Talk:Primate basal ganglia system/Archive 1

Add to Category:Nervous_system
Please consider adding Category:Nervous_system or one of that category's subcategories at the end of this article. I would have done so myself, but I think another editor is in the middle of making changes to this article. TruthbringerToronto 19:17, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

Adding to WikiProject Neuroscience
This article contains a lot of information that applies to mammalian basal ganglia in general, and ought to be in the basal ganglia article instead. This article should focus on the anatomical features that make the primate system different from the rodent system, and the physiological information that has been obtained specifically from primate experiments. Looie496 (talk) 03:29, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

Lots of information
This article has pleanty of information that is missing in several articles such as basal ganglia and substantia nigra. Rather this looks like a complete article in its own right and portions of it can significantly contribute to the wikipedia by moving paragarphs to appropriate wiki pages already existing. Kpmiyapuram (talk) 17:43, 15 December 2008 (UTC)
 * I agree completely. Go for it if you feel like it. Looie496 (talk) 18:31, 15 December 2008 (UTC)

three to choose from
In the striato-pallidonigral section it describes staining for met-enkephalin, substance P and/or dynorphin, then it says the nigra has both... but there's three choices. What two are being referred to? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.48.3.234 (talk) 11:06, 1 October 2010 (UTC)

Striatum Topology
"It has a toric topology but is a single closed space." The statement that the striatum has a toric topology shows up quite frequently in the striatum and basal ganglia articles I have read thus far, but thus far I cannot locate a sensible explanation for what that specifically means. The phrase here is most confusing, because it is unclear whether "toric" refers to the neuronal wiring of the striatum or whether it refers to the space. I have thus far assumed that toric refers to the neuronal topology, but now I am less sure of what it means. Can anyone clear that up? I have some articles about toric topolgy for spiking elements, but I figure it will take me several days to get to them. Oznozz (talk) 01:15, 13 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I have no idea what that means, and Google Scholar doesn't show anything helpful. I suggest just getting rid of it.  (I know what a toric topology is, and I'm pretty familiar with the striatum, but I don't know any aspect of the striatum that is any sort of torus.) Looie496 (talk) 06:28, 13 November 2009 (UTC)


 * I'm finally reading some of this material I have. I imagine that the most conventional example of toric topology is the playing field in Asteroids (i.e. a finite surface with no edges), which is a nonsensical description of the gross anatomy of the striatum, so that must not be the implication.  The interstriatal network topology might be toric, however, the cited reference (Voorn et al 2004) does not contain the words "toric" or "torus" anywhere in it.  I can vaguely understand using the term "toric" to describe the pattern of projections from the cortex to the striatum, but I am not convinced that such a description clarifies anything about the striatum.  The cortex is represented in the article as a linear space which projects onto a "circular" space (the striatum) in such a way that the ends of the linear representation of the cortex meet each other.  Additionally, the anterior commissure appears to be a "hole" in the center of the striatum in the diagram, which assists in evoking "torus" as a description.  It is possible that the author was referring to this apparent capability of the striatum to bring otherwise disjoint cortical information together.  An alternative source of the "torus" description could be the popular concept of parallel processing loops which are used to characterize informational flow possible in the cortico-striato-thalamic loop (e.g. Alexander et al 1986, 1990, Gerfen 1992, Haber & Knutson 2010).  I suppose this concept could be viewed as a torus, although I don't see strong evidence to indicate that the loops have a torus-like network connectivity as toric neural network topology is described in Guanella et al 2006 (unfortunately a mediocre reference -- it is a model of the entorhinal cortex; no one seems to have modeled the striatum itself with toric topology, e.g. Frank 2006/using the "Laebra Framework";  or Leblois et al 2006.)  While it seems possible that the topology of these loops at the neuron-to-neuron level might be something similar to a torus across the loop, the discussion in Tepper & Plenz ???? found that reciprocal connection of medium spiny neurons (the predominant type in the striatum at 96% of neurons, Kreitzer 2009) have only a 1 in 122 chance of reciprocal connection, which suggests that at least in the striatal medium spiny neurons, information cannot be said to flow on a toric topology.  Therefore, I'm going to delete it until someone can better explain the meaning of the statement.


 * Pieter Voorn, Louk J. M. J. Vanderschuren, Henk J. Groenewegen, Trevor W. Robbins and Cyriel M. A. Pennartz, Putting a spin on the dorsal-ventral divide of the striatum, Trends in Neurosciences, Volume 27, Issue 8, 1 August 2004, Pages 468-474.


 * Alexander GE, DeLong MR, Strick PL. Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Annu Rev Neurosci. 1986;9:357-81.


 * Alexander GE, Crutcher MD. Functional architecture of basal ganglia circuits: neural substrates of parallel processing. Trends Neurosci. 1990 Jul;13(7):266-71.


 * CR Gerfen. THE NEOSTRIATAL MOSAIC: Multiple Levels of Compartmental Organization in the Basal Ganglia. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 1992.15:285-320.


 * SN Haber and B Knutson. The reward circuit : Linking primate anatomy and human imaging. Nature Neuropsycopharmacology reviews, 35:4-26, 2010.


 * A Guanella, PFMJ Verschure. A model of grid cells based on a path integration mechanism. ICANN 2006, Part I, LNCS 4131, pp 740-749, 2006.


 * Michael J. Frank. Hold your horses: A dynamic computational role for the subthalamic nucleus in decision making. Neural Networks, 19, (2006): 1120–1136.


 * Boris Aleksandrovsky, Fernando Briicher, Gary Lynch, and Richard Granger. "Neural Network Model of Striatal Complex". Book Title : Biological and Artificial Computation: From Neuroscience to Technology; Book Series : Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Publisher : Springer Berlin / Heidelberg; Volume : 1240/1997; Year : 1997; pages : 103-115.


 * Arthur Leblois, Thomas Boraud, Wassilios Meissner, Hagai Bergman, and David Hansel. Competition between Feedback Loops Underlies Normal and Pathological Dynamics in the Basal Ganglia. The Journal of Neuroscience, March 29, 2006, 26(13):3567–3583.


 * JM Tepper & D Plenz. Microcircuits in the striatum : striatal cell types and their interactions. Book Title : "Microcircuits : The Interface Between Neurons and Global Brain Function." Cambridge MA, The MIT Press, 2006.


 * AC Kreitzer. Physiology and pharmacology of striatal neurons. Annual Reviews Neuroscience, 2009, 32:127-147.

Oznozz (talk) 23:10, 31 March 2010 (UTC) 
 * I just realized that I was referencing items in both the "striatum" article and the Primate basal ganglia system in the above discussion. In any case, I have deleted the phrase about toric topology in both articles.

Oznozz (talk) 23:17, 31 March 2010 (UTC)

Citation for entopeduncular distinction
The section on the GPi contains the statement: "The medial pallidum is the internal "segment" of the globus pallidus (GPi, Pallidum mediale), though absolutely similar to the lateral, is phylogenetically younger, as it appears only in primates. The entopeduncular nucleus of non-primate is not its equivalent. It does not have indeed a separate territory in the thalamus since its axons end together with nigral ones. In this respect the entopeduncular nucleus would rather be a lateral intracapsular extension of the nigra."

This seems counter to many articles that refer to the EP as homologous or equivalent, can you cite this information? It is fascinating and I would dearly like to read it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.114.194.13 (talk) 21:10, 3 July 2010 (UTC)

Misdirection
The frontal lobe efferents anteriorly and the occipital goes posterior to make striatal connections??? that is kinda hard to believe, but maybe I'm not getting something in the corticostriatal section. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.48.15.225 (talk) 02:24, 30 September 2010 (UTC)