Tamanic languages

The Tamanic languages are a small group of languages of Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan: The Tamanic languages are not closely related to other languages on Borneo. Instead, they belong to the South Sulawesi languages, most probably in one branch together with Buginese.
 * Embaloh (incl. Kalis)
 * Taman (Taman Dayak)

Sound changes
Here is a list of sound changes from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian into various Tamanic languages.

Consonants

 * Phonemic mergers:
 * *D merges into d.
 * *j merges into s, but merges into d following *n.
 * *h, *q merge into ∅, however, in word-final positions their outcomes still differ.
 * *z merges into d.
 * Lenition in intervocalic positions:
 * *-b- > -w- (sometimes deletes).
 * *-d- > -r- (original *D and *z are also affected).
 * *-ŋ-, *-k- > -∅- in Taman (*takut > ataut).
 * When geminated or following a nasal consonant, the original phonemes remain.
 * *l is assimilated to r before r in the same or following syllable (*ulaR > urar "snake").
 * In Taman, *r is further dissimilated to n after *r (urar : uran).
 * Development of final glottal stop (-ʔ) of mostly unexplained origin.
 * *-q > -ʔ, but *-h > *-∅
 * Other occurrences are hypothesized from an original Proto-Malayo-Polynesian phoneme -ʔ.

Vowels

 * *aya, aV > *a: (qi Daya > Embaloh ira:)
 * In Taman, it was sometimes reflected as ɛ: (Malay lain > lɛ:n).
 * *u was dissimilated to i before *u in the following syllable (*tumpul > timpul "blunt").
 * *ay, *ey and *aw, *ew were monophthongized into e and o, respectively.
 * *-iq and *-uq became -e and -o respectively.

West Kalimantan groups
Some Tamanic-speaking Dayak ethnic subgroups and their respective languages in West Kalimantan province, Indonesia:


 * {| class="wikitable"

! Group !! Language !! Regency
 * Kalis || Kalis || Kapuas Hulu
 * Lau' || Lau' || Kapuas Hulu
 * Tamambalo || Tamambalo || Kapuas Hulu
 * Taman || Taman || Kapuas Hulu
 * }
 * Tamambalo || Tamambalo || Kapuas Hulu
 * Taman || Taman || Kapuas Hulu
 * }
 * }