Talk:New England/Archive 5

This archive includes threads from Talk: New England from January 1st 2011 through (TBD).

Boston vs Hartford
We have had extensive discussions about this before (archived). One always assumes "tongue in cheek." Like Chicago vs NYC or something.

Greater Boston has 4.4 million not counting the "extended" area defined by the census bureau. Greater Hartford is 1 million. With those statistics alone, on pure quantity, Hartford cannot claim ascendancy. Second place, yes. I live in northern Vt and avoid Boston, like most sensible people, and go through Hartford a lot. Hartford is not Boston and I appreciate it. But to claim it is the metropolitan center of NE requires chutzpah IMO.

And as far as avoiding Boston goes, its like the statement attributed to Yogi Berra, "Nobody goes to that restaurant anymore. It's too crowded!" Of course, there is a reason that it is "too crowded." Student7 (talk) 21:53, 11 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Who's claiming ascendancy? :-) The entry was that Boston was the cultural center of New England, which (at best) is opinion, and certainly isn't citable. Yes, that was a little "tap" of mine to point that out, and I very nearly used New Haven as a counter-example instead. Heck, I'm sure that there are those which consider Providence or somewhere else to be the "cultural center"... As for capital, there's a reason why CT & RI broke off from the Puritans. Best, Markvs88 (talk) 22:15, 11 January 2011 (UTC)
 * CT and RI did not break off from the Puritans. New Haven's parish was run by none other than Cotton Mather. --TimothyDexter (talk) 22:30, 11 January 2011 (UTC)
 * I admit I'm a bit rusty in my colonial history (since I haven't taken it an undergrad class in 1992...) but as I recall the settlers of RI & CT broke off from the Mass Bay colony because they were trying to impose the same rules on them that the British had tried to impose on the Puritans. In any event, the point is that to arbitrarily call Boston the cultural center or capital of New England is dubious. Best, Markvs88 (talk) 22:34, 11 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Local pride aside, with half of New England's entire population, the Boston metropolitan area is without a doubt, even today, the center of the region. Historically, the doubt is yet more diminished. The claim is not arbitrary, but well-cited. While New Haven and Providence were established by Bostonian dissenters, they were nonetheless wholeheartedly Puritan. New Haven was Cotton Mather's satellite (he even convinced Elihu Yale to establish Yale University), and Providence, although adopting greater separation between church and state, was still without question Puritan. What else would they have been? Catholic? Anglican? Both were heretical in colonial times. --TimothyDexter (talk) 22:50, 11 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Dexter is quite right--the RS are clear enough: "It remains the financial, commercial, intellectual and cultural hub of New England." (Purdom 2002); "unchallenged travel hub of New England" (Bowen 2003); in colonial days "served as the hub of New England and its clergy-driven culture of print" (Conforti 2001); "the economic and cultural hub of New England" (Lawson 2007); "by the turn of the twentieth century, the intellectual 'Hub of the Universe' had become the industrial hub of New England" (WPA 1937); "the commercial hub of New England." (Beagle 2006); "the social and intellectual hub of New England" (Hoerr 2001); "The city is the engine of the Massachusetts Miracle, and the economic hub of New England" (Dutt 2007), etc etc Rjensen (talk) 22:56, 11 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Thank you so much for the extensive references. On that note, the lead of the article was changed some time ago (I'm not sure when) to make it seem as if New England's aspirations for independence centered around taxation and the Boston Tea Party. If I'm not mistaken, it was a bit more neutral before. While both are important historical movements, they were also very controversial at the time. There was more to Massachusetts' displeasure with the English monarchy than taxation (religion being no small matter; King George, after all, was the Defender of the Faith, which, at the time in New England, was very much the wrong faith). I can't quite tell when that change was made. However, I'd much prefer it if the lead simply stated that the New England colonies exhibited ambitions for independence. The reasons can be explained in greater detail in the History of New England article (or even the American Revolution article). With all the recent talk about the "Tea Party" and taxes, these recent changes seem academically suspicious to me. --TimothyDexter (talk) 23:11, 11 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Historians are pretty well agreed that taxes were the core issues for the Patriots in the 1765-1775 era, and Boston was the center of it. religion was not much of a factor. See The Whites of Their Eyes: The Tea Party's Revolution and the Battle over American History (2010) by Harvard history professor Jill Lepore. Rjensen (talk) 23:20, 11 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Thanks for that. I do think, however, that we could have a discussion about the Boston Tea Party, which is importantly really only in elementary school versions of history. In fact, it was a rather unpopular affair (property destruction, anonymous violence, etc.). People were more upset about their local government being overruled by the English parliament (the Intolerable Acts, the Massachusetts Government Act, etc.). --TimothyDexter (talk) 23:29, 11 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Thank you for the citations, that's all I was asking for. Best, Markvs88 (talk) 00:14, 12 January 2011 (UTC)
 * the Intolerable Acts certainly outraged Americans in all 13 colonies--they stripped away self government and many rights from ALL the people of Massachusetts (the British did not prosecute anyone for the Tea Party)--they were London's direct and immediate response to the Boston tea party. Rjensen (talk) 00:48, 12 January 2011 (UTC)

Changes to the lead
There have been a lot of recent changes to the lead of the article. I would like to thank other editors for making these improvements. If we are to get this article to FA or even GA status, however, then the lead needs to remain stable. The lead is meant to summarize the body of the article. There should be no "new" information in the lead, i.e. information that does not appear in the body of the article. Thus, there should be no references in the lead; references appear in the body of the article.

Before making changes to the lead, with the exception of minor fixes, I think that it might be best to first discuss proposals on this talk page. --TimothyDexter (talk) 20:33, 16 January 2011 (UTC)
 * I included information in the lead about New England's cultural identity, which I now see has been removed since I last checked this page in the last week of December 2010. Am I to understand that my edits were undone for the reasons you state? Might I suggest the creation of a section within the article that pertains to the region's strong sense of cultural identity? Thanks. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 149.152.191.2 (talk) 21:29, 18 January 2011 (UTC)
 * I didn't notice that. I don't see any reason why it should be excluded to the lead; it's significant enough. I'll put it back for you. --TimothyDexter (talk) 17:05, 19 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Thanks again. It's an easily observable phenomenon and rather useful in understanding the behaviors and attitudes of New England society, so I think it bears inclusion in this article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.252.112.90 (talk) 13:42, 23 January 2011 (UTC)

Accents
Under the section on Accents, the article states:


 * While at one point Boston accents were most strongly associated with the so-called "Eastern Establishment" and Boston's upper class, today the accent is predominantly associated with blue-collar natives as exemplified by movies like Good Will Hunting and The Departed.

While the stereotypical Boston accent is certainly associated with the working class, I am uncertain that it has ever been associated with the upper class. Instead, the Boston Brahmin accent has historically been associated with the Boston upper class. Do others agree? If so, I will consider substituting the quoted line with something like the following:


 * The Boston accent has been predominantly associated with the Boston working class, especially Irish-Americans, as exemplified by the movies Good Will Hunting and The Departed. A separate accent from the Boston area, the Boston Brahmin accent, was historically associated with Boston's upper class.

Alternatively, claims on the socioeconomic associations with the accents can be removed, as they would be better discussed in the related accent articles. Instead, the text from the Boston article could be used instead:


 * The "Boston accent" is widely parodied in the U.S. as the speech of the Kennedys.[85] It is non-rhotic (i.e., drops the "r" sound at the end of syllables unless the next syllable starts with a vowel) and traditionally uses a "broad a" in certain words, so "bath" can sound like "bahth".[86] Boston English has many dialect words, such as "frappe", meaning "milkshake made with ice cream" (as opposed to other milkshakes).[87] The accent originated in the non-rhotic speech of 17th century East Anglia and Lincolnshire.[88]

jthetzel (talk) 15:57, 3 February 2011 (UTC)


 * Okay, I guess. Frappe almost has to come from French, doesn't it? I would leave that out. Frappe was once used throughout New England and was not reserved for Bostonians. I think the pronunciation is important rather than the selection of words here. Student7 (talk) 23:33, 5 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 'Frappe' is still pretty prevalent, at least throughout Massachusetts. 'Frappé' means "whipped" in French, and is probably the origin of the term. --TimothyDexter (talk) 00:50, 6 February 2011 (UTC)
 * I cannot disagree with you, My point was that the accent itself is sufficiently notable for the observation that was being made. Unique food names can be elsewhere maybe? Cuisine of New England, perhaps? And it is difficult to chronicle the usage of a particular word in a particular timeframe. Boston? Massachusetts? New England? But then, the section is really about a notable accent to which few people would disagree IMO. ~
 * I think that the Boston English article contains a lexicon. I agree that lexical matters should be excluded. --TimothyDexter (talk) 02:43, 8 February 2011 (UTC)

{{hide| irrelevant to article|

Question for New Englanders
As a New Englander (Massachusetts) I am curious as to something. Would any of you support the idea of the six states of New England unifing into one single state. Who here from New England would support such a move? I have been thinking about this for a while and if so would unification be beneficial to both our region and economy as a whole. Even if New England became one state there are at least ten states that would still be larger than us. Tell me what you guys think. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Tom991 (talk • contribs) 23:47, 23 February 2011 (UTC)


 * Hi Tom911, your question seems to be a general interest one and does not have any relevance to making changes to this article. Reminder: Wikipedia is not a forum.  Please direct your question to a forum site.  Thanks.--Louiedog (talk) 22:39, 24 February 2011 (UTC)

}}

I think this section needs to be expanded a bit. Actually it could be quite possible to create an article in itself of individual New England accents. In New York alone, there is a general accent that differs from any other New England state, but it breaks down even further in NYC where each borough (of which there are five) has its own distinct accent. Obviously breaking down the differences and their etymology would be way too much for this article, but maybe something that would work would be a bullet list with each accent and the main features that distinguishes it from the other accents. Maine's accent is also different from all these others, so all they really talk about is New Jersey (barely, which also has varying accents), and Boston. That kind of gets me too, you see it in films and everything else and everyone seems to think that those accents (NJ and Boston) are the prototypical accents of New England, but the fact is that the vast majority of people from this region that don't sound anything like that at all. Take the cartoon character Bugs Bunny. He sounds nothing like your typical New England'er (based on what you see perpetuated on television), yet his accent was created by combining the accents of three or four of New York City's boroughs. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.121.78.185 (talk) 00:26, 28 August 2011 (UTC)

Good Article nomination
It's that time again. It's been more than 2 years since the last nomination, and almost a year since the last peer review (check it out here). I think that we've made significant progress since then. What do you guys think needs to be done before we nominate the article once again? --TimothyDexter (talk) 19:22, 28 March 2011 (UTC)

History section
I've been working on cleaning up and finding sources for the claims in the history section. Definitely made some progress. I still think it's too long, and that about 25% of it could be moved to the main article. Any thoughts? Any takers? --TimothyDexter (talk) 02:06, 31 March 2011 (UTC)


 * I'm assuming that you mean that there is still candidate material that can be moved from the history section here into the "main" history of New England article. If so, I agree. The section here is still too long IMO. Student7 (talk) 13:25, 2 April 2011 (UTC)

Boston as "hub of New England"
Nobody denies that Boston is New England's "capital," which the lede already states, but it is not and has never commonly been called "the hub of New England"; the "hub" expression is derived from an Oliver Wendell Holmes quote, originally "hub of the solar system" (in reference to the State House), then "hub of the universe."

Further informations (and references) can be found at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_nicknames

Note that even the article on Boston doesn't use this expression; in any case, it's a bit of trivia about the city (a nickname) and it belongs in the Boston article, not this one. --TimothyDexter (talk) 01:18, 30 March 2011 (UTC)

Boston is only the capital of MA. Stop trying to create states that do not exist. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.233.213.76 (talk) 18:39, 12 August 2011 (UTC)

A weak phrase?
Part of a paragraph that got deleted then restored was "It has a climate and a supply of natural resources (such as granite, lobster, and codfish) that are different from other parts of the country."

The rest of the restored paragraph seemed pretty good and (therefore) didn't quote that!

The sentence is strangely compound. Has a climate and rocks that are different from the rest of the country? All sections of the country have a different climate. Some "better" some "worse." Not that unique there IMO.

I agree that the granite, lobster and codfish supplies are unique, they somehow don't quite define the region that sharply IMO. I think the sentence should be reworked or moved or both maybe. Student7 (talk) 20:07, 9 April 2011 (UTC)
 * I added that a long time ago, almost verbatim from the Department of Commerce (or something like that, I can't quite remember). Feel free to re-write it. --TimothyDexter (talk) 16:35, 10 April 2011 (UTC)


 * Well, I tried. I see the problem. Still doesn't really scan that well. Nice to mention those products. Student7 (talk) 22:54, 11 April 2011 (UTC)

misleading Boston College caption
I propose removing the photo of Boston College or at least changing what the caption is about. The current caption: "The Old World's enduring influence over New England is evident in the architecture." The Gothic architecture found at Boston College is representative not of New England in particular but of American universities in general -- take Duke and the University of Chicago for two non-New England schools with Gothic campuses built at roughly the same time. The claim is not elsewhere made in the article that "old world" styles of architecture are more enduring in New England compared to other parts of the U.S., and I don't believe it's true. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 205.208.116.196 (talk) 01:35, 22 July 2011 (UTC)
 * Agreed -- that caption has always bothered me. The architecture in question is Collegiate Gothic, a subgenre of Gothic Revival architecture, a 19th-century movement. Collegiate Gothic architecture can be found all over the United States and the world, and is hardly unique to New England. It would be more accurate to say that Georgian architecture, and the Federalist architecture that followed it, exhibit 18th-century English influences on the region. First Period architecture from the 17th century is an even better example: consider Fairbanks House (Dedham, Massachusetts). All of these more accurately demonstrate direct European influences on New England architecture (in fact, at the time, it was simply European architecture). Perhaps the BC photo could be replaced by an image of the Fairbanks House. As far as I know, no Gothic architecture was constructed by the colonists; Puritans, I am almost certain, would have viewed Gothic architecture as too gaudy, too showy, and most of all, too Catholic/Anglican. --TimothyDexter (talk) 21:13, 22 July 2011 (UTC)

Archive irregularities
All, I've found a couple of "orphaned" archives, and am working on fixing everything to be sequential. I'll put up another message as soon as I'm done. Best, Markvs88 (talk) 15:51, 27 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Okay, it's done. Best, Markvs88 (talk) 17:21, 27 December 2011 (UTC)

Politics section
The politics section needs some significant rewriting. I did a bit of copyediting and reorganization this morning, but there's still much work to be done. At the moment, it seems rather schizophrenic -- opening with random facts about property taxes, moving to town meetings, discussing the anti-nuclear movement, and ending with an arbitrary list of notable legal trivia (although some of these trivia could be easily reintegrated into the opening of the section). This is how I propose that the section be organized:


 * Brief overview of the political history of New England (this is where we would include the trivia like abolitionism, anti-death penalty, gay marriage, etc.; it would briefly and easily demonstrate the evolution from Puritanism to progressivism as the dominant politics of the region)
 * Town meetings (get rid of the "government" heading altogether, as well as the tax factoids, which have no place there or anywhere)
 * Elections: Overview (integrate the New Hampshire primary section into this one); Political party strength
 * Remove "Notable laws and movements" altogether, integrating the most interesting information into the rest of the section

Thoughts? --TimothyDexter (talk) 06:20, 19 December 2011 (UTC)


 * As an aside, why is NH the only state that leans Republican? Maine has two GOP senators.  Hot Stop talk-contribs 06:31, 19 December 2011 (UTC)
 * It's what the Gallup reference says. Don't forget that Snowe and Collins are the "least Republican" (in terms of voting with party) members of the Republican caucus in the Senate -- with Rand Paul of Kentucky. It also hasn't gone for a Republican presidential candidate for over 20 years. Maine is not considered to lean either way. --TimothyDexter (talk) 20:19, 19 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I rewrote it to mention Maine is "competive" Hot Stop talk-contribs 05:24, 22 December 2011 (UTC)


 * As you can see, I reorganized the sections. "Politics" is too much misunderstood in the US to have it as the highest level topic. Hating McCain/Bush and loving Obama, is not "politics" except on tv. This is (at best) elections or campaigning. Best to avoid this as the highest level topic for the whole smash. Government is the mechanics of government and should generally be non-controversial. Elections are campaigning or voting or elections results. In one article, it's a week by week poll! Whatever polls have to do with elections.
 * This makes it easy to sort out "politics" which is what elected government officials do (pass laws) in their spare time at the capital when they aren't out campaigning.
 * Writing what is happening in the present tense tends to make an article more controversial than it needs to be IMO. Saying Vermont voted 98% for Obama in 2008 is a fair statement. But saying that Vermont is the most liberal state in the country today (on the basis of that 2008 election) is inaccurate for lack of data (except for the inevitable "poll" wherever polls are in the constitution. Student7 (talk) 23:05, 23 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I have thought about what to do with this section for a while. I agree with your concerns, but I think splitting the section up into major headings clutters the organization a bit. After all, government, politics, and elections are inextricably related (at least in a liberal democracy). Finding examples on which to base the New England article is difficult, since, on the one hand, New England is not a political entity; but on the other hand, it is as distinct and cohesive a US region as, say, the South. So perhaps a mixture of examples might be adequate. Here are how similar articles deal with the organization:
 * Southern United States: "Recent politics": "Other politicians and political movements"
 * Midwestern United States: "Politics": "Historical", "Recent trends", "Iowa caucuses"
 * Here are how a couple of FAs deal with the organization (one a city, one a state):
 * San Francisco: "Law and government"
 * Oklahoma: "Law and government": "Local government", "State government", "National politics"
 * Following their example, it may be that a "Laws and governments" section with "Local governments" ("Town meetings" and "New England towns"), "State governments", and "National politics" subsections might be most appropriate; however, since New England is not a political entity, it feels a bit odd. The only thing that all the states share is a relative amount of American-style liberalism (social, economic, or both), town meetings, and the concept of the New England town.
 * Furthermore, I do not think that it is controversial to note (with credible, mainstream references, of course), that New England is and is perceived to be both more liberal and libertarian than the rest of the US, even if there are many people in New England who wished that such were not the case. A NPOV does not mean being mealy-mouthed about the politics or the perceived politics of a particular place. Here is how I propose to organize the section:
 * Law and government (here we can provide an overview that would include the notable laws and movements)
 * Local government
 * New England town
 * Town meeting
 * State government
 * National politics
 * Political party strength
 * Elections
 * New Hampshire primary
 * Each section would have links to their appropriate main articles (like Government of New Hampshire), and some would need to be created (like Politics of New England -- as of 2012-12-24).
 * In any case, I strongly feel that two things need to be emphasized: unique institutions (towns and town meetings) and unique politics (national firsts, movements, and obvious left-of-center or libertarian leanings).
 * What do you all have to say about this proposal? --TimothyDexter (talk) 02:54, 24 December 2011 (UTC)


 * I can see you've given a lot of thought to this. Thank you for that.
 * As I've mentioned above, I have a particular aversion to the subtitle "politics" wherever it crops up. At the most academic level, "politics" is exercising "policy" by passing laws. So "National Politics" IMO, is the states 12 senators and whatever representatives voting for Obamacare or whatever they voted for that seems significant.
 * The media tries to say that when a campaigner utters some phrase, he is participating in "politics." But he isn't really, he's just campaigning for office. What he said may never become law nor a bill introduced, even if he is elected. Just words. So I think the tv definition should be ignored as unacademic. "Politics" as referring to campaigns and voting and elections does not seem accurate to me. "National elections" seems more appropriate for the high level subsection you proposed IMO. That way, it becomes an academic article. And therefore less controversial
 * The structure above does not allow for what I would term a "politics" subsection. This implies to me that politics would then be under "government" which, IMO, should be relegated to the description of common (or uncommon) government structure as exists in the various constitutions.
 * I think mixing "law and government" is not the best arrangement. Laws, ultimately, are "politics" in the truest form. They reflect the combination of elections and government. "And" article titles are discouraged in policy. Maybe a good idea for sections as well. The beauty of having a separate government subsection is that it is truly dull, and will have few updates. Another non-controversial subsection! Student7 (talk) 15:50, 26 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Thanks for your response. I definitely understand your concerns. The last thing that I want is a section that needs to be continuously edited (with anything other than statistical updates). The "Law and government" proposal, however, is taken straight from two US-related featured articles. Have a look at the national politics section of Oklahoma: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahoma#National_politics. My issue with a "National elections" section is first that it differs from the standards set by other FAs, second that there are no national elections in the US (save for the President, which is still indirect). Politicians elected to the US government are elected within their states and represent their states.
 * If I am not mistaken, your main concern is a section that essentially lists how the "politics" in New England differs from the rest of the country. I think that this can be accomplished in three, maybe four, sentences. It's enough to state that New England tends to vote Democratic, and that New Hampshire tends to be more on the libertarian side. More or less everything else should be in the history section (which lacks a great deal of 20th- and 21st-century history at present time). --TimothyDexter (talk) 06:26, 27 December 2011 (UTC)


 * As you mentioned earlier, this is a region, rather than a state. It may have been in one article, but it would be the first time I saw "Law and Government" together. The major reason not to do this, is that (unusual) "law/statutes" properly belong under "Politics." It is politics at its purest form.
 * "Elections" - New England tends to vote Democrat, etc. Voting is elections, right?
 * I defer to you on history because I haven't looked at it lately, but old stuff needs to be there. I think it is clear when "Government" is "too old" - it has been superseded by other constitutional amendments. Vermont, e.g., had a cute provision for a "Board of Censors" which was much better than it sounded, to oversee what was perceived as a "weak/unknowledgeable" Supreme Court in the early days. This was dissolved in the early 19th century, I think. I'm not recommending it for the article, but just giving an example.
 * "Politics" should be moved when laws are superseded - e.g. several states outlawed booze in the 19th century. That was replaced by other statutes or Prohibition. I guess where generalization starts failing, is the time when "Elections" material should be moved. Majority Republican rule is clearly "History." :) Student7 (talk) 23:22, 28 December 2011 (UTC)

TOC irregularities
The new talk page starts with number 9 on the table of contents. Are those discussions suppose to still be here or can we just fix the numbering?Weebro55 (talk) 04:17, 29 December 2011 (UTC)


 * I have (hopefully temporarily) removed WP:WikiProject Vermont from the list of interested projects at the top of the page. The "to do" list for that project, which gets transcluded wherever the WikiProject Vermont template (or its "U.S|VT=yes" replacement) is used, contains a TOC-suppression instruction and eight level-two section headings, which taken together mess up the table of contents of every talk page on which it is used. Hopefully, someone here is also active in that project and can get the issue resolved. Fat&#38;Happy (talk) 07:11, 29 December 2011 (UTC)

Copyeditor's question no. 2 - Hartford Convention
"Delegates from all over New England met in Hartford in the winter of 1814-15. The gathering was called the Hartford Convention. The twenty-seven delegates met to discuss changes to the US Constitution that would protect the region from similar legislation and attempt to keep political power in the region."

The phrasing of the start of these sentences suggest that they are not related to the previous sentence, which was about the war of 1812. This means I need to ask, legislation similar to what?

A WP:PARAPHRASE and WP:COPYPASTE check for these three sentences might also be needed, since the apparent disappearance of whatever "similar legislation" is referring to, is a possible sign that fragments of a copyvio problem might have accidentally leaked back into the text. --Demiurge1000 (talk) 00:32, 14 January 2012 (UTC)


 * From "Embargo Act of 1807 and James Madison's Nonintercourse Act of 1809.." (From the Hartford Convention article. And yes, these sentences need tweaking as well. Thanks. Student7 (talk) 02:14, 20 January 2012 (UTC)


 * Thanks, I've changed this to improve the flow of it. --Demiurge1000 (talk) 02:21, 21 January 2012 (UTC)

Copyeditor's question no.1 - slavery
"By 1784, all of the states in the region had introduced the gradual abolition of slavery, with Vermont and Massachusetts introducing total abolition in 1777 and 1783, respectively."

This sentence needs some tweaks, but I need to quickly (lazily...) find out exactly what it means.

Does it mean;
 * all states in the region had completely abolished slavery by 1784
 * all states in the region had taken at least some steps toward abolishing slavery by 1784
 * all states in the region had "mostly" (or some similar adverb) abolished slavery by 1784
 * all states in the region were in the process, by 1784, of taking legislative steps that would lead to their complete abolition of slavery
 * something else?

Is there any particular reason for Vermont and Massachusetts being mentioned specifically? --Demiurge1000 (talk) 00:10, 14 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Yes, becuase other states took longer. Consider the word "gradual". I don't know about other states off the top of my head, but I'm pretty sure slavery in Connecticut was still legal until 1820. Best, Markvs88 (talk) 15:54, 14 January 2012 (UTC)

I think I added this information a while ago. If I recall correctly, Vermont and Massachusetts had both formally abolished slavery in 1777 and 1783, which means that slavery was illegal except under the federal Fugitive Slave Act (meaning that if a person had been enslaved in another state, they couldn't gain their freedom simply by moving to a free state). Other states introduced gradual emancipation, either by banning the slave trade, but not slavery itself, by legislating automatic emancipation at a certain age in the manner of apprenticeship or indentured servitude, or both. Complete *de jure* abolition throughout the region was effected some two decades prior to the US Civil War. --TimothyDexter (talk) 08:23, 15 January 2012 (UTC)


 * As Demiurge has suggested, the sentence does need tweaking.
 * With the recent federal immigration law as a backdrop, it is (apparently) not up to the states to enforce federal law. They must, of course, cooperate with it, but it may not be necessary to mention the federal Fugitive Slave Law here. Be nice in several other articles. A US States type article maybe. Student7 (talk) 02:09, 20 January 2012 (UTC)
 * As an aside, states were actually compelled to enforce the Fugitive Slave laws, although those in the North did so with less enthusiasm, and engaged in active if largely unofficial resistance. I'm not familiar with the jurisprudence of the time, but it probably fell under interstate commerce and various other unfortunate antebellum constitutional protections for slavery. --TimothyDexter (talk) 14:22, 21 January 2012 (UTC)
 * I eventually went with "By 1784, all of the states in the region had taken steps towards the abolition of slavery, with Vermont and Massachusetts introducing total abolition in 1777 and 1783, respectively." Having come here as copyeditor (although I have an interest in the subject), I don't really have an informed opinion about the relevance of the sentence here. It didn't seem out of place (logically) when reading it. --Demiurge1000 (talk) 01:55, 21 January 2012 (UTC)

Flag
Although it has a handful of historical flags, New England as a region of the United States currently has no official flag. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_New_England_1988.png is a proprietary flag that was endorsed by the New England Governors' Conference, but holds no official status. It does not belong in this article, especially considering its copyright status, and it certainly does not belong in the infobox. --TimothyDexter (talk) 14:31, 21 January 2012 (UTC)
 * I agree with its removal, although I have seen it on a few secessionist articles, it doesn't belong on the New England wikipedia page.Weebro55 (talk) 00:04, 27 January 2012 (UTC)

Coercive/Intolerable Acts
After some thought, I changed the term from 'Coercive' to the 'Intolerable Acts'. Although the laws were named in Britain the Coercive Acts, Coercive Acts redirects to Intolerable Acts on Wikipedia. Also, non-English Wikipedias favor 'Intolerable Acts'. It would seem that history has favored the colonists' nomenclature. --TimothyDexter (talk) 16:41, 2 February 2012 (UTC)

Greater New England?
I have heard this mentioned a few times throughout the internet when talking about culture. It usually references New England settlers and places out west they migrated to. Can someone define what this term means and where specifically it refers to? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.63.193.55 (talk) 22:43, 21 July 2011 (UTC)


 * My understanding is that it included most of the North, depending on who you asked and when, as of course all the migration didn't happen at once. However, I haven't found any satisfactory sources. --Saerain (talk) 23:54, 26 July 2011 (UTC)


 * Donald W. Meinig uses the term quite a bit in his Shaping of America histories, especially vol. 1 & 2 if I recall. They aren't online, not even as a Google Books preview though. I'll see if I can dig up a terse definition in one of his books. Pfly (talk) 00:35, 27 July 2011 (UTC)

After a quick look, it seems that Meinig mostly uses the term "Greater New England" only in his first Shaping of America book, which is mostly about the colonial era. While he describes the spread and influence of New England peoples and culture in the second book, he doesn't seem to use the term "Greater New England" for this. From the first book, under a section titled "Greater New England":

''By 1750 northeastern North America was to an important degree a Greater New England. Such a term does not refer to a homogeneous region nor a cohesive structure: it included six political units, several economic areas, and some cultural variation; but it was a functional realm dominated by a powerful people and focused on a major center.''

The major center was Boston, but he mentions important rivals such as Newport, Salem, Portsmouth, Providence, New London, and New Haven. The region's "main body", with its six major nuclei, was basically today's Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts, as well as most of Long Island, the coast of Maine, fingers up the Connecticut and other rivers, and an intermixed area along the Hudson River down to towns like Newark, NJ. He also describes a larger region, "beyond the domain of New England settlement", "a sphere of strong Yankee influence, bound in many ways to Boston and its commercial system despite the strong British official presence at Halifax". This larger region extended northeast from the core New England, including the coast up to Acadia (now Nova Scotia), almost all of Acadia, and southeast Newfoundland around St Johns. A key aspect of this larger region, labelled prominently on a map in the book, if "The Banks", the offshore fisheries. Pfly (talk) 00:56, 27 July 2011 (UTC)


 * I don't want to start rumors since I've never read the term. But. Could the usage mean the old timey claims that all states had (including Connecticut, for example) well west of their current boundaries? See, for example, History_of_Connecticut. Not sure if other states, like Massachusetts, participated in this "land grab!" This would have been fairly disconnected New England from current boundaries. Student7 (talk) 00:20, 29 July 2011 (UTC)


 * Massachsetts claimed Iroguoia (western New York) by means of a Kings charter. New York countered with deeds from the various Iroquois Nations, many obtained through the exertion of great pressure against the Nations and from outright subterfuge. It wasn't until 1786 that NY prevailed by settling more NYers on the land than MA did. MA retained a right to 230,400 acres in the Chemung Valley as a result of the agreement between the states, but sold it in 1788 when it needed money.


 * The Divided Ground: Indians, Settlers, and the Northern Boderland of the American Revolution; Alan Taylor; New York: Alfred A. Knopf; 2006; Pages 154-156, 165-166.


 * Wordreader (talk) 21:24, 11 March 2012 (UTC)

Citation error
In the "Notes" section:

''29 ^ Cite error:. . .''

Can someone who knows how to format citations repair this? Thanks. Wordreader (talk) 21:35, 11 March 2012 (UTC)
 * ✅ Fat&#38;Happy (talk) 22:24, 11 March 2012 (UTC)

New English?
I just noticed this addition to the demonym list. Is "New English" an actual term that is used? I have only ever heard "New Englander" and "Yankee" as a demonym for this region. If no source is found I propose its prompt removal from the list. Weebro55 (talk) 05:03, 14 June 2012 (UTC)

The lede has been bungled
Some well-meaning soul has added a bunch of (more or less un-formatted and) uncited information to the lead about English-ness. I would fix it myself, but I haven't the time. I think that the lede was more or less perfect before these changes. Anybody interested in restoring it? --TimothyDexter (talk) 22:41, 20 March 2012 (UTC)
 * Before 1707, there was no Britain, so English is actually correct. Best, Markvs88 (talk) 23:13, 20 March 2012 (UTC)

There most certainly was a Britain before 1707 and it is the same Britain now. Britain is the name of the island, not of any political group. 131.111.85.79 (talk) 13:49, 27 June 2012 (UTC)


 * No doubt about that! My main issue was and is that the information that was added was not sourced, and did not appear in the body of the article. --TimothyDexter (talk) 01:20, 21 March 2012 (UTC)

What states are in New England?
There's a text list, obviously but there isn't the one thing I most expected to find on this page - a map showing the various states clearly. The only map there is isn't labelled with state names, and colours them all the same! I hope this can be fixed 131.111.85.79 (talk) 13:52, 27 June 2012 (UTC)

Population
The Historical Population table seems to have an error in 1940. Consider: 1930, 8,166,341 people, 10.3% of USA's population 1940, 8,437,290 people, 3.3% of USA's population 1950, 9,314,453 people,	10.4% of USA's population Pre-1930 and post-1950, the population percentage is also near 10%. Since America didn't triple in population between 1940 and then 1/3 population by 1950, the 3.3% is almost certainly an error. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Stomv (talk • contribs) 13:05, 27 July 2012 (UTC)


 * Perhaps the table should be headed differently. The percentage represents the increase over the previous census. Student7 (talk) 15:01, 1 August 2012 (UTC)

Budget balancing
A New York Times citation explained the cuts Vermont (only) was discussing: "the planned cuts would ... scale back programs that help elderly people stay in their homes and avoid moving to nursing homes. On Friday, the Senate approved a budget plan that would ... raise taxes on health care providers."

This is for one state only.

These do not sound like "nice, easy" cuts.

I'm not sure what the final result was. Knowing Vermont, I'm sure that they eventually balanced their budget. I used the NY Times article as a source in justifying the statement that four of the top ten states in the union that were having trouble balancing their budgets, included Vermont. The article seems to justify that. Student7 (talk) 22:12, 10 November 2012 (UTC)

History
History between 1850 and 2000 is missing. -- Beland (talk) 01:12, 6 September 2012 (UTC)
 * Yes. The history section is already a little meandering (if exhaustive) and has been difficult to keep trimmed. I think that the section on the 19th century ("early United States") could be scaled back a bit to provide some space for the 20th and 21st centuries. Things that should be discussed include: deindustrialization in New England and resulting unemployment, the transition to a modern post-industrial economy (colloquially referred to as the Massachusetts Miracle), the growing importance of Greater Boston on surrounding states' economies (notable New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and southern coastal Maine), rising immigration from Latin America and Southeast Asia, and, of course, the slow shift from being a Republican stronghold to being a Democratic one as a result of the former's Southern Strategy. All of these points need proper sources, which will take some time. I'm open to suggestions, examples, and thoughts. --TimothyDexter (talk) 22:12, 17 December 2012 (UTC)
 * good ideas for recent history. But let's keep the old history too, for it's been well studied by man historians and the recent material is mostly journalism. I strongly recommend expanding the History of New England article. The history section here should be a brief summary and now it's full of very minor details on colonial era. Rjensen (talk) 23:14, 17 December 2012 (UTC)

Flag of New England
The flag that currently heads the small statistics box (white canton with a red st. George cross, and a blue field with six stars) is not a regional flag. It's was designed at the behest of a private citizen, in the 80's if I'm not mistaken. Needless to say it has absolutely no historical precedent and is certainly not the 'Flag of New England'. So far as I can tell, only the New England Governors' Conference (NEGC) uses this flag. There's a decent wiki article about the flags of New England, I suggest a more appropriate (not to mention historically accurate) flag be chosen. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.137.178.130 (talk) 15:44, 5 September 2013 (UTC)

Pronunciation
Would anyone object to changing the IPA pronunciation for the region's name back, so that it reflects the more common (in New England at least!) pronunciation of New as "nu" rather than "nju"? cf the IPA we give at the entry for New Hampshire. New England's dialects, like those in most parts of the U.S., tend toward yod-dropping after alveolars. I see that user 198 inserted the yod back at the beginning of the month, but it seems like a mistake to me. 206.208.105.129 (talk) 17:42, 16 September 2013 (UTC)
 * ✅ You're correct, "new" does not have a yod in the local pronunciation. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Weebro55 (talk • contribs) 03:54, September 28, 2013 (UTC)

Copyediting
Just letting everybody know that I'll be copy-editing the entire article today--so, expect some revisions! --TimothyDexter (talk) 19:54, 14 December 2013 (UTC)

Demographics section -- too big?
The section on the demographics of New England has become quite long/large. Not that it isn't chock-full of interesting information. Following what we did with the History of New England, I have created a separate article (Demographics of New England) and pasted the section into it. That way, I think that we can begin to trim down this section to the most relevant details while linking readers to the more in-depth article. If there are no objections, I'll proceed with slimming the section. --TimothyDexter (talk) 00:27, 15 December 2013 (UTC)

Accent
"The often-parodied" accent? Why is this the way it's introduced? It's actually, in certain places, often spoken. Why introduce an accent based on the way it is mocked? To me, this is not only not impartial, but absurd, unnecessary, and unhelpful in helping to explain and discuss this accent. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Tancrisism (talk • contribs) 06:32, 30 December 2013 (UTC)
 * It has to do with the fact that many people in other parts of the United States have an inferiority complex and do not understand the greatness that is New England. Such things happen when another area of the country lacks culture; they will mock those that do have culture because it makes them feel better about themselves. See bullying for more information. Tharthandorf Aquanashi (talk) 19:27, 1 November 2014 (UTC)

Critics about flag design
Our forefathers were blind and drunk to accept that random collage as a flag. :/ Ok, I respect it, keep it in museums, but come on... are we blind? Do you call that thing a flag? Seriously! no offence! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.129.189.37 (talk) 06:54, 10 May 2014 (UTC)
 * How dare you insult the flag of New England. It perfectly represents what New England is. Well, perhaps not the version used in the article, but one of its variants is no doubt more suitable. Tharthandorf Aquanashi (talk) 19:33, 1 November 2014 (UTC)

WikiProject New England?
Where the devil is WikiProject New England? There are WikiProjects for all of the parts of New England, but not for New England itself? This is a travesty if I've ever seen one! Tharthandorf Aquanashi (talk) 19:19, 1 November 2014 (UTC) BUMP

Where do I propose the creation of this WikiProject? It simply needs to exist! Tharthandorf Aquanashi (talk) 14:28, 23 November 2014 (UTC)

"Flag"
First, please do not make such significant changes to the lede, and then revert other editors' good-faith edits, without attempting to discuss those changes here. I can certainly understand the reasoning behind removing an historical flag from the infobox, but the fact that it is an historical flag doesn't seem to me to be a useful point. New England has never been in and of itself a political unit as a part of the United States, and yet it has several flags that are often used to represent it on a regional level, one of which is the red ensign/pine tree flag. This is not uncommon in other countries in which former regions are no longer politically meaningful but are nevertheless recognized as existing. Consider ancient counties as an example.

The flag is not meant to suggest that New England is a distinct political unit within the United States (although it is recognized as a clearly defined region on the federal level and has been for centuries), but rather to provide the reader with additional historical information. We might as well not mention the population of New England since 'New England' as such does not conduct its own census and its regional population is determined by adding together its constituent states'. We might as well also remove information about its geographical area, since that too is determined by state borders and nothing else. One might ask why there is an article about New England at all, since 'New England' according to some (extremely, even absurdly) rigid definitions has not existed since at least 1776.

Yet it seems obvious to me (and to most, I would add) that New England does exist, has a population, has an area, and yes, has an historical flag that serves as the foundation for various important regional representations. --TimothyDexter (talk) 14:24, 4 June 2014 (UTC)

Edit: As a possible compromise, allow me to suggest that we create a mosaic of historical flags so as to indicate that no one flag is the sole or actual flag of New England. --TimothyDexter (talk) 14:29, 4 June 2014 (UTC)

Can we change the flag in the lede to the more historically accurate "pine-tree" ensign, that is a red flag, white canton, and pine tree superimposed. While there's certainly some historical controversy over the color of the revolutionary flag, it's well documented that the English navy used a red ensign with the cross of st. george - New England mariners would have flown that precise flag or some variation of it. The current flag in the lede is commonly known as the "bunker hill flag", but today symbolizes either the neighborhood of Charlestown or the battle itself. It is most definitely not the flag of New England. If any flag is to be shown, it should be the one described above - this is well-attested historically, is the flag of Lincoln Country, ME, and even currently hangs in Logan Airport. Why does this blue flag keep popping up? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.71.135.43 (talk) 00:10, 13 March 2015 (UTC)
 * There is no reliable source provided the claim that this is the flag of New England. I've looked into it and it appears to be a fake-- It was not used by anyone in last two centuries And was never adopted approved or claimed to be representative of New England. Rjensen (talk) 07:21, 15 March 2015 (UTC)
 * It isn't a fake if it was used at some point. Seriously, man, I don't know what your beef is, but New England has had a great many flags, and we had ought to indicate that. Tharthandorf Aquanashi (talk) 13:27, 15 March 2015 (UTC)

Moasic?
The big, bold text repeating information from the main Flag of New England article seemed really out of place for an infobox by the lede. How about we have a mosaic of flags associated with the region? It seems like the interesting information to highlight is the history of flags that have at times been used to represent the region. In any case, I've changed the subtitle to be a link to Flag of New England. This way, people can read the article for more information, while the text does not suggest (inaccurately) that there is some particular or official "flag of New England." --TimothyDexter (talk) 23:52, 14 March 2015 (UTC)
 * You could do that, or you could leave it at the neutral one currently given. Either way, I take no issue with your choice. Tharthandorf Aquanashi (talk) 23:53, 14 March 2015 (UTC)
 * It's all the same to me, as well. For some reason, it (at least recently) seems to be a source of non-constructive (albeit well-intentioned) edits. --TimothyDexter (talk) 06:48, 15 March 2015 (UTC)
 * My beef is that is it a fake flag that was never used for New England. TimothyDexter provided three sources all of which said that the New England flag had a cross of St. George on it, which this flag does not have. Rjensen (talk) 22:15, 16 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Then put the one with St. George's cross back, it makes no difference to me. The link is to flags of New England, anyways. Regarding your claim on the red ensign flag, my hunch is that the cross, which represents England, would have been removed sometime during the American Revolution and likely preceding the War of Independence. It's not a "fake" flag, any more than any other might be, since the region never had an official flag as such. In all the flags of New England, there would seem to be some commonalities: (1) red (or rarely blue) ensign (representing the East India Company), (2) white field (often with the cross of St. George, representing England), and (3) the pine tree (always, representing Massachusetts). I don't think the cross is necessary, but if you think it is, I won't stop you from putting it there. It seems very trivial to me... --TimothyDexter (talk) 23:37, 16 March 2015 (UTC)
 * The red ensign with the St George's Cross is a good compromise then. Rjensen is right that "New England" has never existed as a unified political entity outside of the short-lived Dominion, but that doesn't preclude the fact that banners and ensigns have been used prior to the Revolution to distinguish Yankee merchants from those of other ports. The major issue when I commented was that the "blue flag" was displayed - which is completely wrong as a regional symbol. The red ensign (of the three variations) is less wrong if you will and if any flag is to be displayed it should be that one. I happen to like the one with st georges cross superimposed on the canton so I'm fully satisfied with what's there now. However, something should be there and it shouldn't be the blue flag nor the governors' council flag which is private and in no way represents the cultural region. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.71.135.43 (talk) 11:45, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

New England has a Border?
How can you claim that this so-called region has a border? This place does not exist, so how can it borders? Let's stop the idealism. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 23.24.74.10 (talk) 04:47, 26 June 2015 (UTC)

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Comparisons of New England's size other entities
Wikipedia has been so good lately that I haven't edited it years, and I sort of forgot the protocol. Anyway a few days ago I read that New England is slightly smaller than Great Britain, which I did not consider to be accurate, (since it is 80% of the size of Great Britain) so I changed it. Anyway now I'm noticing that there is a new edit making it say that it is larger than England. That is cool, and to my knowledge accurate I just didn't realize that people place an importance to compare it in size to something in the British Isles. So I thought maybe we could have a talk page about it. The new edit is quite accurate, but I wonder what the merit in comparing it in size to things is. I would say that it makes sense to me to clarify that New England is bigger than England since it takes its name and culture from there. But maybe we can tak about it too if that discussion is important. If it isn't then no one will talk about it. I don't know if I am missing something but it might be nice to talk about things. Scott Oglesby (talk) 19:50, 10 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't believe the page should compare the geographic sizes of either the UK or England. If someone wanted to know the size comparison they could simply look at the area of New England and do the math. It also appears Nova Scotia goes with out the size comparison to Scotland.Weebro55 (talk) 04:22, 12 December 2011 (UTC)
 * or New Brunswick to Brunswick (Braunschweig) 92.196.63.184 (talk) 22:07, 22 October 2016 (UTC)
 * New England from its very naming was in comparison with England--sizde issues matter very much and should be included. Rjensen (talk) 04:48, 12 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Yea it's not like it does any harm as long as the info is correctly sourced. Hot Stop talk-contribs 05:29, 12 December 2011 (UTC)


 * I confess that I did it, top of the head. A comparison to Great Britain, with a citation, makes more sense. "We" (I) shouldn't be the one making the comparison (deciding to make the comparison. Nor, alas, can we "vote". :)  That is WP:OR. I was just trying to come up with a comparison that "seemed" germane. Would be "nice" to have some means of comparison for non-North Americans, that makes sense. Student7 (talk) 23:45, 13 December 2011 (UTC)
 * It's not OR to look at the numbers and say which is bigger. Hot Stop talk-contribs 00:45, 14 December 2011 (UTC)

Changes to the last sentence of the lede
An editor is insisting upon removing the second part of the last sentence of the lede because it "seems" like original research: "...although the terms of this identity are often contrasted, combining Puritanism with liberalism, agrarian life with industry, and isolation with immigration." This clause seems to me to be a pretty clear summary of how New England cultural history is described in the body of the article, in particular (but not only) the section on culture. The article describes the cultural roots of the region's early Puritan settlers; it also describes the shifting changes in politics and economics away from Puritan conservatism and towards social and economic (classical) liberalism as well as progressivism. It describes the rather clean distinction between urban and industrial eastern and southern New England and rural western and northern New England; in the history section, the region's transition from a mainly agrarian and maritime economy towards an industrial and post-industrial economy is made abundantly clear. Finally, the region's geographic and political isolation is referenced many times in the body of the article, along with the waves of immigration from nearly every other continent on Earth. These are all contrasting ideas and terms, and the article makes it clear to any reader, I would think, that these contradictions form a part of a culture that is nevertheless distinct from other regions in the United States, which have their own contradictions that nevertheless form their own general contours.

I'd like to invite discussion here of how to improve this clause, if necessary. It seems obvious to me that removing it from the lead (and especially leaving the "strong sense of cultural identity" part in the first clause) creates an imbalanced and biased picture of a "unified" New England culture. --TimothyDexter (talk) 15:53, 23 September 2017 (UTC)


 * I don't object to the inclusion of the information per seundefined, but I fail to see anywhere in the article that specifically states that New Englander culture is a fusion of these disparate elements. It reads more like a conclusion an editor reached on his or her own after reading the article, which constitutes original research. You can see how somebody unfamiliar with the region (particularly non-Americans such as myself) would be confused, particularly as a proper citation is provided for the first half of that sentence but not the second.


 * The argument has also been made that citations are not necessary for the lede, in which case I would question why the other footnotes are there in the first place. Thanks, -- Katan gais (talk) 16:05, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * If your issue is with the suggestion that this constitutes a "fusion," then I recommend that "although the terms of this identity are often contrasted, combining" be changed to "although the terms of this identity contrast." Then the reader can decide whether or not this constitutes a fusion of contrasting terms. That being said, I feel that the fusion logically follows from the identity; if there is a New England culture, and if this culture includes contrasting notions, then it follows that the culture constitutes the combination of these contrasting notions, whether they are "fused" or not (and the article does not suggest that they are--there are indeed points of conflict). I also have no qualms with any editor attempting to better the lede by providing more concise or accurate summaries of the article. That is an editorial decision and does not in any way constitute original research, in my view. The fact that there are other citations in the lede does not mean to me that every statement requires a citation; in fact, I would be fine if the sentence on the Salem witch trials were removed, since they aren't mentioned again the body of the article (although that seems to me to be more a weakness in the article than the lede, since it was an important historical event for the region that had a lasting impact). --TimothyDexter (talk) 16:17, 23 September 2017 (UTC)


 * The point of disagreement here appears to lie in the fact that I consider editor summarisations as original research if they lack footnotes to back up that editor's conclusions, either in the lede or elsewhere in the article (I don't object to having uncited statements in the lede if they are included elsewhere with a citation; see for example Paul Kruger). I would hasten to add that if this impression of cultural elements is adequately conveyed by the article, there's no need to tell the readers that. Let the facts speak for themselves.


 * I hope you can see why from my perspective the fragment in question needs to be sourced or removed.


 * Your perspective, on the other hand (and correct me if I'm wrong), is that editor summarisations don't need to be cited at all, do not constitute original research, and indeed should be consistently encouraged.


 * I propose that rather than alter the wording we retain the summarisation as is, but add a cited reference. If the assertion that "...although the terms of this identity are often contrasted, combining Puritanism with liberalism, agrarian life with industry, and isolation with immigration" is readily apparent, then locating a source to back it up should be rather straightforward. This way, the summarisation stays up, but is also adequately cited and consistent with the first half of the sentence. -- Katan gais (talk) 16:42, 23 September 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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Paragraph skips a century
The article states: "After the Glorious Revolution in 1689, Bostonians overthrew royal governor Sir Edmund Andros. They seized dominion officials and adherents to the Church of England during a popular and bloodless uprising.[41] These tensions eventually culminated in the American Revolution, boiling over with the outbreak of the War of American Independence in 1775."

Just a minute - there is nearly a century beteen these two events. Is the paragraph over-simplifying? If not, some additional explanation is needed. 86.158.154.70 (talk) 09:41, 25 January 2018 (UTC)

External links modified (February 2018)
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Geographic diversity, size, and population density
Several statements in this article seem to be not very factual, or not from a neutral point of view: Maybe from a US point of view these statements make sense somehow, but looking at the numbers they seem incorrect to me. --ErwinFCG (talk) 13:22, 17 July 2018 (UTC)
 * 1) In the introduction: "The physical geography of New England is diverse for such a small area." This 'diversity' is illustrated by mentioning coastal plains and hills/peaks, I wouldn't say that sounds very diverse. Also "such a small area" seems strange when referring to an area that is larger than more than half of the world's countries. For example, is New England more diverse than a much smaller area such as Greece?
 * 2) Economy: "Several factors combine to make the New England economy unique" and two sentences further "The U.S. Department of Commerce has called the New England economy a microcosm for the entire U.S. economy". If it is a microcosm of the entire US economy, I would think it is the opposite of unique (rather very average).
 * 3) Economy: "and it is a relatively small region but densely populated." The population density is 79/km2, which is fairly low. It is slightly higher than the US and world averages, but lower than 20 US states and 137 countries.

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Tax burden / cost of living
Markvs88 added a sentence saying that four New England States "topped the national average in terms of taxes paid per taxpayer, making them the most expensive to live in." I revised that to "were among the top ten states in terms of taxes paid per taxpayer," for two reasons: One, "topped the average" sounds like it means #1, and these states are between #3 and #7, outranked by other, non–New England states. And two, "highest tax burden" doesn't necessarily mean most expensive to live in; cost of living includes cost of housing, food, transportation, etc., and a place can be expensive to live in even with lower taxes if those other expenses are high. I have no idea whether or not New England states are the "most expensive to live in", but the claim is not supported by the source cited. Markvs88, I don't think the revert is warranted. AJD (talk) 19:45, 4 November 2018 (UTC)


 * Hello AJD. I wish to thank you for taking this to talk. As to your points... I disagree for these reasons.
 * Being #3-#7 most certainly is topping the national average, which would be #20-30 and is particularly relevant because four of the six states are all in the top 10. It would be very difficult to have four states tie, especially at #1, but the point is that the region is on the whole "taxier" than the other areas. The only other region of the country that comes close is the (notably NE bordering) Mid-Atlantic, but it has only two states in the top 10.
 * The highest tax burden is actually how one determines how expensive a state is to live in vs. another state. Suppose a CT resident makes $50,000 a year. They're paying $5,095 of that (10.19%) to Connecticut. That leaves them less money than their friend in Virginia, who only paid (7.77%) $3,885. So at a $1,210 premium, Connecticut is a more expensive place to live than Virginia. Remember, we're talking about total tax liability, which includes those on housing, food, transportation, etc. This is of course not to say that it is cheaper to live in Palm Springs than Bridgeport. But it IS slightly cheaper on average to live in CA than CT.
 * There are other lists out there like CNBC's that bear this out, though their method is not strictly tax-based and is more in line with what you're saying... but please note the duplicate states on that list. Best, Markvs88 (talk) 20:27, 4 November 2018 (UTC)


 * Oh, I see, I was interpreting "topped the national average" as meaning 'had the highest average in the nation', not 'were higher than the nation's overall average'. I think it could probably still be rephrased to make it clearer. (And, if what is meant is just 'higher than average', Massachusetts should be listed too: it's not in the top 10 like Maine, Vermont, Connecticut, and Rhode Island are, but it is above the national average.)


 * The tax liability isn't the only component of how much it costs to live somewhere! When I referred to the expenses associated with housing, food, and transportation, I wasn't talking about the tax liability on housing, food, and transportation, as you imply in your third paragraph (in the sentence with the boldface "includes"). I was talking about the actual cost of purchasing those things. The cost of taxes isn't the only expense of living somewhere.


 * The CNBC list you post supports my point, not yours: the most expensive states to live in aren't the same ones as the ones with the highest tax burden—though of course there is some overlap. Oregon and Massachusetts are in the top 10 most expensive states to live in despite note having top-ten highest tax burdens, presumably because housing is so expensive there. Alaska is in the top 10 most expensive to live in even though it has the lowest tax burden. Tax burden and the cost of living somewhere are not the same thing. AJD (talk) 01:00, 5 November 2018 (UTC)


 * I've restored AJD's language. "Topped the national average" is simply too vague and easily misread. Likewise, there is no need to add interpretation about overall expensiveness when the data as published tells the story perfectly well. --Ken Gallager (talk) 19:30, 5 November 2018 (UTC)


 * I'm glad we bothered laying out a discussion for you to come along and decide the issue there, Ken. You doing that was exceedingly helpful. Markvs88 (talk) 03:22, 6 November 2018 (UTC)


 * So hearing the same argument from two unconnected people doesn't help? --Ken Gallager (talk) 13:35, 6 November 2018 (UTC)


 * Ken - talking is talking. Reverting while the point while it is being civilly discussed is just a gateway to edit warring. You're a good editor with a long history on the 'pedia. I was surprised that you did this. Markvs88 (talk) 02:23, 7 November 2018 (UTC)


 * We do appreciate your addition of the data. No one is contesting that part. Just allow others to improve the wording as needed so that it is described accurately. Thanks, --Ken Gallager (talk) 13:41, 7 November 2018 (UTC)


 * Thanks, and we likewise forgive your transgression of wp:dbo. Because discussing wording is one thing, but you telling me that mine is inaccurate while unilaterally reverting it during a discussion is going on is obnoxious, Ken. I mean you no ill will, but... jeez. In any event, I'm done contesting the point, as I see that there's no point in continuing. Markvs88 (talk) 04:49, 8 November 2018 (UTC)


 * "Topped" is an imprecise and vague verb and could easily cause confusion. The present wording is accurate and precise and should be retained. —Dilidor (talk) 17:33, 6 November 2018 (UTC)

False Article. Connecticut is in the New York City Region - not the Boston Region.
This article is full of it. It attempts to give the unsuspecting reader the impression that "New England" is some homogeneous, cohesive, private sector of the US that shares a common culture, market, way of life and is centered around Boston. This cannot be further from the truth! I can only speak for CT, which is in metro New York City! We have ZERO to do with Boston as Boston is way too far away for us to be concerned about. We can reach the Bronx in about 10 minutes and Times square (depending on how you go) in no more than 25 minutes. For Boston? Try about 3 HOURS!

Boston sports teams are out of market teams to ALL of CT and Boston media is not our. Contrast that with NYC and NJ TV stations being LOCAL to CT, then you can get a better idea of why we are not concerned with Boston. In fact, I and sick and tired of Boston and it's states in it's surround region always trying it's best to make sure to include CT - we are no where near you and we are happy we are in metro NYC. Boston is small and far away - who cares? CT and so-called New England is just a name, CT is in in a true region which is NYC. I go to NYC everyday, while it would take much gas, time and tolls to get to Boston. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 32.211.201.227 (talk) 01:06, 27 July 2016 (UTC)


 * You must not have read Talk:New England/definition FAQs. --Ken Gallager (talk) 12:16, 27 July 2016 (UTC)
 * New England is a mostly homogenous, cohesive, distinct part of the US that shares a common culture and way of life deriving from centuries of history. A small part of Connecticut is indeed in the NYC metro area, but that's only one part of one of the six states of New England. Also, many of your statements are not accurate. There are many people living in Connecticut, including its capital of Hartford, but also New Haven and many other cities and towns, who watch Boston sports and root for Boston teams all year long. You are projecting your very limited experience of Connecticut onto the rest of the state. --TimothyDexter (talk) 17:54, 28 July 2016 (UTC)
 * It is possible for a state to fall in more than one category. Thus Connecticut is part of the NY/NJ/CT Tri-State Area but is also the southernmost state in New England. Incidentally it's misleading to say only a small part of CT is in the NYC metro area; while that may be true geographically, the majority of the state's population live there.--Pawnkingthree (talk) 15:42, 16 November 2016 (UTC)
 * I always thought of the Tri-State area in the NY/NJ/CT sense as referring to NYC and suburbs. I don't think New Yorkers have Hartford in mind. Stamford and to a very great extent New Haven, yes. --TimothyDexter (talk) 04:46, 17 November 2016 (UTC)

This is an old fight that geographers have had for years. Connecticut, for the most part, has a different climate, culture, and even landscape than real New England. This is obvious to anyone who travels southward from Maine down through Connecticut. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:188:180:4D86:D439:C624:127D:3305 (talk) 13:27, 28 September 2019 (UTC)


 * That sounds like an evaluation based on personal impressions. Once again, please read the FAQs and follow the sources given. --Ken Gallager (talk) 15:41, 1 October 2019 (UTC)

There are two fundamental misunderstandings at work here. First, "region" is a very specific word as used by the census; New England is a region, but Boston and New York are not. Second, the name New England is historical, not geographical. The original colonies in the region were English, whereas the original New York colony was Dutch. Thus, New York was not part of New England, but CT through ME were (by late 1700s). The term has nothing to do with geography, climate, culture, or your favorite sports teams. —Dilidor (talk) 15:28, 2 October 2019 (UTC)

Connecticut?
Many people do not consider Connecticut to be a part of "true" New England. I am uncertain, myself, but am a bit concerned as to how to proceed, vis-a-vis the Wiki entry and its integrity. Thoughts? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.79.175.34 (talk) 15:56, 3 May 2013 (UTC)
 * See /definition FAQs. --Polaron | Talk 17:09, 3 May 2013 (UTC)
 * I'm developing a survey about regional definitions right now that will, among other things, produce statistics on the inclusion of New York and (western) Connecticut in "New England", partially driven by the significant disparity between the consensus on wikipedia and the use of the term in America at large. It will be months or years before it's got enough data for me to publish, but once I do then I'll have a source to cite in this argument.Sparr (talk) 00:51, 24 July 2013 (UTC)

CT is in the NYC region, later for New England. They are too far away. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 23.24.74.10 (talk) 04:59, 26 June 2015 (UTC)


 * Huh? CT borders MA.  The only thing that currently makes sense is the current colloquial dual membership of CT in both "New England" and "Tri-State".𝓦𝓲𝓴𝓲𝓹𝓮𝓭𝓲𝓪𝓘𝓼𝓝𝓸𝓽𝓟𝓮𝓮𝓻𝓡𝓮𝓿𝓲𝓮𝔀𝓮𝓭-𝓟𝓮𝓮𝓻𝓡𝓮𝓿𝓲𝓮𝔀𝓮𝓭𝓜𝓮𝓪𝓷𝓼𝓡𝓮𝓿𝓲𝓮𝔀𝓮𝓭𝓑𝔂𝓟𝓮𝓮𝓻𝓼𝓞𝓷𝓵𝔂 (talk) 13:25, 28 October 2019 (UTC)

Is New York east of the Hudson part of New England?
I have heard that the part of New York east of the Hudson River excluding NYC is part of New England is that true or not true? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.169.163.125 (talk) 10:46, 14 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Not true. Unless you overheard a geologist? --Ken Gallager (talk) 13:38, 14 November 2019 (UTC)

Lacking in historical standards
This page is lacking in all historical standards as currently written. Prior to the Declaration of Independence from the British Crown, each of the original 13 colonies were collectively referred to as New England as their place designation in the British Empire. The place names themselves retain such references & perhaps cause the confusion. Several older 18th century sources in the British Library discuss an overlap in Acadia with New Holland & New England that suggest the historical accuracy of this entire page to be quite lacking & that it only currently reflects a colloquial, or local folkloric demarcation of what those self-identifying as New Englanders today claim for themselves as New England without regard to where such name and identity originated as if the Declaration of Independence did not null & void such a place just as the civil war voided a precise demarcation of Dixieland or a confederate USA without a settled northern, nor ever having had a properly defined western border. As I am away from the British Library & the archives at the library of Congress, might anyone have access to historical sources readily available to answer this topic? As most of present day Maine was Acadia at the time “New England” became a designation, and most of the so-called Upstate of New York (Excluding Manhattan & Long Island which were New Amsterdam & New Holland) included as was New Jersey (hence the name!), etc. When did what is currently being authoritatively discussed as the present day colloquial understanding of the boundaries of New England become decided? Is there a charter? This is all exceedingly un-officiated & therefore opinion-based masqueraded as fact = fake news. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 52.119.116.170 (talk) 19:56, 12 February 2020 (UTC)


 * If you can find a reputable source (and cite it) regarding "New England" as a name for all 13 colonies, please do add it to the appropriate section. The historical New England that included the New York and New Jersey colonies is treated prominently in the "Dominion of New England" section of this article, and even more extensively in the Dominion of New England article which is linked from that section. You may also be interested in the History of New England article, linked from the "History" section of this article.


 * The reason this article deals predominantly with the six furthest northeastern states, using their present-day boundaries, is not because of some "folkloric" or "colloquial" or "opinion-based" claim, but precisely because the only place where the American region of New England is officially "authoritatively" defined by a government -- in the U.S. Census Bureau's division of the country into nine census divisions -- there is a New England division that is defined as coterminous with present-day Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont. It's all there in the article. ``` t b w i l l i e ` $1.25 ` 05:45, 27 July 2020 (UTC)

"New England leads the U.S. in ice cream consumption per capita." should be under "cuisine", not "social activities and music"
"New England leads the U.S. in ice cream consumption per capita." should be under "cuisine", not "social activities and music". I think that's obvious. The reason I'm not changing it myself is I'm not sure where under "cuisine" it fits best. Is this fact even relevant to New England culture? Perhaps it ought be removed outright. Thoughts? CampWood (talk) 02:13, 30 August 2020 (UTC)

Narrative
Overall, this article is very well done. From an inclusivity standpoint, I feel as though the "History" section advances a Eurocentric perspective. The Lead for the History section fails to create any narrative of Native American inhabitants, and it says they "inhabited New Hampshire, New York, and Vermont [...]." However, modern states were not formed until after colonial arrival. I think including the phrase "present-day" will rectify this issue. Similarly, in the "Colonial Period" section, Native American encounters are completely erased, and words like "settler" and "settlement" perpetuate the stereotype of Indigenous people being "unsettled." What does everyone think about me inserting the phrase "present-day," adding a few sentences regarding Native American interactions with colonists under the "Colonial History" section, and substituting words in place of "settlers" and "settlement?" --Katey.P (talk) 21:50, 11 September 2020 (UTC)

New York
Why isn't the state of New York mentioned as part of New England? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.218.125.204 (talk) 20:47, 17 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Because New York is not in New England. --TimothyDexter (talk) 01:42, 18 January 2014 (UTC)

Which is strange, since when I was in grade school in the 70's in Massachusetts we were taught that New York is a part of New England. Looneybunny (talk) 16:00, 19 October 2020 (UTC)

"to visit the talk page and make a case for why this material should be included in this article" (New England)
Why shouldnt material on John Hull, the pine tree shilling and first Treasurer of Mass Bay Colony be here? Historical fact, Boston is in NE and the mint is a bit of excitement in a otherwise dreary page.Theonomad (talk) 19:16, 25 October 2020 (UTC)


 * And get that pic Brother Jonathan off. Never heard of himTheonomad (talk) 16:19, 26 October 2020 (UTC)

Suffolk County, New York
I think that Suffolk County should show up on the map of delineated New England, albeit in a different color from the six principal states, denoting its disputed status as possibly also a part of New England (despite also being a part of the State of New York). Culturally, historically, ethnographically, geographically...it all adds up. And I didn't concoct the idea myself (in which case it could be easily dismissed as a personal quirk), but rather have picked it up from others who also adhere to this view. I'm tempted to say it's a widely held view amongst geography nerds...but I'm not certain those erstwhile gentlemen wish to have me as their spokesman.

Your Welcome. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:8801:9D20:CE00:3837:57DA:A703:8D37 (talk) 18:08, 4 March 2021 (UTC)

Infobox photos
In my opinion, the photos in the infobox should include at least one photo from every state. Right now, the photos include: 3 from Massachusetts, 1 from Maine, 1 from New Hampshire, 1 from Vermont, 1 from Rhode Island, and none from Connecticut. As such, I think one of the Massachusetts photos should be replaced with a Connecticut photo to achieve a more equitable distribution. I suggest one of these photos: What do other editors think, and if we remove one of the Massachusetts photos, which one should be removed? Trainsandotherthings (talk) 16:38, 29 November 2021 (UTC)
 * You could replace the Connecticut River photo from Massachusetts with the river photo from Gillette Castle. We already have two city skylines, so I wouldn't want to add another. Thanks, --Ken Gallager (talk) 13:29, 30 November 2021 (UTC)
 * I've gone ahead and replaced the Connecticut River Valley photo with the photo taken from Gillette Castle. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 15:14, 30 November 2021 (UTC)
 * User:Filetime Reverted my change without explanation. I don't understand what was objectionable about my edit. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 22:42, 30 November 2021 (UTC)
 * The image of the Connecticut River is oversaturated, not very well composed, and the incorrect aspect ratio. I'm not opposed to changing an image to one of CT, but this photograph isn't great. Filetime (talk) 22:49, 30 November 2021 (UTC)
 * Here's another aerial photo of the Connecticut River Filetime (talk) 23:03, 30 November 2021 (UTC)


 * Okay, how about one of these images? I tested all of them and they fit properly with the aspect ratio. (Feel free to delete the rejected ones from the talk page in the interest of space) Trainsandotherthings (talk) 23:08, 30 November 2021 (UTC)Putnam Connecticut.jpgAutumn at Roseland Park, Woodstock Connecticut.jpgWaterbury Companies - Waterbury, Connecticut.jpgTalcott Mountain-9172007.jpg


 * I vote for the Putnam one. It's well-composed and place-specific. --Ken Gallager (talk) 13:27, 1 December 2021 (UTC)
 * The Putman photo is small, low quality, and lacks a clear focus. Filetime (talk) 14:51, 1 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Well, which of the photos do you think are sufficient quality? Or if none of them, do you have any other suggestions instead? Trainsandotherthings (talk) 14:55, 1 December 2021 (UTC)
 * I suggested File:Connecticut River from the Air.jpg.Filetime (talk) 15:25, 1 December 2021 (UTC)
 * I'm leaning towards the photo of Mystic, CT. It shows a good example of an old fashioned New England town, something not really shown in the montage at present. Alternatively, I like the image with the fog and the aerial view of the Connecticut River. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 18:47, 1 December 2021 (UTC)

Changes in the region's surface area
Hi there everyone.

Just wanted to let everyone know that I've made a couple of changes to the New Englander area number. The number was wrong by 11 km², and the US Census Bureau reflects the lesser amount of area. If my edit is wrong, please let me know. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 181.120.134.62 (talk) 20:45, 3 February 2022 (UTC)


 * It does add up. I fixed the presentation, since you used a decimal point rather than a comma to indicate thousands. --Ken Gallager (talk) 13:47, 4 February 2022 (UTC)

Ancestry demographics
Someone combined the figures for English and American ancestry to form one category despite that the source lists them as two separate categories. This is original research. Jonathan f1 (talk) 06:31, 29 December 2022 (UTC)

Original research on regional definition
I know that original research will never convince the editors here, so we're still a long way from getting any acknowledgement of this in the article. That said, I thought this would be worth sharing, possibly to inspire others to find or motivate other sources, possibly just so people visiting the Talk page to ask about this will feel less alienated by all the denial.

This is part of the results of survey asking people to draw outlines of various US regions (which I mentioned in a much older archived talk topic as well).

http://regionaldifferences.com/results.html?region=New%20England

Of the 767 people who drew an outline of New England, approximately 20-30% included New York, ~20% New Jersey, ~15% Delaware, 10-15% Pennsylvania, 10-15% Maryland, and 2-5% Virginia.

Also, 10-15% excluded some or all of Maine, 5-15% excluded some or all of Connecticut, and 5% excluded Vermont and New Hampshire.

For comparison, here are the results for a few other notable regions: http://regionaldifferences.com/results.html?region=South http://regionaldifferences.com/results.html?region=Midwest

Sparr (talk) 21:06, 13 January 2023 (UTC)


 * New England is the single most clearly defined U.S. region there is. The best you can give to say otherwise is a survey? You know lots of Americans don't know a single thing about geography, right? Trainsandotherthings (talk) 21:31, 13 January 2023 (UTC)
 * I decline to rehash arguments that have been had repeatedly in the archives of this talk page, and would ask that you refrain from doing so as well. My post here is new information, and I'd appreciate the same in response. Sparr (talk) 22:33, 13 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Nope, you don't get to play that card, when you're the one who's actually rehashing this "argument". I don't take you seriously at all because you're making an absurd claim, and I am rightly calling you out on it. I am kind of impressed at your dedication over an entire decade to persistently being wrong on this topic, but you are still wrong. You have no way to invalidate the literally tens of thousands of sources (and that's probably an underestimate) out there which all agree on the states included in New England. You're pushing a POV that will never gain acceptance because you will never be able to produce actual reliable sources in the very high number needed to counter the overwhelming truth that New England consists of Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. Please find something productive to do instead, there's many articles in need of attention. Sincerely, someone who has lived almost his entire life in New England. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 00:00, 14 January 2023 (UTC)
 * I grew up surrounded by people who were *violently* confident that their definition of "the South" was the one true definition, and everyone else was wrong or misinformed. Y'alls fervor about New England is more cute than problematic.
 * I'm not trying to "invalidate" any of those sources. The name means different things to different people. Your definition is no more or less valid than the one a different million people use. Denying that those people and their dialect and definitions and usages exist, THAT is what I'm trying to invalidate. Sparr (talk) 01:48, 14 January 2023 (UTC)
 * What's valid is the definition in reliable sources, which reject your viewpoint. But sure, argue about semantics all you like. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 02:10, 14 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Yikes. You felt it so necessary to radically alter the definition of New England but somehow did not remove the (widely citable) line “Boston is the largest city in New England.” (I saw the link to the survey and thought “oh lord someone is using Sparr’s survey to back up this nonsense…”) 108.34.143.129 (talk) 03:21, 6 May 2023 (UTC)

HiBid Auctions
https://newengland.hibid.com/ includes at least New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland as part of "New England". Sparr (talk) 23:31, 24 June 2023 (UTC)


 * Beating a dead horse. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 00:35, 26 June 2023 (UTC)

Original Research
Some IP went into the demographic section and combined the numbers for "English" and "American" into one ancestry group without any proper citation. There is no source that combines these numbers into one coherent category. While it may be true that a number of people who select "American" ancestry have predominately English backgrounds (and this is more so the case in the Deep South), there are also Americans with mixed or vague backgrounds who select this ancestry, and a number of African-Americans also self-identify as "American" on the census (see here). So you cannot add these numbers together -you're grouping people who don't have the same ancestries or even the same race. Jonathan f1 (talk) 04:06, 14 July 2023 (UTC)