Tarrytown, New York

Tarrytown is a village in the town of Greenburgh in Westchester County, New York. It is located on the eastern bank of the Hudson River, approximately 25 mi north of Midtown Manhattan in New York City, and is served by a stop on the Metro-North Hudson Line. To the north of Tarrytown is the village of Sleepy Hollow (formerly "North Tarrytown"), to the south the village of Irvington and to the east unincorporated parts of Greenburgh. The Tappan Zee Bridge crosses the Hudson at Tarrytown, carrying the New York State Thruway (Interstates 87 and 287) to South Nyack, Rockland County and points in Upstate New York. The population was 11,860 at the 2020 census.

History
The Native American Weckquaesgeek tribe, who were closely related to the Wappinger Confederacy and further related to the Mohicans, lived in the area prior to European settlement. They fished the Hudson River for shad, oysters and other shellfish. Their principal settlement was at what is now the foot of Church Street near the Hudson River shore, between the current location of Losee Park and the Tappan Zee Bridge, at a place they called Alipconk, or the "Place of Elms".

The first European settlers of Tarrytown were Dutch farmers, fur trappers, and fishermen. Records show that the first Dutch residence in Tarrytown was built in 1645; however, the exact location of this residence is not known. Tarrytown sits within the lands of the former Dutch Colony of New Netherland which became English territory in 1674 with the signing of the Treaty of Westminster. The name may come from the Dutch tarwe, meaning "wheat".

In 1780, in a famous Revolutionary War incident, Major John André was arrested as a spy in Tarrytown, which exposed the plans of his associate Benedict Arnold. André, a British army officer, was traveling south through the village on the Albany Post Road when he was stopped and searched by three local militiamen. When suspicious papers were found in his boot, he was arrested as a spy, later convicted, and hanged. A circumstantial account of André's capture by militiamen David Williams, John Paulding, and Isaac Van Wart was written in 1903 by the owner and publisher of the Tarrytown Argus, Marcius D. Raymond.

The writer Washington Irving described Tarrytown in "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" (1820). Irving began his story, "In the bosom of one of those spacious coves which indent the eastern shore of the Hudson, at that broad expansion of the river denominated by the ancient Dutch navigators of the Tappan Zee, and where they always prudently shortened sail and implored the protection of St. Nicholas when they crossed, there lies a small market town or rural port which by some is called Greenburgh, but which is more generally and properly known by the name of Tarry Town. This name was given, we are told, in former days, by the good housewives of the adjacent country, from the inveterate propensity of their husbands to linger about the village tavern on market days." The Underground Railroad ran through Tarrytown prior to the end of the U.S. Civil War.

Tarrytown later became a favorite residence for many rich New Yorkers, including John D. Rockefeller, who first moved to Tarrytown in 1893. Kykuit, Rockefeller's elaborate mansion, was completed in 1906. In 1914, Kykuit became the site of numerous labor protests by radical anarchists, which protests were broken up by police in a series of violent clashes. Kykuit was the intended target of at least two bombing attacks planned by anarchists associated with the radical journalists Alexander Berkman and Luigi Galleani.

On November 19, 1915, a powerful dynamite bomb was discovered at Cedar Cliff, the Tarrytown estate of John D. Archbold, President of the Standard Oil Company. Police theorized the bomb was planted by anarchists and Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) radicals as a protest against the execution of IWW member Joe Hill in Salt Lake City. The bomb was discovered by a gardener, John Walquist, who found four sticks of dynamite, weighing a pound each, half hidden in a rut in a driveway 50 feet from the front entrance of the residence. The dynamite sticks were bound together by a length of wire, fitted with percussion caps, and wrapped with a piece of paper matching the color of the driveway, a path used by Archbold when going to or from his home by automobile. The bomb was later defused by police.

The Christ Episcopal Church, First Baptist Church of Tarrytown, Foster Memorial AME Zion Church, Washington Irving High School, North Grove Street Historic District, Patriot's Park, and Tarrytown Music Hall are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Lyndhurst and Sunnyside are listed as National Historic Landmarks.

The General Motors car manufacturing plant North Tarrytown Assembly was located in North Tarrytown until 1996. Today's Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line runs through the abandoned property.

Sleepy Hollow Mayor Philip Zegarelli, in March 2007, met with Tarrytown Mayor Drew Fixell and district superintendent Howard Smith to discuss forming a blue-ribbon panel that would explore the pros and cons of an intermunicipal agreement. The two villages have shared a school district for 55 years. The villages already shared some services, as well, to lower their expenses, but the greatest reductions, especially in school and property taxes, would come from merging the two villages. However, each village has its own assessment roll. Zegarelli, who led an unsuccessful attempt in the mid-1970s to disaffiliate Sleepy Hollow from the town of Mount Pleasant, continues to advocate for secession – Sleepy Hollow from Mount Pleasant and Tarrytown from Greenburgh – as another way to save money. "If the idea is to save money, why have two levels of government?" he asked. The town of Mount Pleasant blocked Sleepy Hollow's effort to secede, largely because it did not want to lose tax revenue from General Motors, Zegarelli said.

In 2014, Tarrytown was ranked second in the list of the top 10 places to live in New York, according to the national online real estate brokerage Movoto.

Geography and climate
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 5.7 sqmi, of which 3.0 sqmi is land and 2.7 sqmi (47.54%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 11,090 people, 4,533 households, and 2,765 families residing in the village. The population density was 3,724.7 PD/sqmi. There were 4,688 housing units at an average density of 1,574.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 77.44% White, 7.04% African American, 0.22% Native American, 6.49% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 5.29% from other races, and 3.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16.17% of the population.

There were 4,533 households, out of which 26.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.5% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.0% were non-families. 31.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.95. In the village, the population was spread out, with 19.7% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 34.8% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.8 males. The median income for a household in the village was $68,762, and the median income for a family was $82,445. Males had a median income of $61,699 versus $41,054 for females. The per capita income for the village was $39,472. About 1.8% of families and 4.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation
Tarrytown has access to highways I-87 and I-287, and is the site of the eastern end of the New York State Thruway's Tappan Zee Bridge. I-87 continues south to New York City, while I-287 heads east across Westchester to link up with the Saw Mill River Parkway, the Sprain Brook Parkway, the Merritt Parkway/Hutchinson River Parkway and I-95.

Tarrytown railway station is served by Metro-North Railroad commuter service. Metro-North trains go to New York City's Grand Central Terminal, and also go as far north as Poughkeepsie. Tarrytown is a major stop on the Hudson Line due to a large number of commuters crossing the Tappan Zee Bridge on Hudson Link buses from Rockland County to catch express service to Manhattan.

Bee-Line Bus System service is also provided within Tarrytown:
 * BL1T: Tarrytown Railroad Station, Getty Square intermodal transit hub in Yonkers, or IRT 242nd Street Station, Bronx
 * BL1W: White Plains, Getty Square intermodal transit hub in Yonkers, or IRT 242nd Street Station, Bronx (via NY 119)
 * BL13/BL13B: Ossining Railroad Station or Port Chester

Points of interest

 * Lyndhurst, a Gothic Revival mansion formerly owned by Jay Gould
 * Sunnyside, historic home of author Washington Irving
 * Tarrytown Music Hall, one of the oldest surviving theaters in Westchester County; one of 6% in the US built before 1900
 * Tappan Z Gallery Contemporary and Fine Art Gallery in the heart of Main Street
 * Marymount campus of Fordham University
 * Reformed Church of the Tarrytowns
 * Foster Memorial AME Zion Church
 * Hackley School
 * Historical Society Serving Sleepy Hollow and Tarrytown
 * Carrollcliffe
 * Tarrytown Reservoir
 * Tarrytown Lighthouse
 * Washington Irving High School

Education
Tarrytown was home to Marymount College, an independent women's college established in 1907. Amid financial struggle, Marymount was taken over by Fordham University in 2002, but the effort was unsuccessful: the last graduates of "Marymount College of Fordham University" received diplomas in 2007. The historic hilltop campus was sold to the Swiss firm EF and became a branch of its foreign exchange secondary school, the EF International Academy.

Local public schools are operated in concert with the neighboring village of Sleepy Hollow. A joint association, Public Schools of the Tarrytowns, supervises four separate K-8 schools, as well as Sleepy Hollow High School. A Roman Catholic elementary, the Transfiguration School, was established in 1949 and is maintained by the local parish.

Tarrytown is also home to the Hackley School, a private K–12 college preparatory. Situated on Castle Ridge, the school first opened in 1899.

The Westchester Library System has its headquarters just outside Tarrytown in an unincorporated area of Greenburgh.

Culture
In 2018 Brooke Lea Foster of The New York Times stated that it was one of several "Rivertowns" in New York State, which she described as among the "least suburban of suburbs, each one celebrated by buyers there for its culture and hip factor, as much as the housing stock and sophisticated post-city life." Of those, Foster stated that Irvington was "the most charming".

Religion
Tarrytown's churches (many of which are located on Broadway, the village's largest thoroughfare) cover all major denominations. Tarrytown is served by Episcopalian, Baptist, Catholic, Christian Science, Methodist, Reformed, and Korean churches. The Foster Memorial AME Zion Church on Wildey Street is the oldest black church in Westchester County. Tarrytown's single largest religious denomination is Roman Catholicism, with over 60% of residents of Tarrytown and Sleepy Hollow identifying as Catholics. Three Roman Catholic churches (Church of the Transfiguration, Immaculate Conception Church, and St. Theresa's) serve the community's Catholics and provide numerous social services including the Transfiguration School. Tarrytown is also the home of the motherhouse of the Religious of the Sacred Heart of Mary, a Catholic woman's religious order that founded and staffed the now-defunct Marymount College (now EF School).

Tarrytown also has a large Jewish community, which encompasses all major denominations. Temple Beth Abraham, located on Leroy Avenue, services both the Reform and Conservative communities. The DoubleTree Inn features a Glatt Kosher kitchen, as well as an Orthodox prayer service (minyan) on the Jewish sabbath (Shabbat). The local Jewish Community Center, JCC on the Hudson, features family programs, camps, and educational opportunities from a non-denominational approach.

Notable people
Notable current and former residents of Tarrytown include:
 * Louis Klopsch, world famous Christian philanthropist and editor of the Christian Herald, buried in the Tarrytown Cemetery
 * Jacob M. Appel, author
 * Adam Badeau, Union Army brevet brigadier general and author
 * J. David Bleich (born 1936), rabbi and authority on Jewish law and ethics
 * Tim Maia, Brazilian singer, a.k.a. "Jimmy the Brazilian", lived in Tarrytown for a time during the late 1950s and early 1960s (1959-1963) before being arrested in Miami and deported back to his South American home country after a stint of six months in jail.
 * Cabell "Cab" Calloway, III (December 25, 1907 – November 18, 1994), jazz singer and bandleader
 * Greg Fitzsimmons, comedian
 * Stuart W. Frost, entomologist, author, and professor at Pennsylvania State University
 * Barbara Bel Geddes, actress in Dallas
 * Eric Gaffney, former band member of Sebadoh
 * Charles Griffes, composer and educator
 * Milo Hastings, early 20th century science fiction writer and health food advocate
 * Washington Irving, writer and diplomat
 * Caitlyn Jenner, Olympian athlete
 * Bill Kerr, professional football player
 * Moon Kook-jin, founder of Kahr Arms
 * Carolyn Ringer Lepre, academic administrator
 * Kevin Meaney, stand-up comedian and actor
 * Norman Mingo, illustrator
 * Sylvia Nasar, author recognized for A Beautiful Mind
 * Florence Oberle, actress
 * Moses F. Odell, congressman
 * Clara Claiborne Park (1923–2010), author who raised awareness of autism
 * Brett Pesce, professional hockey player for the New Jersey Devils
 * William Prince, actor
 * Joe Queenan, writer
 * Jenifer Rajkumar, politician
 * David Sanborn, musician
 * Jerome David Salinger, writer
 * Jesse Lee Soffer, actor
 * Sam Tanenhaus, American historian, biographer, editor of The New York Times Book Review and Week in Review, and journalist
 * Mark Twain, writer
 * Mark Whipple, football coach
 * Vanessa L. Williams, actress
 * Rockwell Kent, artist, illustrator

Films

 * The 1962 release of The Brain That Wouldn't Die was shot in and around Tarrytown in 1959
 * In the movie On the Waterfront, Edie mentions that St. Ann's, the Catholic college where she is studying to be a teacher, is in Tarrytown, out in the country.
 * Main character in the movie The Commuter (2018) lives in Tarrytown.
 * The 2000 festive movie The Family Man was filmed in and around Tarrytown.

Music

 * The Frankie Valli song "Patch of Blue" (1970) references the town.
 * The Vampire Weekend song "Finger Back" (2013) references the town.

Literature

 * Washington Irving's story "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" is set in and around Tarrytown. The name "Sleepy Hollow" comes from a secluded glen located north of Tarrytown. In 1996, the residents of North Tarrytown (a village north of Tarrytown around the area of Sleepy Hollow) voted to formally change the village's name to Sleepy Hollow.
 * Jessica Verday's young adult novel The Hollow is a modern interpretation of the events of Irving's story, and is likewise set in the Tarrytown and Sleepy Hollow area.
 * The Ellery Queen novel The Dragon's Teeth is set primarily in Tarrytown.
 * Gabrielle Zevin's young adult novel Memoirs of a Teenage Amnesiac is set primarily in the Tarrytown/Sleepy Hollow area.
 * Judy Blume's children's novel Otherwise Known as Sheila the Great is mostly set in Tarrytown, where the title character and her family spend their summer vacation.
 * In F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Beautiful and Damned, millionaire Adam Patch's estate is said to be in Tarrytown.

Television

 * In the TV series Divorce, Frances Dufresne lives in nearby Hastings and opens an art gallery on Main Street in Tarrytown.
 * In the TV series Forever, episode 21 takes place in Tarrytown.
 * In the TV series Mad Men, Betty Draper plans to take her children on an antiquing trip to Tarrytown (Season 3, Episode 2), and her and Don's third child, Eugene Scott Draper, is born here.
 * In 1970s sitcom Rhoda, Marion, the ex-wife of Rhoda's husband Joe, lives in Tarrytown.
 * In season 3 episode 25 (Sons and Lovers, Part 2) of the TV series "Will & Grace", Karen Walker says that she can imagine her friend Grace Adler living in Tarrytown.
 * The children's TV series Jay Jay the Jet Plane centered on aircraft that live in Tarrytown.

Theater

 * The Tarrytown Widow, farcical comedy written by Charles T. Dazey, 1897.
 * Tarrytown, a chamber musical by Adam Wachter which premiered in 2017.

Video games

 * In The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild and The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom, Tarrey Town and its founder Hudson are named after Tarrytown and the nearby Hudson River.
 * Tarrytown is going to be included as a playable location in the upcoming Penny Blood video game (spiritual successor of the Shadow Hearts series of games, a franchise well known for its usage of places which exist, or existed before, in real life).