Talk:Rape culture/Manifestions

Introduction
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Manifestations of rape culture
According to Michael Parenti, rape culture manifests through the global acceptance of rapes as an everyday occurrence, and even a male prerogative. It is exacerbated by police apathy in handling rape cases, as well as victim blaming, reluctance by the authorities to go against patriarchial cultural norms and practices, as well as fears of stigmatization from rape victims and their families. Sociologists posit that rape culture links nonconsensual sex to the cultural fabric of a society, where patriarchial world views, laced with mysoginy and gender inequality, are passed from generation to generation, leading to widespread social and institutional acceptance of rape. Feminists and sexual activists conceptualize rape cultures that encourage gender violence, as well as perpetuate 'rape myths', ranging from treating rape as merely 'rough sex' to blaming the victim for inviting rape. Such 'rape myths' are social messages that command women to assume pre-defined gender roles concerning sexual behavior. . In addition, rape culture can manifest when third parties separate the violence from the general reputation and character of the perpetrators. According to political scientist Iris Marion Young, victims in rape cultures live in fear of random acts of oppressive sexual violence that are intended to damage or humiliate the victim. Others link rape culture with modernisation and industrialisation, arguing that pre-industrial societies tend to be 'rape free' cultures, since the lower status of women in these societies give them some immunity from sexual violence. In industrial rape cultures, women emerge from their homebound roles and make their presence felt in the workplace and other areas traditionally dominated by men, increasing male insecurities that lead to them using rape as a countering method. Others also link rape culture to environmental insecutiries, where men objectify women as part of their struggle to control their immediate environment. It is also linked to gender segregation, and the belief that rape proves masculinity. Other manifestations of rape culture include denial of widespread rape , institutional apathy towards the problem of rape, minimization of rape cases by government officials , and excusing rapists as social anomalies.