Talk:Phenothiazine/Archive 1

Display problems
Does this page render incorrectly for anyone else? I'm using Firefox 1.5.0.1 Alvis 06:23, 28 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I'm also using Firefox 1.5.0.1 and it renders fine. Screenshot? --Bk0 (Talk) 12:53, 28 February 2006 (UTC)
 * See http://img512.imageshack.us/img512/3519/render5hr.png It will render fine as long as the window is very large - does not scale properly. Alvis 01:22, 1 March 2006 (UTC)


 * Ah, yes, I can reproduce that by shrinking my browser window down. It looks like it's probably a problem with MediaWiki's table-generating code. We can work around it in this article by moving the inline drug table down until it is no longer overlapping the chembox. --Bk0 (Talk) 23:57, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

Discussion of phenothiazines as insecticides
While I don't dispute the origins of phenothiazines as insecticides, a fair amount of the introductory material discusses its toxic effects in a manner not directly relevant to clinial use of phenothiazines. Andrew73 13:26, 7 June 2007 (UTC) After reading the war of words written above,one of you want to make the phenothiazine class of drugs a god send.And the other other wants to point out the real truth about the damage that phenothiazine class of drugs has done to the millions of the mentally ill who have been forced to take this chemical LOBOTOMY.I have bipolar disorder and while first being misdiagnosed with Schizophrenia, I was forced to take 3 of them at the same time.

Stelazine,Thorazine and Mellaril.which in 1 week sent me into the greatest depression that that I have ever been in and I became suicidal.These drugs took away my free will and my personality.In short they sent me straight to hell.I became a mindless Zombie.And I am a Aircraft Engineer and I could not add 2+2 You two can argue all you want about the chemical history of this class of drugs.But neither one of you have had to survive taking this poison.

I stumbled into this article by accident while trying to decide if I wanted to take Promethazine for nausea.I also have been given Compazine for nausea by IV with out my knowledge.Within 5 minutes I was pulling the IV out and climping the walls with the only panic attack that I have ever had. —Preceding unsigned comment added by WNBCK (talk • contribs) 23:19, 8 August 2010 (UTC)

Discusion With MastCell on Phenothiazine
Why do you choose to go on an edit war with me MastCell? Do you live online? You constantly revert what ever it is I add to an article. If you read up on Phenothiazine yourself you will see that it has ANTICHOLONERIC BLOCKING EFFECTS. This is not the same thing as ANTICHOLONERIC EFFECTS. It does block the breakdown of acytclecholine which is exactly why it is effective as an insecticide.

Need a reference that these drugs are ANTICHOLONERIC BLOCKING? "Facts and Comparisons" III W. Port Plaza, Suite 300 St. Louis MO. USA 63146-3098 (telephone 314-216-2100 or 1-800-223-0554). The updatable section called "Antipsychotic Agents" is (c)1990

It is you who are in error. You suceeded in getting me blocked for "sockpuppetry" by soliciting someone to block me for you. I am new to Wikipedia and not familiar with "policies". The harsh draconian measures you imploy are to me disruptive. I did not even get a warning for sockpuppetry but rather an automatic block. This is counterproductive to a friendly Wikipedia enviroment when users such as yourself go on the offensive an try to discourage and chase new people such as me out of the Wikipedia.

As for Phenothiazine being an industrial chemical ample evidence of this can be found on the United States Enviromental Protection Agency WebSite and I will be getting a refernce for you that it is used as an additive in the manufacture of rubber tires. Phenothiazine is an enviromental toxin of concern to the Enviromental Protection Agency. An entire subdivision had to be relocated because the soil was contaminated with Phenothiazine among other things. Most material in the articles on antipsychotic drugs are not sourced with references and singaling me out to provide a reference for everything new added seems to be quite unfair. But I will get you references on phenothiazine as you request. It is an idustrial chemical and still is. Dr CareBear 04:02, 26 June 2007 (UTC)


 * Phenothiazine is one of the carbamate insecticides. I found this below after a quick search on PubMed. You are mistaken not I. And you threatened me on my talk page with an idefinate block because it appears that you do not want negitive information published. Is it for protecting the image that these drugs are safe when it is the furthest thing from the truth? http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=PubMed I found this article with the search of the two keywords of "Phenothiazine" and "insecticide". Insensitive acetylcholinesterase is just another way of saying that the insecticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase. You are mistaken, not I.


 * Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang 431-060, Republic of Korea.


 * Insensitive acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is involved in the resistance of organophosphorous and carbamate insecticides (my note: Phenothiazine is a carbamate insecticide). We cloned a novel full-length AChE cDNA encoding ace1 gene from adult heads of the diamondback moth (DBM, Plutella xylostella). The ace1 gene encoding 679 amino acids has conserved motifs including catalytic triad, choline-binding site and acyl pocket. Northern blot analysis revealed that the ace1 gene was expressed much higher than the ace2 in all examined body parts. The biochemical properties of expressed AChEs showed substrate specificity for acetylthiocholine iodide and inhibitor specificity for BW284C51 and eserine. Three mutations of AChE1 (D229G, A298S, and G324A) were identified in the prothiofos-resistant strain, two of which (A298S and G324A) were expected to be involved in the prothiofos-resistance through three-dimensional modeling. In vitro functional expression of AChEs in Sf9 cells revealed that only resistant AChE1 is less inhibited with paraoxon, suggesting that resistant AChE1 is responsible for prothiofos-resistance.


 * PMID: 17196934 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Dr CareBear 07:18, 26 June 2007 (UTC)

I will not talk about you to other users covertly and try to conceal the fact that I have such as you do. I posted a message on DavidRuben's talk page under yours. You did not even show me the curtesy that you are solicity other's to join you in your campain againt me. This is meatpuppetry. You are soliciting DavidRuben to sway the Phenothiazine article to your favor. Since I am new to Wikipedia and I am not an Admin I do not even know how to go about going through the proper channels to report you as soliciting meatpuppets. You could have shown me the curtesy telling me you were soliciting DavidRuben to join you. I hope David will read what I posted above that proves you do not know the difference between anticholonergic blocking and anticholonergic. You are confused. Dr CareBear 08:36, 26 June 2007 (UTC)


 * I will be more specific so that you will understand in case you are still confused. acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme that is anticholonergic in that it naturally breaks down acetylcholine so that there is a natural amount in the brain and nervous system. When two much acetylcholine is present in the nevous system all kinds of unpleasant feelings manifest themselves (i.e. akathisia). Phenothiazine is antidopaminergic in that it blocks dopamine receptors. Phenothiazine does NOT block acetylcholine receptors. The Phenothiazine molecule does not even resemble a acetylcholine molecule so it is impossible for it to plug into a acetylcholine receptor. On the other hand Phenothiazine does have benzine rings just as natural dopamine which is why Phenothiazine binds with the Dopamine receptors. That is why Phenothiazine is antidopaminergic. Phenothiazine is "anticholonergic blocking" not "anticholonergic". If you do not believe me then see FACTS AND COMPARISONS under antipsychotic agents and it states very clearly that these drugs are "anticholonergic blocking" not "anticholonergic". Also Phenothiazine is used as insecticide being a carbamate insecticide and this angent does inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase which is exactly why it kills insects. Insensitive acetylcholinesterase is an inhibited acetylcholinesterase molecule that has been damaged molecularly by the insecticide so that it can not perform it's natural functions to break down acetylcholinesterase. Phenothiazine does inhibit the break down of acetylcholine by damaging the acetylcholinesterase molecule. Dr CareBear 10:08, 26 June 2007 (UTC)

MastCell. See this. This is the akathisia treatment suggested in the Pimozide article. The treatment of Akathisia which is the result of two much acetylcholine is anticholonergic drugs. I can personally testify that Clonopin and anticholonergic drug is very effective in eliminating akathisia. The Pimozide article under side effects states: "Akathisia can sometimes be treated with anticholinergic drugs (mainly benztropine), beta blockers or benzodiazepines, particularly clonazepam (Klonopin). Unfortunately, in many cases this side effect can be so intense that even large doses of these drugs are unable to counter it, and often is so extreme that self-destructive behaviour, including attempting suicide, may occur." These drugs above are anticholonergic. Phenothiazine is NOT anticholonergic. It is anticholonergic blocking in that it inhibits acetylcholinesterase. Dr CareBear 11:04, 26 June 2007 (UTC)


 * Here is another Abstract taken from PubMed that shows that Phenothiazine inhibits acetylcholinesterase. They even go so far as to secifically call the Phenothiazine psychotropic drugs "enviromental toxicants". This would agree with the USA Enviromental Protection Agency which also views Phenothiazine as an enviromental toxicant.


 * Suri Sadar Hospital, Birbhum, West Bengal, India.


 * Human fetal brains were obtained after medical termination of pregnancy at 8-10 wk from informed patients. A definite regionalization of AChE was found in the brain of the fetus, with cerebellum recording the highest and cerebral hemisphere the lowest activity. Optimum conditions for the cerebellar AChE activity were determined with respect to molarity of the buffer, pH, temperature, and concentrations of substrate (acetylthiocholine iodide), activators (NaCl, MgCl2), and thiol indicator (dithiobisnitrobenzoic acid). In vitro inhibition of cerebellar AChE with two commercial pesticides, Metacid-50 (O,O-dimethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate) and carbaryl (N-methyl naphthyl-1-carbamate), were compared with pure anticholinesterase agents, diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) and physostigmine (eserine). In general, organophosphates are more neurotoxic than carbamate compounds, as evidenced by higher degree of AChE inhibition by DFP and Metacid-50 as compared to eserine and carbaryl. Assays were also done with psychotropic drugs by employing the procedure of in vitro AChE inhibition kinetics, and it was found that psychotropic drugs are less potent than organophosphate and carbamate compounds. Results indicate that pure and commercial organophosphates and carbamates and psychotropic drugs are all able to significantly alter the AChE activity. Thus exposure of the mother to these environmental toxicants may adversely affect the fetal neural functions.


 * PMID: 1906943 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Dr CareBear 11:59, 26 June 2007 (UTC)


 * OK. Let's start with some definitions. You're using terms in an idiosyncratic manner, and most of these terms appear nowhere in the articles you're citing.
 * Anticholinergic: Drugs that block acetylcholine receptors have anticholinergic properties. Phenothiazines have such anticholinergic properties: see.
 * Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: The pesticides you're referring to inhibit the enzyme which breaks down acetylcholine, resulting in an increase in stimulation of acetylcholine receptors. This produces an effect exactly opposite to the anticholinergic effect described above.
 * Phenothiazine is not a carbamate and does not inhibit acetylcholinesterase [in a clinically meaningful manner]. I notice you inserted "your note" that phenothiazine is allegedly a carbamate into an otherwise accurate PubMed abstract. Can you show me a reference (without adding any of your "notes") which states that phenothiazine is either a carbamate or an AChE inhibitor?
 * Terms like "anticholinesterase blocking agent" make no sense (what is "anticholinesterase"?) and, further, your contentions are not supported by the literature you quote. That's where the problem is coming from. MastCell Talk 17:43, 26 June 2007 (UTC)

OK, in the interest of heading off any more unsourced rants, let me do some of your homework. Let's look at the following: If we want to include a section on the pharmacology of phenothiazines, then I have no problem with noting that they have been found to have both anticholinergic and cholinesterase-inhibiting effects, and that the latter may correlate with the development of extrapyramidal side effects. I'm still not clear on why the push to emphasize insecticides and akathisia - am I missing something? Also, please read the verifiability policy: you will have a much easier time if you can provide a verifiable source (e.g. PubMed ID), interpreted properly, to support your contentions at the time you make them, instead of inserting unsourced material. MastCell Talk 18:22, 26 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Phenothiazines inhibit acetylcholinesterase by concentration-dependent-type kinetics. A study with trifluoperazine and perphenazine. In vitro study indicating that some phenothiazines have varied inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase.
 * Trifluoperazine stimulates acetylcholine receptor synthesis in cultured chick myotubes. Phenothiazines increase the synthesis of acetylcholine receptors.
 * A comparative study of the anticholinesterase activity of several antipsychotic agents. Probably the most useful, as far as it goes: Suggests that some phenothiazines have cholinesterase-inhibiting properties that are independent of their antipsychotic effect, and that the degree of cholinesterase inhibition may be proportional to their ability to induce extrapyramidal effects. I assume this is what you were getting at, though as I noted above, it's hard for me to tell.


 * Phenothiazine does inhibit acetylcholinesterase in a clinically meaningful manor. That is why Phenothaizine works as an insecticide just like organophosphates. Also that is why REAL anticholonergic drugs like Clonopin provide imediate releaf of akathisia. The abstract of the article that I added the note that Phenothiazine is a carbamate is based on the fact that I found the article with the search of the two keywords of "Phenothiazine" and "Insecticide". Even though the word Phenothiazine is not found in the abstract itself the word pulled up this article when using the Search for the keywords above. I assume PubMed indexed it that way deliberately because Phenothiazine is a Carbamate insecticide. But I am not sure if Phenothiazine is a Carbamate insecticide or functions like a Carbamate insecticide. As far as the article mentioned above that states that Phenothiazine is "anticholinergic (antiparkinson)" that just does not make much sense. I know it is published in PubMed as you pointed out but I must point out that Phenothiazines actually cause Pseudoparkinson or parkinsonian sideeffects in the people who take these drugs. That is why drugs like Augmenton (sic?) and Congentin are given to these people. But then Congentin causes people to have dry mouth and their saliva gets thick like foam. These people complain of cotton mouth sensations from the Cogentin and the Cogentin causes restricted urination. Cogentin not only drys up the saliva glands but the prostate glands also. The prostate glands become swollen from the Cogentin which causes the restricted urinary flow. I do not know why you have a problem with the insecticide aspect of Phenothiazine being published here. This article is about all aspects of Phenothiazine not just the drugs. To understand the drugs it is also nessesary to understand the insecticides. The symptom's of the insecticide exposure to the Phenothiazines are exactly the same as the side effects of the Phenothiazine antipsychotics. Wikipedia is supposed have been designed to increase the knowledge base of the world and I believe this connection is important to establish in the article so people can make informed choices about their use of these drugs. The sad thing is many people are not given a choice at all of whether these drugs are administered or not. Any sane person would never open a bottle of insecticide and take a sip of it. But that is exactly what people diagnosed with mental illnesses are asked to do. A large number of these people are not even given a choice. They are administered involentarily. Even if these drugs do also have some limited blocking of acetylcholine receptors which I still am skeptical of even with the article you provided I must point out that is exactly what Cobra Venum does. I binds with the acetylcholine receptors. I am not saying that these drugs act like Cobra Venum to such an extream however. Just pointing this out. Dr CareBear 10:35, 27 June 2007 (UTC)

additional information. anticholinesterase agent is an agent that inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Isn't it obvious? Dr CareBear 11:03, 27 June 2007 (UTC)


 * I'm not sure how else to say this: please provide sources for your claims. You claim that phenothiazine "must be" a carbamate, because you pulled up an article mentioning carbamates by searching for phenothiazine. Despite the fact that the source doesn't actually say that phenothiazine is a carbamate. That's the kind of misrepresentation of sources that I'm complaining about. The article could just as easily say, "Phenothiazine is not a carbamate," and PubMed would still pull it up with your search terms. I think a lot of difficulty could be avoided if you'd take the time to look again at Wikipedia's policies on verifiability and guidelines on how to properly utilize sources.
 * As to the argument that "Phenothiazine is an insecticide, therefore it must be a horrible poison," I don't find that compelling. Coumadin is rat poison, yet it's clinically beneficial to many people. Phenothiazine has its toxicities, and we should fully describe these, but claiming that "it's an insecticide and therefore a horrible medicine" is both alarmist and inaccurate. Let's get back to sourced material. MastCell Talk 15:34, 27 June 2007 (UTC)

The fact is that Phenothiazine is an insecticide just as Carbamates are. That has already been established. It has already been established that Phenothiazine inhibits acetylcholinesterase just as Carbamate insecticides do. Whether or not Phenothiazine is a Carbamate is a really mute point since they both kill insects by the same method although it would be nice to establish once and for all whether or not Phenothiazine is a Carbamate. Do you know how to access the entire article online for PubMed and not just the abstract?


 * I don't dispute that phenothiazines may have originally been used as insecticides. However, this isn't their primary use.  To repeatedly associate them with insecticides is giving this connection undue weight.  Furtheremore, just because it may have historical origins as an insecticide doesn't necessarily make it unusually more toxic than e.g. another class of medications such as chemotherapy.  Andrew73 23:44, 30 June 2007 (UTC)


 * You are right. Chemotherapy is toxic. Personally if I had cancer I would prefer to go without chemotherapy. Of cource that is my own personal decision. Unfortunately people said to be psychotic are more often then not, not given a choice about these drugs. I have worked with many people called psychotic. Very few of them were actually psychotic. The others would be more appropriately characterized as eccentric rather then psychotic. Society has a sad history of oppression toward people that are different then others. Dr CareBear 04:14, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

You know what's really funny? The very people that would defend these drugs as being "safe and effective" would never ever take them themselves. That is really sad. I don't have plans to "POV push" on the Phenothiazine article but rather just present facts and then let the reader make their own conclusions. It is not "POV pushing" to provide a section describing the neurological effects of Phenothiazine insecticide exposure. Then provide a seperate section on neurological side effects of Phenothiazine drugs without making a direct connection in the article suggesting to the reader on how they "should think" but rather let them make their own conclusions by examing the facts. That would not be POV-pushing. Dr CareBear 05:47, 29 June 2007 (UTC)


 * People wouldn't take these medicatiosn themselves because they don't necessarily have the conditions that are the indications for these medications. Andrew73 23:44, 30 June 2007 (UTC)


 * And for the record, I have taken a phenothiazine once or twice, for nausea, and lived to tell the tale. But that's beside the point. Source your edits. You seem to be accusing me of not knowing how to use PubMed, yet I provided a bunch of sources to address your claims while you've been providing primarily invective. Yes, "it would be nice to establish" that phenothiazine is a carbamate. You've now backpedaled 5 or 6 times on this claim (now, apparently, it's a "mute point") while continuing to sling accusations. Please provide a source that indicates phenothiazine is a carbamate; then I'll be happy to accept it and move on. MastCell Talk 02:58, 1 July 2007 (UTC)

That is not it at all MASTCELL. You misinterpreted me. I was asking you for help. I was asking you if you knew how to access the entire article and not just the abstract because I do not know how to do it. I was asking you to help me so that I will know how to access the entire article. I want to read the article that brought up a reference to Carbamates with the keywords of "insecticide" and "phenothiazine". I am sorry you thought I was accussing you of not knowing how to use PubMed. You obviously know more about how to use it then me that is why I was asking you for help. Dr CareBear 02:23, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

I apologize. I did misunderstand you there, and I'm sorry. As to accessing the full text, it depends. Some articles have free full text available; if this is the case, there will be an icon on the PubMed abstract page, in the middle-upper right, saying "full text". Many articles, however, do not have the full text available for free - only the abstract. If the full text is not available free online, then unforutunately the only way to dig it up is to access a medical library. If you have online member access to a journal (or to a medical library) you can try that; otherwise it may be necessary to physically go to a medical library, find the journal issue, and photocopy it. MastCell Talk 06:46, 2 July 2007 (UTC)


 * It would be nice that if they would put the articles online so that knowledge is freely available to all. But when the bottom line is money and greed then that becomes an unlikely prospect. I think legislation should be made to make it available online. I think copy rights on knowledge should have an expory date just like medicines. But since articles are not exclusive to one country the only thing that would ever bring that about would be a one world government. Dr CareBear 07:23, 2 July 2007 (UTC)


 * sigh* Phenothiazine is not a carbamate, a carbamate is a functional group, carbamates must have the carbamate functional group in their structure. If you want to say phenothiazines have a "carbamate-like action" and have a source to back it up, OK, but phenothiazines are not carbamates. Fvasconcellos (t·c) 03:13, 1 July 2007 (UTC)

Inaccurate 3D image
The current space-filling model, Image:Phenothiazine3d.png, is misleading because it shows phenothiazine as a planar molecule, when in fact it is puckered.

See the X-ray crystal structure for details.

I will try to provide a new image based on this paper ASAP.

Ben (talk) 00:54, 15 June 2008 (UTC)


 * Done.


 * Ben (talk) 16:13, 15 June 2008 (UTC)

@kooladi99:
there's a need for improval in this artical. it need mechanism of action, receptors of this drug... —Preceding unsigned comment added by Kooladi99 (talk • contribs) 11:36, 27 March 2010 (UTC)

need entry for pipamazine
Could someone add pipamazine (Mornidine) to wikipedia. It is a phenothiazine, http://archpedi.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/summary/99/4/534 It was withdrawn from the market by the FDA for hepatic lesions in the 60's. There's a Mornidine ad that is readily found by searching Google but no information in wikipedia. SomeNumpty (talk) 19:13, 27 September 2010 (UTC)
 * That sounds like a nice challenge! I'll try to work on an article. Best, Fvasconcellos (t·c) 20:03, 27 September 2010 (UTC)

Triavil redirection to this page seems inaccurate.
Triavil redirects to this page. This seems inaccurate for two reasons:

1. Triavil is not a single drug, but two drugs combined into one pill.

2. The two drugs are Amitriptyline and Perphenazine, not Phenothiazine, according to every other resource I can find on the internet.

Perhaps someone who knows how to fix such things can fix this. -- The one and only Pj (talk) 06:21, 2 November 2013 (UTC)

Phenothiazine possible effect
Hi Jytdog, I receive your edit war warning. I would like to let you know that the Phenothiazine could possibly trigger antiphospholipid syndrome as described in the session "Other clinical associations" aPL(Antiphospholipid) antibodies are also found in association with phenothiazines, such as described in Antiphospholipid Syndrome Antiphospholipid Syndrome among in the original link i posted to the article Liwk (talk) 08:54, 26 July 2015 (UTC)
 * Thanks for talking. It is best to do this at the article talk page - if you would like to post there, i'll response there. thanks! Jytdog (talk) 08:58, 26 July 2015 (UTC)
 * Ok, i will move this to the talk page there then. Liwk (talk) 09:08, 26 July 2015 (UTC)
 * Thanks for talking! What that source says is that the cause is unknown.  It lists several things that "are associated with" the condition.   Side effects are actually caused by a drug. Jytdog (talk) 09:15, 26 July 2015 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your opinions. The first source from American Association for Clinical Chemistry states that "APS can also be seen in the elderly and temporarily during infections and with some medications, such as the psychiatric drugs phenothiazine" and the second source states that "Antiphospholipid Syndrome is associated with phenothiazine". So I think it is fair to state that  antiphospholipid syndrome is a possible effect with phenothiazine.


 * The mechanism is stated in some sources, like Am J Clin Pathol that "These findings demonstrate the heterogeneity of antiphospholipid antibody specificity induced in patients treated with various phenothiazine drugs ...", and Translationsional Development Psychiatry"Among the existing antipsychotics, phenothiazines are causally associated with APS" Liwk (talk) 10:59, 26 July 2015 (UTC)


 * The http://www.mrcpstudy.com/ site is not a reliable source per MEDRS.  is a very old (25 years old!) primary source and that is way out of bounds; if there are not reviews in the biomedical literature that have picked that up by now, it would be WP:UNDUE for us to talk about it.  The best source you have brought is http://patient.info/doctor/antiphospholipid-syndrome-pro and even that is not great...and as we discussed, it says the cause is unknown but certain correlations have been found. Jytdog (talk) 16:01, 26 July 2015 (UTC)


 * see here. That is much we can do, given the sources. Jytdog (talk) 01:37, 27 July 2015 (UTC)

article overall
This article is, overall, a mess. It confuses the compound itself, with the many compounds that include this structure and does so in a sloppy way. The first sentence "Phenothiazine is an organic compound that occurs in various antipsychotic and antihistaminic drugs." is just ... oy. Medicinal chemistry doesn't work that way... this article needs a dramatic overhaul. Which I will get cracking on.... Jytdog (talk) 16:04, 26 July 2015 (UTC)
 * done Jytdog (talk) 01:37, 27 July 2015 (UTC)

interesting article
It shows the history that some were thinking psychiatric symptoms had to do with a root cause possibly in anywhere else but the brain. Then it shows the hospital + pharmabiz together wanted "stronger sedative and soothing effect"'s (as read between the lines) instead of actually doing anything to figure out whether the patient has some real issues that might cause the psychiatric symptoms. Isn't it obvious that only a simpleton would think that behavior is all in the brain? There's at least one book if not many from hundred years ago that link food and environment to behavior. Clearly the "brightest minds" have always known this but lets think about it like this: One author had written a book suggesting some people have brain suited to farming activities and others to hunting. Didn't mention gathering (suppose that is common to both to some degree). So if all wild lands are replaced with farms and people placed in unusual setting (office all day long), there could be some issues with adaptation. Who needs farmers? Governments and their fake eCONomy that want slaves in ever increasing numbers. Same folks also are leading oil and plastic waste polluters by pandering to low or no standards that free trade involves. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.155.18.161 (talk) 15:00, 29 November 2018 (UTC)