Talk:Startle response

Startle reaction/reflex
This article only recognizes the acoustic startle reaction. The visual startle reflex is more complex but has some interesting features, namely Subliminal Distraction.

The basics of the visual startle reflex begins with subliminal sight and the subliminal detection of threat movement. This system functions in the background of consciousness. It will break your concentration with a startle if threat movement is detected while you slightly dissociate to perform knowledge work or daydream.

Basic information on this is in first semester psychology psychophysics.

Subliminal Distraction arises from the fact that there are no off switches for sensor cells in your eyes and ears. If stimulus reaches them neural impulses go to the brain over noral channels.

L K Tucker 69.1.46.40 (talk) 04:09, 27 December 2007 (UTC)

VisionAndPsychosis.Net(I own the copyright for this site. It is a five-year investigation of SD.)

I have an exagerrated startle response since a traumatic event several years ago. At the time, my startle response went through the roof. As the 'crisis' passed, my response went down, but it never returned to normal. On a scale of 1-10, with 1 being normal, its a 2 or 3. I am always somewhat more sensitive to any kind of stimulus. Now and then, I go through a period of a few days when I'm really jumpy, but then it subsides again. It has NO correlation with fear, etc. The 'crisis' I went through that precipitated the startle reaction is long since resolved, and I have no more worry or concern than anyone else; but it left me with this permanent neurological deficit, along with a few others--  mild parathesia from time to time, a very mild postural tremor, etc. No one would ever know I have any of these deficits, not even my wife, unless I told them-- it is so mild, its unobservable, only I notice these things. But my brain was definitely "reset" by the aforementioned episode, and my PTSD took the described form. The brain is a strange thing! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 169.253.4.21 (talk) 18:32, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

Isn't involuntary vocalisation part of the startle reflex?
It's not included in the article, but often, people "yelp" or cry out without intent as a reaction to a startling stimulus whether visual, auditory, or tactile. Info on this would be great to include in this article.--99.252.199.159 (talk) 21:43, 2 September 2010 (UTC)

PSYCH EDIT 101
For Arae91, your contribution helped. Also, good job on putting a cite on what a moro reflex is. Overall, you did a good job on citing all the information. Lastly, i just added a link to the moro reflex to the wikipedia of it.Khaycee18(talk) —Preceding undated comment added 04:25, 10 October 2011 (UTC).

Moro Reflex versus Startle Reflex
This article made a distinction between the Moro and startle reflexes in infants, but this distinction isn't supported by any reference (and was actually contradicted by one of the citations). See, , , ,. I couldn't find a single reference, notable or otherwise, that distinguished between the two. I will update this article appropriately. Cory Donnelly (talk) 13:35, 24 March 2012 (UTC)

Moved for possible incorporation here
This text was found at Jumping Frenchmen of Maine, where it doesn't belong; it may be useful here if others can verify it. Sandy Georgia (Talk) 04:53, 13 December 2012 (UTC)

Neurophysiology
A startle reflex can occur in the body through a combination of actions. A reflex from hearing a sudden loud noise will happen in the primary acoustic startle reflex pathway consisting of three main central synapses, or signals that travel through the brain.

First, there is a synapse from the auditory nerve fibers in the ear to the cochlear root neurons (CRN). These are the first acoustic neurons of the central nervous system. Studies have shown a direct correlation to the amount of decrease of the startle to the number of CRNs that were killed. Second, there is a synapse from the CRN axons to the cells in the nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis (PnC) of the brain. These are neurons that are located in the pons of the brainstem. A study done to disrupt this portion of the pathway by the injection of PnC inhibitory chemicals has shown a dramatic decrease in the amount of startle by about 80 to 90 percent. Third, a synapse occurs from the PnC axons to the motor neurons in the facial motor nucleus or the spinal cord that will directly or indirectly control the movement of muscles. The activation of the facial motor nucleus causes a jerk of the head while an activation in the spinal cord causes the whole body to startle.

Reflexes
There are many various reflexes that can occur simultaneously during a startle response. The fastest reflex recorded happens within the masseter muscle or jaw muscle. The reflex was measured by electromyography which records the electrical activitiy during movement of the muscles. This also showed the latency response or the delay between the stimulus and the response. Recorded was found to be about 14 milliseconds. The blink of the eye which is the reflex of the orbicularis oculi muscle was found to have a latency of about 20 to 40 milliseconds. The Jumping Frenchmen of Maine may exhibit the "jumping" reflex from a combination of muscles to move the head, neck, shoulders, arms, and legs. Out of these, the head is quickest in a movement latency in a range from 60 to 120 milliseconds. The neck then moves almost simultaneously with a latency of 75 to 121 milliseconds. Next, the shoulder jerks at 100 to 121 milliseconds along with the arms at 125 to 195 milliseconds. Lastly the legs responds with a latency of 145 to 395 milliseconds. This type of cascading response correlates to how the synapses travel from the brain and down the spinal cord to activate each motor neuron.

what is the startle response?
This article fails to explain what the startle response is.--HD86 (talk) 05:41, 15 December 2013 (UTC)

Involuntary vocalisation.
This needs to be included somewhere. Does anybody have any refs to any such research into this specific topic surrounding the startle reflex? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.113.182.73 (talk) 12:46, 9 May 2014 (UTC)

Bad bunkbed
For me, this attempt to combine the startle response (physiology) with the startle reflex (neurology) does nothing but add to the confusion that seems to persist here. &mdash; MaxEnt 05:14, 20 July 2015 (UTC)

Vestigial muscles related to startle reflex?
Curious about this myself http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/10/vestigial_muscles_try_to_pivot_your_ears_like_a_dog_or_cat_does.html Paper: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26211937 Relevant? Wqwt (talk) 18:43, 24 March 2018 (UTC)

Rounding a corner and being startled by something
. 184.147.189.251 (talk) 01:52, 25 October 2022 (UTC)

Wikipedia Ambassador Program course assignment
This article is the subject of an educational assignment at St. Charles Community College supported by WikiProject Psychology and the Wikipedia Ambassador Program&#32;during the 2011 Q3 term. Further details are available on the course page.

The above message was substituted from by PrimeBOT (talk) on 16:19, 2 January 2023 (UTC)