Talk:Neural basis of synesthesia

I believe the first sentence of the article "Synesthesia is a neurological condition in which two or more bodily senses are coupled" is incorrect. For example, grapheme-color synesthesia involves two stimuli being associated that are both in the visual modality. I think correcting this first sentence might clear up a lot of misconceptions about synesthesia. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.22.18.15 (talk) 06:30, 1 May 2012 (UTC)

What about the Dutch study that was reported in Nature Neuroscience last year? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.59.181.103 (talk • contribs) 03:23, Jun 12, 2008 (UTC)

I don't know anything about wikipedia.

The neuranatomy of grapheme-color synesthesia, published in the European Journal of Neuroscience in 2009 explores some more of the neuroanatomical anomalies pertaining to the underlying structure of the brain in synesthetes. The study is based of of several previous experiments which describe a cross-activation in specific regions within the fusiform gyrus. The areas that were involved in the cross activation included those primarily responsible for grapheme recognition as well as color recognition. In this study, Lutz Jancke et al. analyzes the physiology of brain structures responsible for the condition of grapheme-color synesthesia. The study takes into consideration variables including the volume of the cortex, the thickness of the cortex, and the overall surface area. The volume, thickness, and overall surface area were mapped "on the basis of T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in synesthetes and non-synesthetes using well-validated surface-based morphometric methods (Jackne, 2009, p. 1287)." The subjects of the brain mapping included forty-eight people total. Twenty-four of those people were confirmed synesthetes, and the other twenty-four were non-synesthetes. Each group of was comprised 20 women and four men. The particpants had a close mean age, around 30 years and from relatively similar academic backgrounds. The synesthetes of the group had undergone testing to confirm that they were legitimate synesthetes. A complex set of methods and tools were employed to develop images of the participants' brains. Through the use of a Philips Intera full body MRI scanner and neuro-imaging software, 3d images of the subjects' brains were created. These images were analyzed according to the variables of cortical thickness, volume, and surface area of both the right and left hemispheres. The research team accounted for the variations between brains through the employment of a cerebral mapping system. This allowed for a more accurate comparison of the size of specific regions of the brain across all subjects through a uniform set of coordinates for the brain. Synesthetes exhibited three major differences from controls in brain structure. The first major difference was a larger cortical surface areas of both the left and the right hemispheres. Second was a larger cortical volume in the right hemisphere of synesthetes. Third and most defining was the "trend toward significantly larger cortical volumes within the left hempisphere in synesthetes (Jackne, 2009, p. 1289)." This study demonstrated some striking differences in the structure of the brains of sytnesthetes when compared to those a non-synestyhetic population. These findings are consistent with previous reserach that describe the particular regions within the brain that the synesthetic expereince takes place, the fusiform gyrus. However, it has yet to be determined whether the presence of more volume and surface area in the brains of the synesthetes predetermines the condition of synethesia or if the phenonmenon results directly fron modified brain  structure. Regardless, both synesthetic and non-synesthetic brain types include the areas implicated in the synesthetic experience.

Jancke, L., Beeli, G., Eulig, C. & Hanggi, J. (January 20, 2009). The neuroanatomy of grapheme-color synesthesia. Cognitive Neuroscience, 29, 1287-1293. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.180.10.231 (talk) 05:56, 3 June 2009 (UTC)

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