Talk:Taoism

Wiki Education assignment: Research Process and Methodology - FA23 - Sect 201 - Thu
— Assignment last updated by KawhiKawayi (talk) 16:11, 26 November 2023 (UTC)

Inconsistent spelling throughout
This article currently has 546 occurrences of words beginning 'Tao' and 362 beginning 'Dao', which is inconsistent to put it mildly. Having read the discussion above re pronunciation, shouldn't they all be Dao, apart from a few specific cases? Masato.harada (talk) 12:27, 19 December 2023 (UTC)


 * No, the consensus in this article has been "Tao". There are some inconsistencies, but some instances of "Dao" may be in quotes, which shouldn't be changed. Remsense  留  02:40, 20 December 2023 (UTC)
 * I'm pretty sure they're interchangeable. 76.145.181.225 (talk) 03:18, 9 January 2024 (UTC)
 * They are, but consistency within an article is important. Remsense  留  03:18, 9 January 2024 (UTC)

Revert
As I've just said in the GAR, tens of hours of work would be required to get this article back to what I would see as GA status. However, I think it may be far easier to start with a mass revert to the state of the article a year ago. Unfortunately, this would undo a lot of the worthwhile work by Javierfv1212 in particular, which would need to be reintegrated as appropriate. If this is agreed, I would be happy to do this work myself. I don't like suggesting this, but I wouldn't if I didn't think it wasn't the easiest and fastest way to save this article. Remsense 留  15:32, 30 December 2023 (UTC)


 * After further GAR input, I think a considered partial revert followed by measured reintroduction of material is the best way to go: I'll be going through section by section. Remsense  留  20:59, 9 January 2024 (UTC)

Taoism vs Daoism: "Taoism" is an historical "mispronunciation"
Michael Carr’s article, "Whence the Pronunciation of 'Taoism,'" in the note refers to the “mispronunciation with [t]” which it blames on “the Wade-Giles  romanization of the unvoiced unaspirated Chinese  in dào [tau].” (p. 58) Wade-Giles uses apostrophes to indicate aspiration, which “no uninitiated English-speaking person could guess how to pronounce.” He gives a precise explanation of differences but says the Chinese is nearer to “Dow.” (60)

He concludes: ”Because the clumsy Wade-Giles system became the standard Chinese romanization, “Tao” was misread as [tau], and this mistake spread into English borrowings from Chinese.” (p. 62) The note refers to Table 3, "Pronunciations of Taoism in British Dictionaries,” and Table 4 for American ones, but not as authority for correct pronunciation but as evidence of how widely this mistake has spread. Carr is writing in Dictionaries, a journal for specialists, and among his conclusions is that “a thorough purging of Wades-Gilesian misreadings is overdue.” (p. 68) BTW, Carr's article is industrial strength, as Table I shows 17 historical dialectical pronunciations in 7 Chinese dialects.

Sometime when I have a decade to spare I will propose correcting Wikipedia usage. ch (talk) 22:05, 3 January 2024 (UTC)


 * I'm not sure what precise point is being made here: do you want to characterize as a mispronunciation? I don't see any general justification for that: "Taoism" isn't a Chinese word, it's an English one, and words adapt to the phonetic inventories of the languages they're in. Most English words would never be realized with an unaspirated  at the onset anyhow.  Remsense  留  22:18, 3 January 2024 (UTC)
 * Sure, you are right that we say "Rome," not "Roma," and "Moscow," not "Moskva," and often "Chiang Kai-shek," not "Jiang Jieshi," though the usage is more and more to pinyin place-names, such as Guangzhou, not Canton. I just wanted to give more details here than I think the article needs in order to explain to more sophisticated editors such as you why I made the edit. Also Carr's article is a pretty thorough attack on "Taoism," so I thought it was relevant. If you are the one who found it, we are endebted to you.ch (talk) 22:35, 3 January 2024 (UTC)
 * Huh? Carr's article seems to be biased towards a pro-pinyin stance, but in fact neither is phonetically correct, "Tao" was never meant to be a direct phonetic equivalent to the actual pronunciation of the character, any more than it was meant to be a phonetic approximation, and it serves that purpose quite well if we compare "tao" and "dao" from an English speaker's point of view, for example. In fact, it seems rather misleading to quote Carr to explain why we now call it Taoism rather than Daoism most of the time. As an additional example, most postal romanisations and ad hoc names given to newborns, especially even in recent times in overseas Chinese diasporas such as Singapore, tend to match Wade-Giles more often than Pinyin, which is something of a testament to the logic behind Wade-Giles as demonstrated here, whereas Carr seems to argue that it is a systemic error that has somehow even permeated the Chinese community itself. Qwinntrell (talk) 12:30, 15 January 2024 (UTC)
 * All the romanizations, including those not mentioned here, such as the systems used historically in Russia or on the continent, are meant to approximate the pronunciation in standard Mandarin. The pinyin "d" allows English speakers to pronounce much closer to standard Mandarin. Pinyin is now the official romanization around the world, even in Taiwan, not just in Wikipedia. Carr is not "biased," any more than Gallileo was biased in favor of a heliocentric planetary system, he is simply presenting the evidence. For practical reasons I am not proposing moving this article or going through and changing "Taoism" to "Daoism," but I would go with "Daoism" if we were starting over.ch (talk) 18:09, 3 February 2024 (UTC)
 * I understand, but the fact remains that Taoism is the predominant spelling preferred worldwide, historically and today. This has nothing to do with official romanisation schemes, which are in fact not used in Taiwan, Singapore and elsewhere in the world for conventional place names, terms of cultural interest and personal names, among other things. Carr's accusation against Wade-Giles is subjective to begin with, and actual evidence of ad hoc naming has shown with greater conclusiveness how Wade-Giles actually comes closer to approximating sounds, especially in bilingual communities and diasporas where this practice is still prevalent today. The pinyin "d" does not allow English speakers to pronounce much closer to standard Mandarin. The difference between d and t in Mandarin is that the t is aspirated (accompanied by a puff of air) and the d is not. However, in English, the d is hard and voiced and it is made by the tongue tip against the alveolar ridge and does not touch the teeth. My own name is proof of this, as my parents named me with a p instead of a pinyin b, which follows a similar pattern. Saying "Taoism" is a historical "mispronunciation" is a gross distortion of the history and facts that led to the coinage of the romanised term. Starting from scratch with 'Daoism', while well-intentioned, is quite frankly revisionist and prescriptive, inappropriate to the contemporary usage of an already common and widely recognised name. I hope that's clear, thanks. Qwinntrell (talk) 08:31, 23 February 2024 (UTC)
 * I know what you mean, but of course it's revisionist, we're trying to ensure we're reflecting the outside world as it changes. I mean—it depends entirely on whether you feel [d] or [tʰ] is closer to [t]. And of course it's subjective, it's a question of sensory perception. It makes sense that native English speakers hear [d] as closer to [t], and I think there's also an argument for Standard Chinese, since
 * if there's a meaningful "distance" between phones, I'm sure we can agree [d] is closer to [t] than it is to [tʰ], since it's a voicing distinction versus a voicing distinction a aspiration distinction
 * /t/ and /tʰ/ are already a phonemic pair in Standard Chinese
 * in real-life situations when surrounded by voiced phones, unvoiced consonants often freely vary to some degree with their voiced counterparts, regardless whether the language makes a phonemic distinction.
 * In other news, is "Daoism" on track to be the WP:COMMONNAME? Probably, but I really don't care when we decide that happens. It matters very little. Remsense  诉  09:01, 23 February 2024 (UTC)
 * I just happened to stop by, but as far as I know, Taoism is the old Pinyin (or whatever, I don't know about Pinyin). Maybe it's still used modernly for the common public - I do not know. in scholarly readings, I only ever encounter it as Daoism modernly. Shen Dao has not been Shen Tao since Graham's Disputers of the Tao (1989). He is Shen Dao starting in 1992.FourLights (talk) 05:05, 26 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Don't actually see anyone here discussing or attempting to demonstrate that Taoism is the common name.FourLights (talk) 08:29, 26 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I would disagree that "Taoism" is the preferred spelling worldwide. Both the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy and Yale University write it as "Daoism."
 * Even our sources state that "dao" is the more common English pronunciation regardless of spelling. Zoozoor (talk) 15:49, 21 April 2024 (UTC)
 * For what it's worth, I would support standardizing the spelling to Daoism throughout the article, in line with the pronunciation and modern Pinyin transliteration. Montgolfière (talk) 08:00, 26 June 2024 (UTC)

Tick-tock
Compare these Ngrams:


 * English (2019)


 * American English (2019)


 * British English (2019)

Why does English (2019) differ from the American and British component corpora? Other regional accents of English ? ~ Keahapana (talk) 00:42, 4 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Interesting. "Taoism" would include reprints of older titles, which would create duplication, but that doesn't answer your question why Taoism scores higher. Since "English" includes publications in any country, not just Great Britain and America, is it possible that including other countries gives a different result? We're dealing with awfully small numbers here, so they could be easily thrown off by a small change in the sample represented in Google Books.ch (talk) 05:13, 5 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Thanks. Sorry, what small numbers? According to Google Books, the American corpus has 155 billion words and the British 34 billion. Keahapana (talk) 19:57, 8 February 2024 (UTC)

Page organizational concepts
Has wikipedia considered developing any kind of sub-article within-article interface concept? FourLights (talk) 08:04, 26 June 2024 (UTC)