Talk:Telaga Batu inscription

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Somebody just add a huge addition of article that is poorly written that I suspect was generated from Indonesian language through auto-translate. Nevertheless it contains valuable informations. Meanwhile until somebody willing to spent some time to rewrite this parts in correct english, I just put it here.Gunkarta (talk) 07:49, 1 March 2013 (UTC)



Inscribed stone (stele) Palas is located in the village Pasemah Palas, Palas subdistrict, South Lampung. As we drove toward the city of Bandar Lampung Bakauheni, about 20 km from the port of Bakauheni MTA will find the intersection of the center lane Palas and Lampung. We, too, turn right and go as far as 10 miles to arrive at the historical tourist sites Palas.

Inscribed stone inscriptions Pasemah Palas is a kingdom of Srivijaya relics discovered in 1957 in Palas Pasemah, Kalianda area, Lampung. Consists of 13 rows, but row-1 through the 3rd missing. The contents of the inscription originally discussed by Prof.. Dr. Buchari in the article: Buchari, "An Old Inscription of Srivijaya Malay at Palas Pasemah (South Lampung)", Pre Srivijaya Research Seminar, Center for Archeological Research and National Heritage, Jakarta, 1979.

Need to ask a lot of people along the village road Palas, so as not to miss when looking for the location. This inscription is as less promoted, but the site where the inscription was well maintained Palas Village Road was a smooth asphalt that divides the village with beautiful scenery and exotic.

Palas inscribed stone inscription is one of the stele inscriptions persumapahan Sriwijaya. "Persumpahan inscriptions", i.e. inscriptions containing curses and threats for those who oppose or do not want to devote to the king of Srivijaya. The term "parsumpahan" is derived from the Srivijaya king himself, as contained in such inscriptions. Srivijaya inscription inscription belonging persumpahan are inscriptions Telaga Batu, Kota Kapur, Karang Berahi, and Palas Pasemah. Perhaps in the future will still be found inscriptions persumpahan others.

Inscription Telaga Batu found in 1935 in Telaga Batu, Sabukingking 2 Ilir, Palembang. Consisting of 28 lines, the state emblem decorated in the form of a naga with seven heads Srivijaya. Now stored at the National Museum, Jakarta, with a number D.155. The inscription was first published by Prof. Dr. Johannes de Casparis Gijsbertus in the book: J.G. de Casparis, Indonesia Inscription II: Selected inscriptions from the 7th to the 9th Century AD, the Department of Antiquities of the Republic of Indonesia, The New, Bandung, 1956.

Kota Kapur inscription discovered in 1892 in the Kota Kapur, Jetty Mundo, the west coast of the island of Bangka. Consisting of 10 lines, and numbered at the Museum Center D.90. The inscription was first discussed by Prof. Dr. Hendrik Kern in the article: H. Kern, "Van De Inscriptie Kota Kapur", Bijdragen Koninklijk Instituut (BKI), deel 67, 1913.

Karang inscriptions found passion in 1904 at Karang Berahi, Jambi. Consists of 16 rows, first transcribed by prof. Dr. Johannes Nicholaas Krom in the article: N.J. Krom, "Van De Karang Inscriptie Brahi", Tijdschrift Bataviaasch Genootschap (TBG), deel 59, 1920.

Palas Pasemah inscriptions found in 1957 in Palas Pasemah, Kalianda area, Lampung. Consists of 13 rows, but row-1 through the 3rd missing. The contents of the inscription originally discussed by Prof. Dr. Buchari in the article: Buchari, "An Old Inscription of Srivijaya Malay at Palas Pasemah (South Lampung)", Pre Srivijaya Research Seminar, Center for Archeological Research and National Heritage, Jakarta, 1979.

Of the four pieces persumpahan inscription above, only one of which dates to the year, the Kota Kapur inscription carved in the year 608 Saka (686 AD). Therefore the content of the inscriptions are almost the same, then it is very likely all persumpahan inscriptions were carved in the same year.

Who is the king of Srivijaya who issued inscriptions persumpahan it? Let's look at the contents of the inscriptions carved Talang Tuwo two years earlier. Talang Tuwo inscription begins with the sentence:

Swasti CRI. 606 çakawarsatita dim dwitiya çuklapaksa quarterly caitra, there tatkalanya parlak this çriksetra niparwuat, Parwan Dapunta Cri jayanaça hyang.

Translation in now:

"Happy, successful. Saka year 606 passed the second day of the month paroterang Caitra (March 23 = 684), it is the time the (construction) Sriksetra park has finished, under the order of Dapunta Hyang Sri Jayanasa. "

Here we get the full name of the king of Srivijaya: Dapunta Hyang Sri Jayanasa. If between the years 684 and 686 there is no change of the king, then that's what he would issue a persumpahan inscriptions.

In the last line of the inscription Kota Kapur listed the following caption:

“çakawarsatita 608 dim pratipada çuklapaksa wulan waiçakha, tatkalanya yang mangmang sumpah ini nipahat, di welanya yang wala çriwijaya kaliwat manapik yang bhumi jawa tida bhakti ka çriwijaya”.

"Saka year 608 passed the first day of the month paroterang Waisaka (February 28 = 686), time to spell this oath carved, when the Srivijaya elapse troops invaded Java land that is not devoted to the Srivijaya."

Above description shows the background and motivation expenditure persumpahan inscriptions by the king of Srivijaya. Apparently Dapunta Hyang Sri Jayanasa worried that the rebellion arose within the jurisdiction of Srivijaya Srivijaya as troops stormed the island of Java is being deployed. As a preventative measure, issued a clear warning Dapunta Hyang throughout his realm, as we can read the inscriptions on all persumpahan:

kadaci itu urang karna bhumi ini kadatuan ajnyanya parawis, drohaka wangun, samawuddhi drohaka lawan, mangujari drohaka, niujari drohaka, tahu padam drohaka, tida marpadah ya, ya tida bhakti semua, tak ya saya tatwarjawa di lihat nigalarku Sanyasa datua, dhawa wuatnya urang Inan, niwunuh sumpah ya, ya tapik nisuruh mulang parwandan çriwijaya datu, Talu muah lihat gotrasantananya ya.

"Wherever there are people in this kingdom's territory entirely, build iniquity (rebellion), cooperation with the mutineers, mutineers, rebuke, reprimand mutineers, in agreement with the mutineers, he did not obey, he is not filial, he was not faithful to me by the leaders of the region that called, wicked deeds, he will be killed oath, he would be told to attacking on the orders of the king Srivijaya, will be crushed him with all his family. "

Read the contents of the inscriptions persumpahan above, it can be imagined that Dapunta Hyang is a brilliant politician. Before he launched an expansion into foreign territory, domestic stability is noticed. Surely persumpahan inscriptions were placed on the countries that allow the emergence of insurgency. Until now persumpahan inscriptions recently discovered in Palembang, Bangka, Jambi and Lampung. This shows that the power of Srivijaya in the year 686 had at least cover these areas.

The existence of persumpahan Telaga Batu inscriptions in Palembang cause Prof. Dr. Sukmono refused locations in the capital of Palembang Srivijaya. In his "On Localization of Srivijaya", Report of the First National Congress of Sciences, Volume 5, Assembly Sciences Indonesia, Djakarta, 1958, Sukmono ask the following questions (adapted to EYD 1972): "If indeed the capital of Palembang Srivijaya, could make sense that curses in the form of terrible threats is actually enshrined in the capital? Could it be the capital of its own citizens thus threatened by the king? "

Prof. question. Sukmono this needs to be answered with another question: "Does not make sense that rebellion may occur in the capital? Is not that time the capital is empty without power, because the army is being mobilized to invade Java Land? "

The revolt in the capital are even more dangerous than a rebellion in the lands of subordinates, as they may be done by people close to Dapunta Hyang and directly related to the central government. Dapunta Hyang certainly not ignore the existence of such a coup of the "grand coalition" of high officials of the kingdom. That is why he sees the need to give warnings and threats in the capital of Srivijaya.

In the history many of us find that a ruler was stabbed by the enemy in the blanket, when the rulers were busy thinking about the problem of "foreign". This happens, for instance, the king of the Kingdom Singhasari Kertanagara the 13th century. Kertanagara Singhasari send massive troops into Malayu (Pamalayu) in anticipation of a possible attack from Mongol armies of China to the archipelago, but he was negligent in Singhasari own attention to security. Vassals, Jayakatwang of Kadiri, to exploit the situation for the overthrow of the throne Kertanagara. This is the consequence if a ruler to ignore security in the capital.

Telaga Batu inscription proves that the kingdom of Srivijaya's capital in Palembang, because the inscription mentions a lot of public office only to be found in the capital of a country. The content of Telaga Batu inscriptions third to the fifth row are as follows:

“kamu wanyakmamu, rajaputra, prostara, bhupati, senapati, nayaka, pratyaya, hajipratyaya, dandanayaka, ....murddhaka, tuhaan watakwuruh, addhyaksi nijawarna, wasikarana, kumaramatya, çatabatha, adhikarana, karmma...., kayastha, sthapaka, puhawang, waniyaga, pratisara, kamu marsi haji, hulun haji, wanyakmamu urang, niwunuh sumpah dari mangmang kamu kadaci tida bhakti di aku”.

"You all: the son of kings, ministers, regents, commander, princes, officials, court officials, judges, .... murddhaka, chairman of the workers, supervisors commoners, weapons experts, the board of the youth, sportsmen, construction workers, karmma ..., clerk, architect, skippers, merchants, captains, ye servants palace, the palace, all men, were killed when the oath of spells you do not worship me. "

Positions listed above only the inscription Telaga Batu, and not mentioned or mentioned in the inscriptions persumpahan others. Therefore it is the positions of high office in a government, of course, its officials living in the capital. By itself the inscription must be installed in an environment inhabited by the officials. On that basis it can be concluded that the center of Srivijaya Kingdom government is very likely located in the vicinity of Telaga Batu, Palembang.