Talk:Pomo

Comment
how long did they live.

Suggestion on organization: Going by the Wikpedia formatting rules, I think most of the traditional narrative sources are more like a 'further reading' section... a "further reading" section might be a smooth way to recommend them above sources,  without putting them in the middle of the article. Goldenrowley 00:07, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

Redwood Valley Little River Band of Pomo Indian
We have this Tribe in our Tribal Directory, but I noticed it was not mentioned in here. Anyone willing to post information on Redwood Valley Reservation?

LOCATION AND LAND STATUS:

The Redwood Valley Rancheria is located northeast of the town of Redwood Valley in Mendocino County, California. The reservation lies in a region consisting of forested mountain ridgelines separated by river and stream valleys. The reservation spans 177 acres along the northeastern side of the Russian River Valley.

The reservation was established by Acts of 1906 and 1908, and the land was purchased by the United States government on July 19, 1909. However, the rancheria was terminated on August 1, 1961, along with 43 other California rancherias, according to the California Rancheria Act of 1958.

In the mid-1970’s, Redwood Valley Reservation, along with 16 other Native American communities, were involved in a lawsuit with the United States government seeking to restore their federal recognition. In 1983, the 17 Native American communities won the lawsuit known as Tillie Hardwick v. United States of America.

Since then, the Redwood Valley Reservation has rebuilt its land base through the addition of 170 acres accepted into trust by the United States government in 1985.

CLIMATE:

The Redwood Valley Reservation is located in the transitional zone between coastal and interior climates. This climate zone consists of mild year-round temperatures with moist cool winters and warm dry summers. The annual rainfall in the area averages 35 inches.

CULTURE AND HISTORY:

The Redwood Valley Pomo have traditionally lived in the Little River area northeast of the Clear Lakes regions. The arrival of European settlers in the 19th century completely disrupted the Pomo people’s traditional life-style.

During the early 1900’s, public outcry over the condition of California’s "landless Indians" led Congress to authorize an investigation of their living conditions. C.E. Kelsey, an attorney from San Jose and officer of the Northern California Indian Association, was special agent appointed to investigate and develop a plan to improve their lives.

Kelsey recommended that Congress purchase small parcels of land for these indigenous groups meeting four criteria: that there be sites for houses, that the land be irrigable, and that a proper supply of water and wood be available. A series of appropriation acts for land purchases was passed starting in 1906. Between 1906 and 1913 Kelsey himself purchased land in northern and central California pursuant to the acts, including the land for the Redwood Valley Rancheria.

Redwood Valley Reservation was one of the many California native land bases which was impacted by the California Rancheria Act of 1958. Termination of Redwood Valley caused many tribal members to migrate to surrounding towns and cities in search of employment, leaving behind only a few scattered Native American families on the rancheria. Since the rancheria’s "un-termination" in 1983, the tribe has formed a tribal government, acquired a land-base, and began the implementation of an overall economic-development program.

POMO - The Pomo people, traditionally speaking seven related but mutually unintelligible languages, still live in their ancestral lands in northwestern California. Their languages belong to the Hokan family, related to the languages of people from the northernmost part of the state southward into Mexico and eastward into the Great Basin and the Southwest. Along the coast they made their living by gathering shellfish and fishing, relying secondarily on acorns and game; along major rivers they were able to depend on king salmon and to some extent on acorns and game. Today approximately 5,000 Pomo people live on or near the Big Valley, Cloverdale, Dry Creek, Grindstone, Guidiville, Hopland, Lytton, Manchester/Point Arena, Middletown, Pinoleville, Potter Valley, Redwood Valley, Robinson, Scotts Valley, Sherwood Valley, Stewarts Point, and Upper Lake rancherias, the Coyote Valley and Round Valley reservations, and the Elem Indian Colony.

GOVERNMENT:

On June 20, 1987, theRedwood Valley Band of Pomo Indians adopted a Constitution and Bylaws pursuant to the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934. The Redwood Valley Rancheria is governed by a General Council, consisting of all adult enrolled members, which elects a seven-member Tribal Council. The Council includes a chairperson, vice-chairperson, secretary, and treasurer. Elected members serve for two year terms.

The General Council and the Tribal Council are supported by an administrative staff organization consisting of a tribal administrator, ANA coordinator, bookkeeper, and secretary, in addition to several temporary and part-time employees —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Razster (talk • contribs) 21:45, 28 December 2006 (UTC).


 * Hi I did not notice your contribution until now. The above group and Rancheria seems noteworthy per Wikipedia guidelines, you might start a subpage for it linking from this page. Please note most of the tribes are not covered by a subpage; you should probably check the guidelines on what makes a group notable enough for Wikipedia. Goldenrowley 02:05, 1 May 2007 (UTC)


 * OKay I added this as a new article today: Redwood Valley Rancheria Goldenrowley 02:09, 6 May 2007 (UTC)

Meaning of Pomo
I verified the meaning of Pomo today, it was requested. The source I cited says it means "the people" not "at red earth hole". Note while fact checking, only one source on the internet says "red earth hole" they say it is from is Heizer, Handbook of North American Indians, vol. 8. p. 293. Next time I am at the library I'll check but that seems misquoted and a bit taken out of context.Goldenrowley 02:05, 1 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Ok have the book it says 'Pomo' and 'Poma' means 'those who live at red earth hole' but on page 277 not 293 and that it grew to mean tyhe people possuibly by Powers (1877:146) 75.52.224.9 23:00, 5 May 2007 (UTC) - oos I forgot to sign in this is GoldenRowley at the library. Goldenrowley 23:01, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

'Pomo' does not mean 'the people'! The two possible origins (of which magnesite-hole is the best) are not used in all Pomoan languages. Southern Pomo, the language I've studied for 7 years, has no word for self-designation and does not use 'Pomo'. The cognate of the 'po' portion of 'Pomo' ('magnesite') in Southern Pomo is pʰo:ʔo, the cognate for the 'mo' portion ('hole') is hi:mo. If Southern Pomo had made a compound, following regular rules for compounding two disyllabic words, it would be pʰo:ʔohmo. This compound is unattested. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.111.199.58 (talk) 21:32, 13 September 2007 (UTC)


 * I'll clarify my last comment. Going by the published source it says and I repeat 'Pomo' and 'Poma' ...grew to mean "the people" [in English texts], possibly [first named that way] by Powers. That doesn't mean it always meant the people, or originally meant the people, but that it is the current English reference to this people. Goldenrowley 22:52, 13 September 2007 (UTC)

Kroeber (and other early researchers) didn't actually know the Pomo languages well. The other root that they think might be the basis for the 'Pomo' term is -pʰo- as in Southern Pomo nopʰ:o 'rancheria; to live'. However, magnesite (red-earth) hole is probably the best. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 169.231.33.145 (talk) 02:15, 17 September 2007 (UTC)

New contribution
I moved this from the real page until its copyedited and cleaned up. Its pretty raw (sorry) especially just slapped at bottom rather than merged to the right sections, don't you think? Goldenrowley 00:02, 9 October 2007 (UTC)

"Pomo

The Southern, Central & Northern Pomo Indians were inhabiting the Mendocino Sonoma coast when trappers & settlers started arriving in this area. The Southern Pomo are called the Kashia. The Central Pomo are called the Yokiya. And the Northern Pomo are called the Bokeya. They territory ranged from about the Russian River on the south to the northern border of Mendocino county on the north and extended into Lake county on the east. Different tribes had different resources which they traded with other tribes. The coast region provided recreation and all kinds of edibles. By 1811, when 95 Russian trappers, accompanied by 40 Aleut and Kodiak Indians, arrived from Alaska and established a fur trading colony at what is now Fort Ross, many Pomos had already been forced into Spanish missions or onto White reservations. Also, during the 1820’s & 1830’s, the Pomos were subjected to ever increasing raids by Mexicans to secure slaves, and epidemic diseases such as smallpox and cholera. In contrast, the Pomos found the Russian traders to be friendly. The Russian trappers had found that having the local Indians on their side was to their advantage. Many of the Pomos worked for the Russians. There was also an intermingling of the two cultures, religions & languages. Some of the Pomos also married Russians. The Russian trappers only stayed until 1842. When the Russians returned to Russia some of the Pomos went with them.

During the 1840’s & 1850’s the large numbers of settlers and fortune seekers moved into this area. Some of the Pomo worked for them. Others were enslaved.

In 1857 the U.S. government set up a reservation called Fort Bragg for the Pomos. The Fort Bragg reservation was abandoned in 1867. At that time, the 2,000 or so Pomos living there were sent to other reservations in California. Some of the Pomos escaped and returned to their homeland only to find that others had moved in making them homeless and landless with no legal recourse. In an 1860 report, the California Legislature began by saying "For gross mismanagement and fraudulent practices the Mendocino Reservation should rank at the head of all Government failures."

A white settler named Charlie Haupt married a Pomo, bought a ranch and invited her people to live on their ranch with them. This ranch was several miles inland between Fort Ross & Stewart’s Point. The Kashia Pomo lived on this ranch from 1859-1919 when they moved onto 40 acres purchased for them by the U.S. government.

In 1812 California was still a territory of Spain. California became part of Mexico in 1822.

The Gualala River was used as a boundary line by the Pomo’s to separate the Bokeya and Yokiya tribes, by Rafael Garcia’s Mexican land grant until it was canceled, by Rancho de Herman and since March 11, 1859, it has been the border between Sonoma & Mendocino counties. \

http://www.kstrom.net/isk/art/basket/pomohist.html http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/pomo/pomoindianhist.htm http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2006-03/2006-03-30-voa46.cfm "


 * Please note I don't oppose your work altogether, new person, it just brings the quality of the page down if things are just put at bottom.Goldenrowley 00:02, 9 October 2007 (UTC)

warning: vandals at work
I'm relatively new to Wikipedia but am already amazed by the intensity of the vandalism on this article. Don't the vandals have anything better to do with their time? Stepheng3 (talk) 02:58, 11 December 2007 (UTC)


 * Welcome to the jungle! Lots of surprisingly uncontroversial articles get vandalized. I've noticed that a recent edit to an article (making it appear on the "Recent changes" link off to the left) makes it come on vandal radar. There won't be any vandalism for a while and then one new constructive edit starts a flurry of vandalism again until it tapers off. It sucks. Binksternet (talk) 03:17, 11 December 2007 (UTC)


 * Yes it's sad.. especially when I notice this and other native american articles getting more vandalism than other pages. people think we don't notice but we do.... if it gets bad, tell an administrator to lock the page for a while. I am not one but I do keep it on my radar. Goldenrowley (talk) 03:52, 11 December 2007 (UTC)


 * A lot of articles get vandalized, not just Native American ones. A fatal factor is if the article is a staple of grade school curricula. Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong get a ton of vandalism as do Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart. The Versailles Treaty gets hammered all the time as does Thomas Edison. Pocahontas is a part of American schoolwork so that page gets hit, too. I don't believe that you are being targeted specifically. The problem is bigger than that. Binksternet (talk) 01:57, 19 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks Binksternet, that does make one feel less targeted, specifically. Goldenrowley (talk) 04:11, 18 March 2008 (UTC)


 * Don't worry, the vandalization has nothing to do with Native Americans. It's because of a "hip" new slang term: http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=pomo . Unfortunately, the type of people who like to use words like that are rather fond of irony, so that's why the article gets vandalized so often. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Slothario (talk • contribs) 02:15, 28 August 2008 (UTC)

Fort Ross and the Kashaya Pomo
I wound up here by following links from the Fort Ross article, which mentions that the Kashaya branch of the Pomo came to a treaty with the Russians and worked for them, and there was some evangelization to Russian Orthodoxy. I gather that whatever conversions may have taken place did not last after the withdrawal of the Russians, unlike the situation with the Tlingit and Aleut and others in Alaska....but should this be mentioned here? I'd think it should go in the religion section but I'm not familiar enough with the story to make any additions, just thought it worthwhile to mention here so someone more familiar with relations between the Kashaya and the Russians might make any necessary additions; also were the Kashaya enough of a distinct branch of the Pomo to warrant their own article, such that Kashaya when linked in reference to the people would link to such an article, instead of to the language article which is where it redirects now?Skookum1 (talk) 03:22, 3 January 2009 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 03:13, 30 April 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140323032810/http://www.poormagazine.org/index.cfm?L1=news&story=2375 to http://www.poormagazine.org/index.cfm?L1=news&story=2375

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