
 * https://www.futureofconstruction.org/blog/in-the-future-humans-may-live-in-3d-printed-space-colonies/
 * https://www.axios.com/this-robot-constructs-buildings-from-moon-dust-ice-and-dirt-1513302026-291e929e-9932-43af-9e8b-5c5f50e164c6.html

Within the general Totems project, there are two sub-projects: Totems and the architectural pavilion. Totems involves a physical collection of several small objects and four larger columns, plus the enabling technology (namely Data-Driven Material Modeling) and research samples (such as the Melanin Library). The proposal for the architectural pavilion was initiated by Ravi Naidoo and first introduced by Oxman and The Mediated Matter Group at Design Indaba (2018) in Cape Town. The columns were commissioned for the XXII Triennale di Milano and were displayed together with the proposal at the exhibition Broken Nature: Design Takes on Human Survival (2019) in Milan.
 * Melanin Library: https://www.designboom.com/art/schinkel-pavillon-survey-surreal-landscapes-futuristic-scenarios-eco-catastrophe-05-07-2021/
 * Data-Driven Material Modeling publication: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aas8652

Re: changing color, the team appears to speculate that the Totems and pavilion could change color over the course of a day due to the properties of an ancient material: melanin, the same pigment that colors our skin and hair. The channels of the Totems objects contain multiple types of liquid melanin that were synthesized in a lab and/or extracted from natural sources. The team writes that "the genes for melanin production can be engineered into bacterial species, and thereby controlled," as this could give it the potential to not only break down but also regenerate in response to environmental conditions (i.e., sunlight), changing color as it does in skin. I'm having a hard time finding secondary sources to elaborate on this; but these may be helpful:
 * https://news.artnet.com/art-world/neri-oxman-revolutionizing-biology-design-1787466
 * https://www.aiany.org/membership/oculus-magazine/article/fall-2019/living-in-the-material-world-of-neri-oxman/
 * https://www.dezeen.com/2019/04/04/neri-oxman-totems-technology/
 * https://oxman.com/projects/totems


 * I hope these initial responses and sources are helpful as you continue to review the proposed text and update the article. I'll give some thought to images as well. Thanks again! SM at OXMAN (talk) 18:48, 3 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Hello again! I was wondering if you have a moment to revisit this discussion. I've provided some answers to your questions, along with many (hopefully!) helpful sources. I've also shared a trimmed Recognition section below for your consideration. Thanks again for your continued assistance – SM at OXMAN (talk) 22:33, 2 March 2022 (UTC)
 * SM: this is fantastic, exactly what I was looking for. The sources are immensely helpful. I will get back to this soon. (I haven't seen a good model for a permanent source list for additional cites, but I may make a subpage for that here since it would be shame to let this work go to waste; one never knows which sources will go offline.) – SJ +  17:24, 30 March 2022 (UTC)

Recognition section
User:Sj, thanks for reviewing the above request! I am working on answering some of your questions, but in the meantime, I'd like to share an expanded and updated "Recognition" section for consideration. Here's a chronological overview in prose form (instead of partial bullets):

I'd appreciate if editors could review and implement as appropriate. Same as before, I'm happy to address concerns.

Thank you! SM at OXMAN (talk) 21:00, 26 January 2022 (UTC)
 * Hello again SM -- This is an area where Wikipedia style tends to differ from other online bios, leaving out most nominations, lists, and awards that don't have their own article or section. There is a spectrum from verbose to compact, but all should be fairly compact. If you could identify highlights that are awards notable in the field (I'm always wary of awards from publications like Fast Company), or clusters of awards that are for the same aspect or medium of work (more useful than a chronological list, for cross-disciplinary work), that would be an improvement.
 * And thanks for looking over those questions, let me know if I can clarify any of them. Regards, – SJ +  02:49, 28 January 2022 (UTC)


 * Thanks again for reviewing, Sj. Please go ahead and trim the proposed text as you see fit! If helpful, here is a new version focusing on the most notable awards:


 * This trimmed version removes mention of the Earth Award, Esquire, Fast Company, Icon, Building Design+Construction, Architizer, and STARTS Prize. Again, please feel free to adjust! Thanks, SM at OXMAN ([[User talk:SM at OXMAN|talk) 22:46, 3 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Yes, very helpful again. Thank you :) – SJ + 17:24, 30 March 2022 (UTC)

Complimentary quotes from others?
There are a number of promotional type quotes in the career section. How is this typically handled? What would other editors propose to be done about this to make this article the best it can be? LWu22 (talk) 21:01, 27 October 2023 (UTC)


 * There is a response to this question on the good article page here: Wikipedia talk:Good article reassessment - Wikipedia
 * It seems as though the quotes are ok but have to be moved to the correct location in the article.
 * It was also pointed out that the lead has to be updated to more accurately reflect the contents of the article. I will work on these two points in my upcoming editing sessions. Also sharing it here incase other editors would like to work on it.
 * Finally, I had some additional questions about best practices which I also asked in my response on that page. Feel free to update per response (there is no response as of right now as I just posed it). LWu22 (talk) 21:25, 29 October 2023 (UTC)

Complimentary quotes from others?
There are a number of promotional type quotes in the career section. How is this typically handled? What would other editors propose to be done about this to make this article the best it can be? LWu22 (talk) 21:01, 27 October 2023 (UTC)


 * There is a response to this question on the good article page here: Wikipedia talk:Good article reassessment - Wikipedia
 * It seems as though the quotes are ok but have to be moved to the correct location in the article.
 * It was also pointed out that the lead has to be updated to more accurately reflect the contents of the article. I will work on these two points in my upcoming editing sessions. Also sharing it here incase other editors would like to work on it.
 * Finally, I had some additional questions about best practices which I also asked in my response on that page. Feel free to update per response (there is no response as of right now as I just posed it). LWu22 (talk) 21:25, 29 October 2023 (UTC)


 * I moved and shortened the obvious ones. It's more common to have quotes from reviews, some of these need more context to be kept. – SJ + 20:16, 6 January 2024 (UTC)

Missing mention of motives (ie, antisemitism) of accusers against Oxman
Allegations of plagiarism came after Bill Ackman's support of Israel. Should the article should include details of antisemitism, etc. 76.27.200.197 (talk) 05:56, 8 January 2024 (UTC)


 * Do you have any reliable sources which argue that? Labelling journalism which revealed the mistakes of a Jewish person as ‘antisemitism’ is pretty strange. It’s more likely the motivation was simply to expose the hypocrisy after Ackman went after Claudine Gay. Zenomonoz (talk) 21:13, 8 January 2024 (UTC)
 * This WaPo article is a bit more clear. It’s the owner of Business Insider, a company which aligns itself with Israel, who is alleging there might be anti Zionist or semetic motivations. Not sure if this is too trivial to mention here tbh. Zenomonoz (talk) 21:26, 8 January 2024 (UTC)
 * notably it's a company that requires a loyalty pledge to ... israel ... for it's european media subsidiaries. Yes I'm confused too but Germany is weird.
 * it was in the news when it acquired politico because they didn't make the employees sign the pledge but did confirm they would enforce it.
 * For what it's worth, Bill Ackman mentioned Axel Springer and KKR (the majority shareholder of Axel Springer) in one of his first tweets addressing Business Insider so that likely has something to do with their investigation.
 * Sources:
 * https://www.timesofisrael.com/new-owners-wont-make-politico-employees-sign-pro-israel-pledge/
 * https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2021-10-17/ty-article/new-politico-owner-says-will-enforce-pro-israel-policy/0000017f-f763-d47e-a37f-ff7f63b90000
 * https://twitter.com/BillAckman/status/1743792226591723914 2600:4040:278C:CA00:6D54:33B7:ECD1:36FD (talk) 00:01, 9 January 2024 (UTC)