Talk:Palynivore

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 27 August 2018 and 7 December 2018. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Kate0123, RAsfour97, Nathaniel H2468. Peer reviewers: Crhelm, ChesneyWard, Leaonna, Als136.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 06:03, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Untitled
Surely palynophage text or pollenivore. palyno- is neo-Greek, if you will, according to Palynology, and so should not be used on a compound word with the Latin vore. --138.251.179.17 14:15, 7 April 2007 (UTC)

Potential References
Here is a list of references that I and three others, User:RAsfour97, User:Nathaniel H2468, and User:Mattextract, have compiled to possibly use in writing this article.

- Kate0123 (talk) 03:12, 4 October 2018 (UTC)
 * 1) Labandeira, C.C. (2000). “The Paleobiology of Pollination and Its Precursors.” Paleontological Society Papers, 6: 233-269. https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/5961/Paleont_Soc_Papers_2000.pdf.
 * 2) McCormick, S. (Nov. 2013). “Pollen.” Current Biology, 23(22): R988-90. doi:10.1016/J.CUB.2013.08.016.
 * 3) Cembrowski, A. R., et al. (Aug. 2015). “Sporadic Pollen Consumption Among Tropical Ants.” Insects Sociaux, 62(3): 379-82. doi:10.1007/s00040-015-0402-x.
 * 4) Szolderits, M. J., Crailsheim, K. (1993). “A Comparison of Pollen Consumption and Digestion in Honeybee (Apis mellifera carnica) Drones and Workers.” Journal of Insect Physiology, 39(10): 877-881. doi:10.1016/0022-1910(93)90120-g
 * 5) Krassilov, V.A., Rasnitsyn A.P., Afonin S.A.. (Apr. 2007) “Pollen eaters and pollen morphology: co-evolution through the Permian and Mesozoic.” African Invertebrates, 48(1): 3-11.
 * 6) (Jul. 2016). “Picky eaters: Bumble bees prefer plants with nutrient-rich pollen.” NewsRX Health & Science: 193.
 * 7) Thorp, R. (1979). “Structural, Behavioral, and Physiological Adaptations of Bees (Apoidea) for Collecting Pollen”. JSTOR. Vol. 66, No.4: 788-812 https://www.jstor.org/stable/2398919?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
 * 8) Potts, S. (June. 2010). “Global Pollinator Declines: Trends, Impacts, and Drivers”. Cell Press. Vol 25, Issue 6: 345-353. https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0169534710000364/1-s2.0-S0169534710000364-main.pdf?_tid=d4a5c260-bfa4-4f3f-919b-065d427b8e89&acdnat=1538615500_2b2e1b3e5f3c815a96e8bbc1a1b1e7b9
 * 9) Baroni, C. (April. 1997). “Pollen Eating, Storing, and Spitting by Ants”. Springer-Verlag. Naturwissenschaften 84: 256–258. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s001140050392.pdf
 * 1) (Jul. 2016). “Picky eaters: Bumble bees prefer plants with nutrient-rich pollen.” NewsRX Health & Science: 193.
 * 2) Thorp, R. (1979). “Structural, Behavioral, and Physiological Adaptations of Bees (Apoidea) for Collecting Pollen”. JSTOR. Vol. 66, No.4: 788-812 https://www.jstor.org/stable/2398919?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
 * 3) Potts, S. (June. 2010). “Global Pollinator Declines: Trends, Impacts, and Drivers”. Cell Press. Vol 25, Issue 6: 345-353. https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0169534710000364/1-s2.0-S0169534710000364-main.pdf?_tid=d4a5c260-bfa4-4f3f-919b-065d427b8e89&acdnat=1538615500_2b2e1b3e5f3c815a96e8bbc1a1b1e7b9
 * 4) Baroni, C. (April. 1997). “Pollen Eating, Storing, and Spitting by Ants”. Springer-Verlag. Naturwissenschaften 84: 256–258. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s001140050392.pdf
 * 1) Potts, S. (June. 2010). “Global Pollinator Declines: Trends, Impacts, and Drivers”. Cell Press. Vol 25, Issue 6: 345-353. https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0169534710000364/1-s2.0-S0169534710000364-main.pdf?_tid=d4a5c260-bfa4-4f3f-919b-065d427b8e89&acdnat=1538615500_2b2e1b3e5f3c815a96e8bbc1a1b1e7b9
 * 2) Baroni, C. (April. 1997). “Pollen Eating, Storing, and Spitting by Ants”. Springer-Verlag. Naturwissenschaften 84: 256–258. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s001140050392.pdf
 * 1) Baroni, C. (April. 1997). “Pollen Eating, Storing, and Spitting by Ants”. Springer-Verlag. Naturwissenschaften 84: 256–258. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s001140050392.pdf
 * 1) Baroni, C. (April. 1997). “Pollen Eating, Storing, and Spitting by Ants”. Springer-Verlag. Naturwissenschaften 84: 256–258. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s001140050392.pdf

Introduction
We will expand the introduction by modeling it after the carnivore wikipedia page. This means we will include the IPA spelling of palynivore, describing the term’s etymology, and providing sources for the examples of palynivores (currently, only the orb-weaving spider is sourced). Most the current introduction will be kept the same, but might be divided into paragraphs to increase clarity and flow of the article as this new information is included.

One such example of new information we will include is the relationship between pollinators and palynivores. Additionally, in the current page it states that “The list [of Palynivores] is expanded greatly if one takes into consideration species where either the larval or adult stage feeds on pollen, but not both”. We will provide an example of such a species, Apis mellifera carnica, which only consumes pollen in its first few days of life. Then we will provide a more comprehensive list of species that are palynivores.

Understanding Pollen
This section will discuss the structure and definition of pollen. Additionally, we will discuss the co-evolution of pollen and palynivores over time. Understanding the morphology of the food source will help set the reader up for understanding the various adaptations of palynivores, which is the next section.

Adaptations of Palynivores
In this section, will provide details on specific examples of palynivores, going more in-depth than the introduction. The examples given will be in the following subsections.

Ants:
We will briefly introduce ants as a species and then describe how their morphology and behavior, i.e. their specific adaptations, revolve around harvesting, transporting, and consuming pollen. We will also discuss how their behavior in consuming pollen affects pollen producers and other consumers.

Bees:
As a second subsection, we will model this section after the subsection on ants, discussing the species and specific pollen adaptations and behaviors in approximately the same order. However, we will also talk about the differences in the role of bees as pollinators as opposed to ants.

Evolution
This section will trace back palynivore behavior to a number of periods and show how palynivore behavior and morphological characteristics have evolved. More specifically, this will involve looking at groupings of palynivores in various prehistoric eras and follow how their behaviors and morphological characteristics, such as mouths and appendages, have evolved to create modern day palynivores. In addition, this section will cover how pollen evolution has impacted palynivore evolution. More specifically, this section would summarize how different pollen structures over time have influenced palynivore feeding behavior and morphological characteristics with selective advantages, eventually resulting in evolution.

Effects of Global Climate Change and the Future of Palynivores
In this section we will discuss the relationship between palynivores and climate change. Palynivores are an important aspect of global organismal diversity by providing pollination services to a variety of flowering plants. There has been evidence showing a correlation between a decline in palynivores and a decline in plant species with the two being intimately connected.

Change in climate can affect flowering times in plants which can in turn lead to a decline in palynivore population. This can cause a positive feedback loop with each driving the decline of the other. In this section, we will discuss current studies and trends.

We will use these relationships to discuss future steps and ways in which individuals and communities can work to create a more positive outcome for Palynivores.

Additional Edits
The current palynivore page only contains one picture, which is that of a bee. We would like to include some additional, wikipedia-approved photos of some of the other species that are palynivores, such as the Zacryptocerus texanus. — Preceding unsigned comment added by RAsfour97 (talk • contribs) 19:25, 14 October 2018 (UTC)

RAsfour97 (talk) 19:32, 14 October 2018 (UTC) along with User:Kate0123, User:Nathaniel H2468, User:Mattextract

Adapation section should be more specific. I think you should include information about why it is an adaptation for the species exemplifying the behavior. I think shows how it benefits plants but not so much for the insect. If you recall an adaptation is adavantageous for the species and makes it better suite for it to survive, but by not including this information you're simply just stating how they a re palynivores. include information on how the bees and ants benefits from being a palynivore and why it is important that they adapted this trait. Also if we are dividing it by different insects within the adaptation section maybe state the differences between their palynivore and why the environment needs different species to be palynivores. Y'all can also state whether or not being a palynivore has a cost on the on the insects life. Maybe mention if it is a learned behavior or if they're born palynivores. Overall good start maybe add some pictures to give the reader an image. Neah OdomLeaonna (talk) 02:05, 8 November 2018 (UTC)

Chesney Ward - Peer Review
Overall, I think that the article includes useful and relevant information and is presented in a neutral, unbiased tone.

I think it would be good to expanded more on what is included in the intro. The subcategories of palynivores (true vs. not true, larval vs. adult), the mutualistic relationship between palynivores and flowers, and the different types of insect palynivores are all interesting subjects, but are only briefly mentioned in the intro.

Also, is there a reason why you go into detail only with bees and ants specifically? You make the connection between the two species and talk about similar foraging patterns, but were there any other reasons? For example, are most palynivores in nature bees and ants? Do they have the most evolved adaptations out of all palynivores? Do we know more about bees and ants more than other palynivores species? Etc.

I like the incorporation of palynivores evolution and also how climate change affects palynivores species. Very interesting information. I also think the article is structured and formatted well. — Preceding unsigned comment added by ChesneyWard (talk • contribs) 02:40, 8 November 2018 (UTC)

Andy Smith Peer Review
There is a typo in the "Evolution" section - the family containing beetles is "coleoptera," not "cleoptera." In the Lead, it says that "most true palynivores are insects or mites" - it would be nice if there was a mention in a later section about other animals that may not qualify as "true" palynivores but are still related or similar. In the same vein, it would be useful to at least list some specific examples of palynivorous species. In the "Adaptations" section, it would also be useful to add information about other groups if possible - maybe beeetles or mites. In the "Effects of Global Climate Change and the Future of Palynivores" section, it is mentioned that there are two types of palynivores, specific and general. While it is apparent as to why this is related to climate change, it would also make sense to elaborate on the two types of palynivores in an earlier section, such as the "Adaptations of Palynivores" section. Overall, the article is very well-written, clear, and has a logical, easy-to-follow structure. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Als136 (talk • contribs) 06:24, 9 November 2018 (UTC)