Talk:Non-tariff barriers to trade/Archives/2018

Recommended Improvements for this Article
-Expand the leader -List of countries with trade barriers due to tariffs. -Expand the section regarding "Addressing Non Tariff Barriers." -Organize bibliography (I like that these are already organized in list format) but they need corresponding page references -"Examples of Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade" and "Types of Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade" should be in prose format permanently, looks good that way -@MCoidakis

Types of Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade
''I deleted this list since it seemed to me to be just a repeat of the material which is now in text. But I've copied it here as a checklist in case anything remains to be done.''


 * 1) Specific Limitations on Trade:
 * 2) Import Licensing requirements
 * 3) Proportion restrictions of foreign domestic goods (local content requirements)
 * 4) Minimum import price limits
 * 5) Fees
 * 6) Embargoes
 * 7) Customs and Administrative Entry Procedures:
 * 8) Valuation systems
 * 9) Anti-dumping practices other than punitive tariffs
 * 10) Tariff classifications
 * 11) Documentation requirements
 * 12) Fees
 * 13) Standards:
 * 14) Standard disparities
 * 15) Sanitary and phytosanitary measures
 * 16) Intergovernmental acceptances of testing methods and standards
 * 17) Packaging, labeling, and marking
 * 18) Government Participation in Trade:
 * 19) Government procurement policies
 * 20) Export subsidies
 * 21) Countervailing duties
 * 22) Domestic assistance programs
 * 23) Charges on imports:
 * 24) Prior import deposit subsidies
 * 25) Administrative fees
 * 26) Special supplementary duties
 * 27) Import credit discrimination
 * 28) Variable levies
 * 29) Border taxes
 * 30) Others:
 * 31) Voluntary export restraints
 * 32) Orderly marketing agreements

Examples of Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade
''Another list moved out of the article space, that seems to repeat material in text. Copied here as a useful checklist in case more text needs writing.''

Non-tariff barriers to trade can be the following:
 * Export restrictions
 * General or product-specific quotas
 * Rules of Origin
 * Quality conditions imposed by the importing country on the exporting countries
 * Sanitary and phytosanitary conditions
 * Packaging conditions
 * Labeling conditions
 * Product standards
 * CIncompatible conventions for contracts
 * Determination of eligibility of an exporting country by the importing country
 * Determination of eligibility of an exporting establishment (firm, company) by the importing country.
 * Additional trade documents like Certificate of Origin, Certificate of Authenticity etc.
 * Occupational safety and health regulation
 * Employment law
 * Import licenses
 * State subsidies, procurement, trading, state ownership
 * Export subsidies
 * Minimum import pricing
 * Differences of Product classification
 * Quota shares
 * Foreign exchange market controls and multiplicity
 * Inadequate infrastructure
 * "Buy national" policy
 * Over-valued or under-valued currency.
 * Intellectual property laws (patents, copyrights); differences of view on applicability of patents (for example, DNA, software) or longevity of copyrights.
 * Restrictive licenses
 * Seasonal import regimes
 * Corrupt and/or lengthy customs procedures
 * Protected designation of origin, protected names (for example, Champagne)