Talk:USCGC Northwind (WAGB-282)

Removal of references
I removed the following references, since they weren't actually included in the article other than as a list at the end. If there is something they can add to the article, please re-add them using the proper syntax at WP:CITE. ScottSteiner (talk) 11:03, 19 March 2011 (UTC)
 * 1. U.S. Department of Homeland Security. United States Coast Guard Historian's Office.


 * 2. Cutter File, United States Coast Guard Historian's Office.


 * 3. Robert Scheina. Coast Guard Cutters and Craft of World War II. Annapolis, Maryland, US Naval Institute Press, 1981.


 * 4. Robert Scheina. Coast Guard Cutters and Craft, 1946-1990. Annapolis, Maryland, US Naval  Institute Press, 1990.


 * 5. U.S. Department of Homeland Security. United States Coast Guard, .Arctic, Antarctic & Polar Expeditions. Icebreaking & Other Ice Operations (Including Operations in Alaska, Greenland,the Bering Sea and the International Ice Patrol)


 * 6. U.S. Department of Homeland Security. United States Coast Guard Historian's Office usage policy: Web Site Privacy & Security Policy. Ownership.


 * 7. Icebreakers,http://www.thuleab.dk


 * 9. Personal journals, photographs, and papers of the late CWO3 Thomas James "Tom" Lynn, USCG. Ret. Assistant Engineer/Chief Maschinist and Engineer Watch Officer in Northwind 1967 to 1969.


 * 10. PH1 Eberhard Werner, USCG and BT3 Harley Brooks, USCG. The Norther Cruise Book 1969. Marceline, Missouri, Wallsworth Publishing Company, 1969.


 * 11. U.S. Department of Homeland Security, United States Coast Guard. Medals and Awards Manual. COMDTINST M1650.25D. May 2008. http://www.uscg.mil/directives/cim/1000-1999/CIM_1650_25D.pdf


 * 12. Title 14 U.S.C. http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/usc.cgi?ACTION=BROWSE&TITLE=14USCPI

Awards and honors
The ship's (hereinafter, unit) awards are not to be confused with personal awards. Unit awards are worn by the unit and not by the crew. Personal awards are worn by the crew and not by the unit. The datum in the "Awards and honors" table reflects two facts: 1. The unit received various awards for distinct accomplishments during certain time periods. 2. The unit's crew was eligible for certain awards for specific service during distinct time periods.

The fact that that a crewmember was eligible for an award does not mean the crewman received it (I have personal experience in this mates). The criterion for eligibilty of the these awards and decorations are contained in the U.S. Coast Guard's Medals and Awards Manual COMDTINST M1650.25D. May 2008. http://www.uscg.mil/directives/cim/1000-1999/CIM_1650_25D.pdf NB: The criteria for the National Defense Service Medal (NDSM) is the same for all branches of the U.S. Armed Forces. Semper Paratus, Tjlynnjr (talk) 08:23, 22 March 2011 (UTC).
 * Thanks for clearing that up. I was thinking maybe we should clean up/get rid of that section anyway and try working them into the article instead. It's probably fine to have the few honors in the infobox, but having a huge list of crew/ship awards doesn't really add much to the article. A short section in the relevant section would probably suffice or it could be shortened to be similar to this featured article: USS_Wisconsin_(BB-64)
 * Also, just from looking at some other ship articles these might be some good sections to add:
 * Ship's seal
 * Naming
 * Design and construction
 * Commanding officers
 * ScottSteiner ✍  10:39, 7 April 2011 (UTC)
 * I have info on design and constuction, it would add three or four short paragraphs to the article. Not sure what you mean by "naming" and "ship's seal". I have documents which feature the ship's seal (embossed), similar to a notary public seal. Semper Paratus. Tjlynnjr (talk) 09:00, 11 April 2011 (UTC).

Researching awards
I am currently searching NavPers 17,790 Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual. Wash. D.C. 1959 edition. Upates through 1960. Looking for possible other awards. Also searching other editions of same regulations. Tjlynnjr (talk) 10:41, 22 March 2011 (UTC).
 * After researching the above mentioned reference, and AR 600-8-22, it appears that the crew of Northwind was/are eligible for the additional following awards: 1. American Campaign Medal, for service during the period of 28 July 1945 to 02 March 1946. 2. World War II Victory Medal for service during the period of 28 July 1945 to 31 December 1946. NB: All dates inclusive. Providing individuals met the criterion. Tjlynnjr (talk) 01:04, 23 March 2011 (UTC).
 * Northwind's WW II service was entirely within the American Theater of operations. Northwind served during the Korean and Vietnam wars, but not in the aforementioned. Tjlynnjr (talk) 07:28, 23 March 2011 (UTC).

Article needs additional references
I've tagged most of the sections with Refimprove or Unreferenced so that we can see which sections need additional references. I'll look into it later tonight or tomorrow when I get a chance. ScottSteiner (talk) 17:18, 28 March 2011 (UTC)
 * The reference for the disputed (see talk archive) 1946 grounding of Northwind is contained in DANFS. I am unsure how to reference it. Tjlynnjr (talk) 11:14, 30 March 2011 (UTC).

I've gone through a couple sections now and referenced them up. I also added a CO section and did some general copyediting. Here's a list of sources you may want to consult if you have a good library system in your area:
 * Northwest Passage : (the historic voyage of the S.S. Manhatten) - Information on Manhattan expedition as well as Captain McCann's service history
 * Signals, Volume 3; Volume 5 from 1948 - Possible information about Earl Rhodes' time as CO
 * 1958 info
 * 1977 info


 * A Google book search may reveal others as well. I'll see if I can finish fleshing out some of the reference sections over the next couple of days or so, but I don't have access to those books in my area so if you do, that'd be great. ScottSteiner ✍  07:20, 8 April 2011 (UTC)


 * Thank you for the reference work Scott. I could not remember CAPT Phair's name. I have (official USCG) documents from him in Dad's extensive papers. Mr. Lynn and Captain Phair were not really good shipmates. However, he and Captain McCann were tight. Captain McCann was a very benevolent skipper. I have Mr Smith's book about the SS Manhattan trip. Very good book, but there is not much information in the story on Northwind and Himself. I also have Mr Petrow's book on the Kara Sea expedition (Across the Top of Russia). Mr Petrow is still working, and lives in NY, I have had many nice chats with him and his Mrs. It is an exceptional book, I reckon because Mr Petrow served in USCG. I retrieved some "first Bering Sea Patrol in eight years" references and will now attempt to include them in the fancy way you demonstrated to me. Captian McCann crossed the bar several years ago. Mr. Lynn crossed the bar in 1998, after Captain McCann. The McCann family resides in Maine, last I heard. Semper Paratus Tjlynnjr (talk) 20:43, 9 April 2011 (UTC).
 * Besides the book Northwest Passage I also have Where Hell Freezes Over.
 * I first heard of CAPT J. Bresnan from his son:
 * ///BEGIN MESSAGE///Subject: Northwind‏
 * To: tjlynnjr@hotmail.com
 * From: joseph bresnan (guntrain2@yahoo.com)
 * Sent: Sun 6/06/10 4:09 PM
 * To: tjlynnjr@hotmail.com
 * Dear Mr. Lynn, I was tooling around on my FRG 7 shortwave radio this afternoon and I heard the call sign of the Northwind, could not believe my ears. My Dad was the Captain of the Northwind around 1957---58. I was Lucky enough to take a trip with him to the North Pole (Pt. Barrow) to resupply Dew Line. Good to know someone out in the world still remembers a great old ship . Joe Bresnan Jr. ///END OF MESSAGE///.
 * This spring (2011) CAPT Bresnan (USCGA Class of 1932) was inducted into USCGA Hall of Heroes. My search on skippers continues.Semper ParatusTjlynnjr (talk) 08:44, 11 April 2011 (UTC).


 * I've sourced most of the statements that might be challenged and I've also gone through and tagged everything I think needs a reference with &#123;{fact}}, which will display as . If you can find sources to those statements, please add them. I'll list them here also for convenience:
 * 1. She also delivered and dispatched the U.S. Mail for remote Arctic outposts, lightships and lighthouses. She performed law enforcement,[11] search and rescue, ice-escort for other ships and weather observation and reporting.[citation needed] Other duties of the Bering Sea Patrol were fishery monitoring, wildlife study[citation needed]
 * Just the bold part needs references, I found sources for the other jobs.
 * 2. Northwind was a research platform for geophysical studies performed by scientists and students from universities in Alaska, Washington, and California.
 * 3. In 1952 Northwind broke the polar icebreaking record for miles sailed north of the Arctic Circle in one season: 10,029 miles (16,140 km).
 * 4. When the three ships rendezvoused 25 August 1954 off the coast of Melville Island, it was the first time ships sailing from east and west met in the Northwest Passage
 * 5. During this cruise Northwind made the northern-most penetration into Arctic pack ice by any surface vessel in history at the time.
 * 6. The cutter's northern-most penetration into the Arctic pack ice was at 66.35°N 167.29°W on 13 March 1970. This broke her 1967 surface vessel record by 9 miles (14 km), and set a new record.
 * 7. Prior to decommissioning Northwind went on a goodwill cruise to Canadian and U.S. ports.
 * 8. An effort to preserve Northwind in her homeport alongside the USS North Carolina failed,
 * This one is particularly troubling, since I searched a bunch of newspapers in google books and found nothing.
 * Hopefully after that, assuming there is no more info to add, we can submit it for a peer review/copyedit and get it upgraded from Start/C to B ScottSteiner ✍  05:30, 12 April 2011 (UTC)
 * The job details of Bering Sea Patrol (BSP) are contained in Northwind history, the Bering Sea article "Fog, Men and Cutters", CG Firsts and Ice Chronology at USCGHO. Right now I cannot find the ref I included for "Fog Men and Cutters". I may have screwed this up. The Bering sea patrol was a regularly scheduled, ongoing event, some refs are also in the resource you found regarding the Chuckchi sea survey, at Google Books. I have not found one source that is all encompassing in details of the BSP. Wildlife study (tagging polar bears etc) was done by UA, USC, and UW, scientists and students, who actually sailed in Northwind over the years. Crew assisted them in these efforts. My ref to "geophyiscial" I reckoned to be all inclusive for the sciences, the term was used only once in the CEAREX report, as far as I know. "Research platform" was added by me, a more modern term, it is not contained in any Northwind ref. It is used in contemporary CG Ice Opns articles. While on BSP cutters were required to assist vessels in distress as needed. Wildlife study was even included in the very early days of the BSP, it was combined with sealing law enforcement (counting the herds, tagging etc). My search for skippers was yielding little, good that you got rid of it. Thanks for cleanup....too many other vessel skippers mentioned...they have their own mention in respective vessel articles. I would like to re-enter the actual Northwind skippers, where appropriate. The refs to skippers appear to be ok, refs to CAPTs Phair and McCann compare favourably to Dads papers (Officer Efficiency Reports). In the case of CAPT Bresnan, there is a USN ref to him later skippering Northwind. He served in WW II and commanded a vessel during a major landing and was awarded a decoration for it. The CG at the time was operating under Dept of the Navy. I will try to find it. Mentioning the skippers may be beneficial to a future reader, as is the case with the recently created, CAPT Thomas (Opn HiJmp)
 * In case you are a weapons afficiando, there were at least four M2's and several M60s. There were a multitude of M16s (crew) and 45s M1911xx (officers), revolvers Mod 10 S&W (pilots), and shotguns. Over the years major weapons systems were (improved and) slowly removed. The ribbons display at USS Wisconsin article should represent the awards of the crew. These ribbons are frequently painted on ships, both sides, near the bridge. The current CG awards manual covers this. There is a misconception regarding this by non-naval folks. It comes from the tradition that the ship is a living entity. "She" has these awards. Crew talking to the ship...."good girl", "come on baby", "come on dog" etc. Some fellers do this with their pick-up trucks.Semper Paratus.Tjlynnjr (talk) 05:34, 13 April 2011 (UTC).
 * One reference doesn't need to cover all the job details of the Bering Sea Patrol, we can just add references after each one it describes (or if there are a lot of them, at the end of the sentence to make it look more presentable). The most important thing is that it is sourced.
 * Geophysical is easily changed if it doesn't accurately describe it, but I couldn't find anything about that specific mission or that those universities were involved.
 * I removed the CO section mainly because it seems to be preferred to have that info included in prose, rather than in list form. I included Thomas because he was notable himself. Ayers I included because he was in charge when they had the runin with the Soviets and it was a pretty notable moment, though not notable enough for him to have his own article. The others didn't seem to be involved in anything notable, so I didn't add them in. ScottSteiner  ✍  07:38, 13 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Very good Scott. I did not care for the skipper list. I will now be brief. I was in a fog with my last ramble. CAPT McCann was notable for the SS Mahatttan expedition, the expedition also caused an international uproar. The Kara sea expedition with CAPT Ayers was an international incident as you note. Good fix on Hedgehog/ depthcharge rack thing. As you noted, these are two different weapons systems, although they are both anti-sub. Please see Section: 1960, paras 1 and 5. UW, USC, UA are there already. These were surveys conducted during Bering Sea Patrols (BSP). Here is a better clarification: (I think) Northwind conducted BSP, during which she did an ice survey, oceanographic survey and looked for seagulls. Most of the stuff done was during BSP. Rescues, etc took Northwind away from BSP temporarily. These were missions as well, but were within the scope of BSP. Hope this makes sense. Semper ParatusTjlynnjr (talk) 03:07, 14 April 2011 (UTC).
 * A list of commanding officers is no longer needed. The complete list is at the Northwind page at USCG Historian's Office, now in PDF. After long and unsucessful research I finally realised that the reference to the failed efffort to preserve Northiwnd as a museum ship in Wilmington NC was a part of this article before I started editing. Tjlynnjr (talk) 21:44, 3 April 2012 (UTC).
 * I have removed sentence in paragraph "Decommissioning" (An effort to preserve Northwind in her homeport alongside the USS North Carolina failed,[citation needed]). No reference for this has ever been found and furthermore this sort of story was an oft repeated rumour for many ships. Tjlynnjr (talk) 19:54, 5 August 2013 (UTC).

Const para added
Construction second paragraph source :. http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Icebreakers.asp. U.S. Warships of World War II by Paul H. Silverstone published by Doubleday and Company in 1965(?) pg 378 sources dimensions, armament, launch, and postwar names and operators.Sammy D III (talk) 23:44, 10 December 2012 (UTC)

References for Operation High Jump CG aviators.
On 15 January 1947 the first helicopter flight to base "Little America" in Antarctica took place. The pilot was LT James A. "Jim" Cornish, USCG (CG Aviator 149) and he carried Chief Photographer's Mate Everett Mashburn as his observer. They flew from USCGC NORTHWIND (WAGB-282) (NRFJ), in an HNS-1 Sikorsky R-4, No. 39043 aka "The Flying Penguin"

A total of 128 flights were made in the helicopter during Operation High Jump. USCGC NORTHWIND had a J2F-6 amphibian and a HNS-1 (Sikorsky R-4) helicopter aboard. A total of 128 flights were made in the helicopter during Operation High Jump.

The three pilots in NORTHWIND were: LT. James A "Jim" Cornish, CG Aviator 149 (later CAPT, Ret.), LT. David "Dave" Gershowitz CG Aviator 232 and CG Helo Pilot 7 (later CAPT, Ret) and Naval Aviation Pilot First Class John A. "Jack" Olsen. (CG enlisted NAP).

USCG Historian's Office. January Daily Chronology of Coast Guard History http://www.uscg.mil/history/Chron/Chronology_Jan.asp Retrieved: 17 January 2015.

USCG Historian's Office. U.S. Coast Guard Firsts, Lasts and/or Record Setting Achievements: Aviation. http://www.uscg.mil/history/faqs/firstsindex.asp Retrieved 17 January 2015. Semper Parartus Tjlynnjr (talk) 21:16, 17 January 2015 (UTC).

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20101207070354/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/b4/beltrami-i.htm to http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/b4/beltrami-i.htm

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