Tequistlatec language

Tequistlatec was the Chontal language of Tequisistlán town, Oaxaca. Highland Oaxaca Chontal is sometimes also called Tequistlatec, but is a distinct language.

Vocabulary
Word list derived from de Angulo and Freeland (1925):


 * {| class="wikitable sortable"

! gloss !! Chontal of Tequixistlan !! notes
 * sky || maa ||
 * sun || fonar ||
 * sunlight; hot; light, firelight || nyu ||
 * day || kina ||
 * morning (dawn) || pukia || (? < pu "to go out" + kine "day")
 * night || pugi ||
 * last night || timba ||
 * tomorrow || moggi || (cf. pugi "night")
 * late, late in the day, evening || mui || (cf. tomorrow)
 * to be late in the day || ka ||
 * moon; month || mura ||
 * star || lusero (Sp.) ||
 * fire || ngwa ||
 * ashes || pigg || (cf. stone)
 * charred wood, coal, charcoal || çna’ ||
 * cold || sita ||
 * to burn || nas, pi’ ||
 * to boil || mb’ula ||
 * to dry || hur ||
 * earth, soil, land, ground || mas, mats ||
 * mountain || mala ||
 * stone || pih ||
 * salt || weh ||
 * sand || puçi ||
 * ravine || nya ||
 * water || xa ||
 * river || pana’ m’am ||
 * to bathe || pos ||
 * sea || maxa || (cf. water, river)
 * air || ba ||
 * to last, pass || xika ||
 * week || çamana (Sp.) ||
 * (Perfect) || -pa, -ba ||
 * (Continuative) || -ngu (sg.), -mi (pl.) ||
 * (Present Future) || -ma (sg.), -me (pl.) ||
 * (Imperative) || -ra (sg.), -re (pl.) ||
 * (temporal suffix of obscure meaning) || -li ||
 * (Andative) || -kiç ||
 * (Causative) || -mu ||
 * (Impending Future) || -ga (sg.), -ri ||
 * high, long || tçogi ||
 * low, short || koki ||
 * big || be ||
 * little || taç, tçofi, tyof ||
 * out, outside, outdoors || nia ||
 * after || hoy, toy || (also used as "in order to", "with")
 * one || nula, nuli ||
 * two || kwesi ||
 * three || fane ||
 * four || malbu ||
 * five || mage ||
 * six || kandjiç ||
 * seven || kote ||
 * eight || malfa ||
 * nine || pela ||
 * ten || mbama ||
 * eleven || 10 + 1 ||
 * twelve || 10 + 2 ||
 * fifteen || 10 + 5 ||
 * twenty || nuçans || (? < nuli çans "one person")
 * thirty || 20 + 10 ||
 * thirty-five || 20 + 10 + 5 ||
 * forty || 2 X 20 ||
 * fifty || 2 X 20 + 10 ||
 * fifty-five || 2 X 20 + 10 + 5 ||
 * sixty || 3 X 20 ||
 * eighty || 4 X 20 ||
 * hundred || masno ||
 * two hundred || 2 X 100 ||
 * four hundred || 4 X 100 ||
 * yes || akya, oy ||
 * not || tçi, tçite ||
 * so, positive || oy, ony ||
 * much || yeste, yate ||
 * like, as || tor ||
 * with || ki or k + ... (fusion) ||
 * if || or ||
 * deer || mar || now used for cattle (at present benadu < Sp.)
 * horse || kabayu (Sp.) ||
 * jaguar || vesma, tigre (Sp.) ||
 * dog || tsigi ||
 * sheep || siggo ||
 * goat || tçibo (Sp.) ||
 * hog || kutçi (Sp.) ||
 * squirrel || tsetse ||
 * rabbit || koneçu (Sp.) ||
 * chicken || giti, puyu (Sp.) || probably originally the word for turkey
 * egg || piyi ||
 * parrot || genge, utçu ||
 * crow || bo’, pumli ||
 * snake || nvofar ||
 * lizard || moh ||
 * turtle || çiba ||
 * fish || tu’u ||
 * shrimp || tiçmu ||
 * bee || diçir ||
 * wax || pasi ||
 * honey || kofa ||
 * fly || hangwa ||
 * scorpion || nyayçpo ||
 * tree, wood, plant || eh ||
 * grass || pasto (Sp.), ça (doubtful) ||
 * leaf || pela ||
 * pine-nut || weka ||
 * gourd, squash || aba ||
 * cactus, nopal || pala ||
 * chile, pepper || kasi ||
 * sugar cane || pah ||
 * plátano, banana || owe, labe ||
 * tomato || ngone ||
 * corn, maize || kosa’ ||
 * bean || r’ane ||
 * flower || pipi ||
 * person || sans (sg.), sanu (pl.) ||
 * man, adult || kwe (sg.), gurbe (pl.) ||
 * old man; old || kano ||
 * young man, boy, youth; young || muli ||
 * woman || tee (sg.), deya (pl.) ||
 * old woman || kyopaya || (see "adult")
 * girl || bata ||
 * child (either sex), daughter, son || ’wa (sg.), naske (pl.) ||
 * baby, infant (either sex) || çer ||
 * husband || pewe || (pi semi-possessive + kwe man)
 * wife || pete || (pi semi-possessive + tee woman)
 * paramour || kye ||
 * to marry || man, pan, panu ||
 * grandfather || kube || (cf. "man")
 * father || ’ai’, ’yayi’ ||
 * mother || mama ||
 * elder brother; uncle || sapi (sg.), sarpi (pl.) ||
 * younger brother; younger sister || bepo ||
 * older sister; aunt || nota ||
 * I || ya ||
 * thou || ma ||
 * he || gge ||
 * we || yã ||
 * ye || mã ||
 * they || re ||
 * it || i (sg.), n (pl.) || an indefinite demonstrative pronoun equivalent to "he", "the", "that", etc.
 * the || al, dal, gal, la ||
 * thine || ak ||
 * indefinite possessive article || pi ||
 * what? || kya ||
 * pretty || tçili ||
 * grown up, adult || tyopa || (see "old woman")
 * stranger || gwaya ||
 * Chontal || fale ||
 * Zapotec || nye ||
 * Yalalag || xoço ||
 * Tehuantepec || uçia ||
 * Oaxaca || pampala ||
 * Tequixistlan || al riya || i.e., "the village"
 * head || fa ||
 * neck || nukma ||
 * face || ’a || (cf. "head")
 * eye || ’uh ||
 * to see, look || mai, sin, çin ||
 * mouth || ko ||
 * tooth || ai’ ||
 * to eat || te, tes ||
 * to drink || sna, çna ||
 * to swallow || n’u’, n’uk ||
 * to feed a drink || k’ai ||
 * to taste good || xana ||
 * sweet || çuçki, tçutski ||
 * bitter || kwah ||
 * poison || çi ||
 * tongue || pala ||
 * word, language || taygi ||
 * to speak, tell, say || go ||
 * to ask || n’uma ||
 * to sing || ça ||
 * to cry || poh, hoh ||
 * to call || hoy ||
 * nose || ’nali ||
 * shoulder || çaye ||
 * to have, hold, get || oy, tuç, tçu || (cf. "yes, good, positive")
 * to lift || bana ||
 * to give || kay ||
 * to sell || ku’ ||
 * to buy || n’a ||
 * to steal || nans ||
 * to work, make, do || pa, pas, pat ||
 * to work || patçu || ("make-have")
 * to throw || ohm ||
 * to hit || na ||
 * to put, place || ponf ||
 * knee || nyingole ||
 * thigh || pate (Sp.) ||
 * to go || ’wa (sg.), lye (pl.) ||
 * let’s go || endza ||
 * to come || pa ||
 * to run || nu, nyu ||
 * to jump || tsolu ||
 * to meet together || kyo, to, tyo ||
 * to visit || nulka ||
 * to walk || tas ||
 * to go with, to accompany || lek, legg ||
 * way, road || ne ||
 * to go out, to pass || pu ||
 * to pass by || kas, ka ||
 * to leave, abandon || gansa ||
 * to ascend, go up || fha ||
 * to bring || ’u ||
 * to take out || kan ||
 * to send || gah’m || (cf. "to go")
 * to carry || ’wa || (same as "go")
 * to stand || kas ||
 * to stop || ’ay ||
 * to sit || pah, pan ||
 * to fall || kye || imperative: ter
 * hair || fah || (see "head")
 * flesh, meat || ci’ ||
 * hide (of animals) || çimi || (cf. "meat")
 * leather || baketa (Sp.) ||
 * nail || nalu ||
 * breast || pare ||
 * milk || letçe (Sp.) ||
 * belly || kun ||
 * back || napo ||
 * heart || nusma, nuçma ||
 * liver || bi ||
 * kidney || rinyon (Sp.) ||
 * blood || fas ||
 * to be, exist (essentially) || pa ||
 * to live, to exist || laç ||
 * alive || çax ||
 * to die || ma ||
 * to bury || muya ||
 * to sleep || çma, sma ||
 * to awake || çmafa ||
 * to wish, will, want || he ||
 * to love || fu ||
 * to know || çina ||
 * to hurt || kwan ||
 * to play, to amuse oneself to go visiting (cf. Sp. pasear) || sans || (cf. "people" sans)
 * thought || fa ||
 * to think || fasmu || (thought + Causative)
 * to cut || ke ||
 * knife || nabaxa, kutçilu (Sp.) ||
 * to kill || man || (cf. ma "die")
 * to frighten || çpatsa ||
 * hay || sakate (Sp.) ||
 * field || nyagga || (< nya "outdoors")
 * to sow || fa ||
 * brown sugar, panela || pana (Sp.) ||
 * clothes || tçale, manta (Sp.) ||
 * hat || speba ||
 * guepil (woman’s blouse) || perkasko ||
 * petticoat || bofai ||
 * trousers || sarber ||
 * shoe || kai’ ||
 * to dress || me ||
 * house || xur, hur ||
 * village || riya ||
 * plaza || naxki || (< n’a "to buy")
 * door || puerta (Sp.) ||
 * table || mes (Sp.) ||
 * chair || çila (Sp.) ||
 * bench || bangu (Sp.) ||
 * bed || kanga ||
 * hammock || some ||
 * cushion || tifle ||
 * cage || xaula (Sp.) ||
 * metate || djima ||
 * tenate (woven basket) || tapa ||
 * petate (straw mat) || pihma ||
 * jicara (smalled bowl) || laba ||
 * cantaro (jug) || xuti ||
 * olla || piçu ||
 * apaxtle (cooking stone) || pogo ||
 * comal || kwahi ||
 * fork || trintçe ||
 * spoon || kutçara (Sp.) ||
 * plate || pimi ||
 * food, meal || tefa, xaybe ||
 * bread || in ||
 * sugar || asukra (Sp.) ||
 * tortilla || skur ||
 * chocolate || txura ||
 * money || tomi ||
 * to dance || soy ||
 * church || soykye || (cf. "to dance")
 * to pray || sa, ça || (cf. "to sing")
 * santo, idol, sacred, holy || ndyuç, nuç ||
 * music || poh ||
 * }
 * pretty || tçili ||
 * grown up, adult || tyopa || (see "old woman")
 * stranger || gwaya ||
 * Chontal || fale ||
 * Zapotec || nye ||
 * Yalalag || xoço ||
 * Tehuantepec || uçia ||
 * Oaxaca || pampala ||
 * Tequixistlan || al riya || i.e., "the village"
 * head || fa ||
 * neck || nukma ||
 * face || ’a || (cf. "head")
 * eye || ’uh ||
 * to see, look || mai, sin, çin ||
 * mouth || ko ||
 * tooth || ai’ ||
 * to eat || te, tes ||
 * to drink || sna, çna ||
 * to swallow || n’u’, n’uk ||
 * to feed a drink || k’ai ||
 * to taste good || xana ||
 * sweet || çuçki, tçutski ||
 * bitter || kwah ||
 * poison || çi ||
 * tongue || pala ||
 * word, language || taygi ||
 * to speak, tell, say || go ||
 * to ask || n’uma ||
 * to sing || ça ||
 * to cry || poh, hoh ||
 * to call || hoy ||
 * nose || ’nali ||
 * shoulder || çaye ||
 * to have, hold, get || oy, tuç, tçu || (cf. "yes, good, positive")
 * to lift || bana ||
 * to give || kay ||
 * to sell || ku’ ||
 * to buy || n’a ||
 * to steal || nans ||
 * to work, make, do || pa, pas, pat ||
 * to work || patçu || ("make-have")
 * to throw || ohm ||
 * to hit || na ||
 * to put, place || ponf ||
 * knee || nyingole ||
 * thigh || pate (Sp.) ||
 * to go || ’wa (sg.), lye (pl.) ||
 * let’s go || endza ||
 * to come || pa ||
 * to run || nu, nyu ||
 * to jump || tsolu ||
 * to meet together || kyo, to, tyo ||
 * to visit || nulka ||
 * to walk || tas ||
 * to go with, to accompany || lek, legg ||
 * way, road || ne ||
 * to go out, to pass || pu ||
 * to pass by || kas, ka ||
 * to leave, abandon || gansa ||
 * to ascend, go up || fha ||
 * to bring || ’u ||
 * to take out || kan ||
 * to send || gah’m || (cf. "to go")
 * to carry || ’wa || (same as "go")
 * to stand || kas ||
 * to stop || ’ay ||
 * to sit || pah, pan ||
 * to fall || kye || imperative: ter
 * hair || fah || (see "head")
 * flesh, meat || ci’ ||
 * hide (of animals) || çimi || (cf. "meat")
 * leather || baketa (Sp.) ||
 * nail || nalu ||
 * breast || pare ||
 * milk || letçe (Sp.) ||
 * belly || kun ||
 * back || napo ||
 * heart || nusma, nuçma ||
 * liver || bi ||
 * kidney || rinyon (Sp.) ||
 * blood || fas ||
 * to be, exist (essentially) || pa ||
 * to live, to exist || laç ||
 * alive || çax ||
 * to die || ma ||
 * to bury || muya ||
 * to sleep || çma, sma ||
 * to awake || çmafa ||
 * to wish, will, want || he ||
 * to love || fu ||
 * to know || çina ||
 * to hurt || kwan ||
 * to play, to amuse oneself to go visiting (cf. Sp. pasear) || sans || (cf. "people" sans)
 * thought || fa ||
 * to think || fasmu || (thought + Causative)
 * to cut || ke ||
 * knife || nabaxa, kutçilu (Sp.) ||
 * to kill || man || (cf. ma "die")
 * to frighten || çpatsa ||
 * hay || sakate (Sp.) ||
 * field || nyagga || (< nya "outdoors")
 * to sow || fa ||
 * brown sugar, panela || pana (Sp.) ||
 * clothes || tçale, manta (Sp.) ||
 * hat || speba ||
 * guepil (woman’s blouse) || perkasko ||
 * petticoat || bofai ||
 * trousers || sarber ||
 * shoe || kai’ ||
 * to dress || me ||
 * house || xur, hur ||
 * village || riya ||
 * plaza || naxki || (< n’a "to buy")
 * door || puerta (Sp.) ||
 * table || mes (Sp.) ||
 * chair || çila (Sp.) ||
 * bench || bangu (Sp.) ||
 * bed || kanga ||
 * hammock || some ||
 * cushion || tifle ||
 * cage || xaula (Sp.) ||
 * metate || djima ||
 * tenate (woven basket) || tapa ||
 * petate (straw mat) || pihma ||
 * jicara (smalled bowl) || laba ||
 * cantaro (jug) || xuti ||
 * olla || piçu ||
 * apaxtle (cooking stone) || pogo ||
 * comal || kwahi ||
 * fork || trintçe ||
 * spoon || kutçara (Sp.) ||
 * plate || pimi ||
 * food, meal || tefa, xaybe ||
 * bread || in ||
 * sugar || asukra (Sp.) ||
 * tortilla || skur ||
 * chocolate || txura ||
 * money || tomi ||
 * to dance || soy ||
 * church || soykye || (cf. "to dance")
 * to pray || sa, ça || (cf. "to sing")
 * santo, idol, sacred, holy || ndyuç, nuç ||
 * music || poh ||
 * }
 * nail || nalu ||
 * breast || pare ||
 * milk || letçe (Sp.) ||
 * belly || kun ||
 * back || napo ||
 * heart || nusma, nuçma ||
 * liver || bi ||
 * kidney || rinyon (Sp.) ||
 * blood || fas ||
 * to be, exist (essentially) || pa ||
 * to live, to exist || laç ||
 * alive || çax ||
 * to die || ma ||
 * to bury || muya ||
 * to sleep || çma, sma ||
 * to awake || çmafa ||
 * to wish, will, want || he ||
 * to love || fu ||
 * to know || çina ||
 * to hurt || kwan ||
 * to play, to amuse oneself to go visiting (cf. Sp. pasear) || sans || (cf. "people" sans)
 * thought || fa ||
 * to think || fasmu || (thought + Causative)
 * to cut || ke ||
 * knife || nabaxa, kutçilu (Sp.) ||
 * to kill || man || (cf. ma "die")
 * to frighten || çpatsa ||
 * hay || sakate (Sp.) ||
 * field || nyagga || (< nya "outdoors")
 * to sow || fa ||
 * brown sugar, panela || pana (Sp.) ||
 * clothes || tçale, manta (Sp.) ||
 * hat || speba ||
 * guepil (woman’s blouse) || perkasko ||
 * petticoat || bofai ||
 * trousers || sarber ||
 * shoe || kai’ ||
 * to dress || me ||
 * house || xur, hur ||
 * village || riya ||
 * plaza || naxki || (< n’a "to buy")
 * door || puerta (Sp.) ||
 * table || mes (Sp.) ||
 * chair || çila (Sp.) ||
 * bench || bangu (Sp.) ||
 * bed || kanga ||
 * hammock || some ||
 * cushion || tifle ||
 * cage || xaula (Sp.) ||
 * metate || djima ||
 * tenate (woven basket) || tapa ||
 * petate (straw mat) || pihma ||
 * jicara (smalled bowl) || laba ||
 * cantaro (jug) || xuti ||
 * olla || piçu ||
 * apaxtle (cooking stone) || pogo ||
 * comal || kwahi ||
 * fork || trintçe ||
 * spoon || kutçara (Sp.) ||
 * plate || pimi ||
 * food, meal || tefa, xaybe ||
 * bread || in ||
 * sugar || asukra (Sp.) ||
 * tortilla || skur ||
 * chocolate || txura ||
 * money || tomi ||
 * to dance || soy ||
 * church || soykye || (cf. "to dance")
 * to pray || sa, ça || (cf. "to sing")
 * santo, idol, sacred, holy || ndyuç, nuç ||
 * music || poh ||
 * }
 * shoe || kai’ ||
 * to dress || me ||
 * house || xur, hur ||
 * village || riya ||
 * plaza || naxki || (< n’a "to buy")
 * door || puerta (Sp.) ||
 * table || mes (Sp.) ||
 * chair || çila (Sp.) ||
 * bench || bangu (Sp.) ||
 * bed || kanga ||
 * hammock || some ||
 * cushion || tifle ||
 * cage || xaula (Sp.) ||
 * metate || djima ||
 * tenate (woven basket) || tapa ||
 * petate (straw mat) || pihma ||
 * jicara (smalled bowl) || laba ||
 * cantaro (jug) || xuti ||
 * olla || piçu ||
 * apaxtle (cooking stone) || pogo ||
 * comal || kwahi ||
 * fork || trintçe ||
 * spoon || kutçara (Sp.) ||
 * plate || pimi ||
 * food, meal || tefa, xaybe ||
 * bread || in ||
 * sugar || asukra (Sp.) ||
 * tortilla || skur ||
 * chocolate || txura ||
 * money || tomi ||
 * to dance || soy ||
 * church || soykye || (cf. "to dance")
 * to pray || sa, ça || (cf. "to sing")
 * santo, idol, sacred, holy || ndyuç, nuç ||
 * music || poh ||
 * }
 * olla || piçu ||
 * apaxtle (cooking stone) || pogo ||
 * comal || kwahi ||
 * fork || trintçe ||
 * spoon || kutçara (Sp.) ||
 * plate || pimi ||
 * food, meal || tefa, xaybe ||
 * bread || in ||
 * sugar || asukra (Sp.) ||
 * tortilla || skur ||
 * chocolate || txura ||
 * money || tomi ||
 * to dance || soy ||
 * church || soykye || (cf. "to dance")
 * to pray || sa, ça || (cf. "to sing")
 * santo, idol, sacred, holy || ndyuç, nuç ||
 * music || poh ||
 * }
 * tortilla || skur ||
 * chocolate || txura ||
 * money || tomi ||
 * to dance || soy ||
 * church || soykye || (cf. "to dance")
 * to pray || sa, ça || (cf. "to sing")
 * santo, idol, sacred, holy || ndyuç, nuç ||
 * music || poh ||
 * }
 * to pray || sa, ça || (cf. "to sing")
 * santo, idol, sacred, holy || ndyuç, nuç ||
 * music || poh ||
 * }
 * music || poh ||
 * }
 * }