Textual variants in the Book of Judges

Textual variants in the Book of Judges concerns textual variants in the Hebrew Bible found in the Book of Judges.

List
This list provides examples of known textual variants, and contains the following parameters: Hebrew texts written right to left, the Hebrew text romanised left to right, an approximate English translation, and which Hebrew manuscripts or critical editions of the Hebrew Bible this textual variant can be found in. Greek (Septuagint) and Latin (Vulgate) texts are written left to right, and not romanised. Sometimes additional translation or interpretation notes are added, with references to similar verses elsewhere, or in-depth articles on the topic in question.

Judges 1
Judges 1:18

Judges 15
Judges 15:5
 * – WLC
 * καὶ ἐξέκαυσεν πῦρ ἐν ταῖς λαμπάσιν – LXX$Swete$ APB

Judges 18
Judges 18:7
 * – WLC
 * Σιδωνίων, καὶ λόγον οὐκ ἔχουσιν πρὸς ἄνθρωπον. – B LXX$Swete$ LXX$Rahlfs$ Brenton (ἔχουσι)
 * Σιδωνιων και... – LXX$mss$
 * από Σιδώνος και λόγος ουκ ην αυτοίς μετά Συρίας – A APB
 * et procul a Sidone atque a cunctis hominibus separatum. Vg$Colunga&Turrado$
 * See also Dan (ancient city) § Laish.

Judges 18:30
 * – 'many Hebrew manuscripts, some Septuagint manuscripts and Vulgate'.
 * – 'many other Hebrew manuscripts and some other Septuagint manuscripts'
 * καὶ Ἰωναθὰμ υἱὸς Γηρσὸμ υἱὸς Μανασσή – LXX$Swete$
 * και Ιωνάθαν υιός Γηρσών υιόυ Μανασσή – APB
 * "Moses" is thought to be the original reading, which was later changed to "Manasseh" in some manuscripts (but not all) by adding a nun in superscript, in order 'to avoid saying that the grandson of Moses became a priest of false gods'.
 * See also Judges 18 § Verse 30 and Gershom § Priestly connections.

Judges 19
Judges 19:2, see also Levite's concubine
 * wat-tiz-neh ‘ā-lāw pî-laḡ-šōw, (But his concubine was unfaithful to him, or But his concubine played the harlot against him, or But his concubine was angry at him,) – WLC
 * It is disputed whether the first word is derived from zaná (H2181 "to commit fornication/adultery/harlotry, to be a harlot, to play the harlot, to prostitute" ), or  zanákh (H2186 "to reject, spurn, be angry with/at, cast away (off), remove far away (off), desert" ). Traditionally, translators and interpreters have followed the former verb, but some modern scholars prefer the latter verb because this meaning aligns much better with the Greek texts.
 * καὶ ἐπορεύθη ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἡ παλλακὴ αὐτοῦ (And his concubine departed from him) – LXX$נ$ Brenton
 * και ωργίσθη αυτώ η παλλακή αυτού (And his concubine provoked him to anger) – ABP
 * quæ reliquit eum – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:2, see also Levite's concubine
 * καὶ ἀπῆλθεν παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ εἰς οἶκον πατρὸς αὐτῆς (and went away from him to the house of her father) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$
 * καὶ ἀπῆλθε παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ εἰς οἶκον πατρὸς αὐτῆς (and went away from him to the house of her father) – Brenton
 * και απήλθε απ' αυτού εις τον οίκον του πατρός αυτής (and she went forth from him unto the house of her father) – ABP
 * et reversa est in domum patris sui – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:2, see also Levite's concubine
 * wat-tə-hî- šām yā-mîm ’ar-bā-‘āh ḥo-ḏā-šîm. (and was there the days of four months) – WLC
 * καὶ ἦν ἐκεῖ ἡμέρας δ᾽ μηνῶν (and [she] was there days and months) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$
 * καὶ ἦν ἐκεῖ ἡμέρας μηνῶν τεσσαρων (and she was there four months) – Brenton
 * και εγένετο εκεί ημέρας τετράμηνον (and she was there the days of four months) – ABP
 * mansitque apud eum quatuor mensibus – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:3, see also Levite's concubine
 * ὀπίσω (after) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * κατόπισθεν (after or behind) – ABP
 * Secutusque est – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:3, see also Levite's concubine
 * τοῦ λαλῆσαι ἐπὶ καρδίαν αὐτῆς (to speak unto her heart) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * του λαλήσαι επί την καρδίαν αυτής (to speak unto the heart of her) – ABP
 * volens reconciliari ei, atque blandiri – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:3, see also Levite's concubine
 * la-hă-šî-ḇōw, ([and] bring him back) – K
 * la-hă-šî-ḇāh, ([and] bring her back) – Q
 * τοῦ ἐπιστρέψαι αὐτὴν αὐτῷ (to turn her over to him) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton. ἐπιστρέψαι is a probable misspelling of ἐπιτρέπω
 * του διαλλάξαι αυτήν (to reconcile her or to change her mind) – ABP
 * et secum reducere – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:3, see also Levite's concubine
 * wə-na-‘ă-rōw ‘im-mōw wə-ṣe-meḏ ḥă-mō-rîm; (and [having his] young man/boy/servant with [him] and a pair of donkeys) – WLC
 * καὶ νεανίας αὐτοῦ μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ καὶ ζεῦγος ὄνων. (And his young man [was] with him and a pair of donkeys or and he had his young man with him, and a pair of asses) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * και το παιδάριον αυτού μετ᾽ αυτού καὶ ζεύγος υποζυγίων. (And his little boy [was] with him and a pair of beasts of burden) – ABP
 * habens in comitatu puerum et duos asinos: – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:3, see also Levite's concubine
 * καὶ ἥδε εἰσήνεγκεν αὐτὸν εἰς οἶκον (and she brought him into the house) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton. εἰσήνεγκεν = εἰς ("into" or "to(wards)") + φέρω ("to bring") aorist third person singular
 * και επορεύθη έως οίκου (and he went/travelled unto/until the house) – ABP
 * quæ suscepit eum, et introduxit in domum patris sui – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:4, see also Levite's concubine
 * way-ye-ḥĕ-zaq- bōw (detained/restrained him or persuaded him to stay ) – WLC
 * κατέσχεν αὐτὸν (constrained him) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * εισήγαγεν αυτόν (brought him in) – ABP
 * amplexatus est hominem – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:4, see also Levite's concubine
 * ἐπὶ (for or during) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * omitted – WLC ABP Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:4, see also Levite's concubine
 * way-yā-lî-nū ([they] lodged) – WLC
 * ηὐλίσθησαν ([they] spent the night or lodged) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * ύπνωσαν ([they] slept) – ABP
 * omitted – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:18, see also Levite's concubine
 * wə-’eṯ- bêṯ Yah-weh ’ă-nî hō-lêḵ, (and [now] to the house of Yahweh I am going) – WLC Syriac Targum
 * καὶ εἰς τὸν οἶκόν μου ἐγὼ πορεύομαι· (and to my house I am walking) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * και εις τον οίκον μου εγώ αποτρέχω (and to my house I am returning) – ABP. αποτρέχω is a probable misspelling of wikt:ἀποτρέπω
 * et nunc vadimus ad domum Dei – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:24, see also Levite's concubine
 * hin-nêh ḇit-tî hab-bə-ṯū-lāh (Behold my virgin daughter) – WLC
 * ἴδε ἡ θυγάτηρ μου ἡ παρθένος (Behold [singular] the daughter of mine, the virgin) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * ιδού θυγάτηρ μου η παρθένος (Behold [plural] my daughter, the virgin) – ABP
 * Habeo filiam virginem – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:24, see also Levite's concubine
 * ’ō-w-ṣî-’āh- nā wə-‘an-nū ’ō-w-ṯām, (Let me bring them out now, and you rape/force [sexually]/defile/violate/ravish/mistreat/humble/humiliate them) – WLC
 * ἐξάξω αὐτάς, καὶ ταπεινώσατε αὐτὰς (And I will bring them out, and you humble/humiliate them,) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton ABP
 * educam eas ad vos, ut humilietis eas – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:24, see also Levite's concubine
 * wə-lā-’îš haz-zeh lō ṯa-‘ă-śū, də-ḇar han-nə-ḇā-lāh haz-zōṯ. (but unto this man do not so vile a thing (KJV) or but to this man do not commit this rape/folly/villainy/foolishness or vile/disgraceful act/thing/outrage ) WLC
 * καὶ τῷ ἀνδρὶ τούτῳ οὐ ποιήσετε τὸ ῥῆμα τῆς ἀφροσύνης ταύτης. (but to this man you do not do this folly) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$
 * και τω ανδρί τούτω μη ποιήσητε το ρήμα της αφροσύνης ταύτης. (but to this man you should not do the thing of this folly or but to this man do not this folly) – Brenton ABP
 * ne scelus hoc contra naturam operemini in virum. – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:25, see also Levite's concubine
 * way-yê-ḏə-‘ū ’ō-w-ṯāh way-yiṯ-‘al-lə-lū- ḇāh kāl- hal-lay-lāh ‘aḏ- hab-bō-qer, (And they knew / had sexual relations with / raped her, and they mocked//abused/dealt severely with her the entire night until morning) – WLC
 * καὶ ἔγνωσαν αὐτήν, καὶ ἐνέπαιζον ἐν αὐτῇ ὅλην τὴν νύκτα ἕως πρωί (And they knew / had sex with / raped her, and they mocked/ridiculed/abused her the entire night until morning) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$
 * καὶ ἔγνωσαν αὐτήν, καὶ ἐνέπαιζον ἐν αὐτῇ ὅλην τὴν νύκτα ἕως τοπρωί (And they knew / had sex with / raped her, and they mocked/ridiculed/abused her the entire night until the morning) – Brenton
 * και έγνωσαν αυτήν και ενέπαιξαν αυτή όλην την νύκτα έως τοπρωϊ (And they knew / had sex with / raped her and mocked/ridiculed/abused her the entire night until the morning) – ABP
 * qua cum tota nocte abusi essent, – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:25, see also Levite's concubine
 * way-šal-lə-ḥū-hā ba-‘ă-lō-wṯ haš-šā-ḥar. (and when they let her go, the day began to spring.) – K
 * way-šal-lə-ḥū-hā ka-‘ă-lō-wṯ haš-šā-ḥar. (and when they let her go, the day began to break.) – Q
 * καὶ ἐξαπέστειλαν αὐτὴν ὡς ἀνέβη τὸ πρωί. (and let her go when the morning dawned.) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * και εξαπέστειλαν αυτήν άμα τω ανέβη τον όρθρον (and they sent her away at the same time the daybreak ascended.) – ABP
 * dimiserunt eam mane. – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:28, see also Levite's concubine
 * way-yō-mer ’ê-le-hā (And he said to her) – WLC
 * καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτήν (And he said to her) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$
 * και είπε προς αυτήν (And he said to her) – Brenton ABP
 * Cui ille, putans eam quiescere, loquebatur: – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:28, see also Levite's concubine
 * wə-’ên ‘ō-neh; (But [she] did not answer.) – WLC
 * καὶ οὐκ ἀπεκρίθη, ὅτι ἦν νεκρά. (And she did not answer, because she was dead.) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * και ουκ απεκρίθη αυτώ αλλά τεθνήκει (And she did not answer to him, for she had died) – ABP Brenton
 * Qua nihil respondente, intelligens quod erat mortua – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:28, see also Levite's concubine
 * τὸν ὄνον (the donkey) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * το υποζύγιον (the beast of burden) – ABP

Judges 19:29, see also Levite's concubine
 * way-yā-ḇō ’el- bê-ṯōw, (And when he entered into his house) – WLC
 * και εισήλθεν εις τον οίκον αυτού (And he entered into his house) – ABP
 * Quam cum esset ingressus – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$
 * omitted – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton

Judges 19:29, see also Levite's concubine
 * ham-ma-’ă-ḵe-leṯ (a knife) – WLC. A מאכלת (ma'akhélet) was a "knife for slaughtering, butchering, carving"
 * τὴν ῥομφαίαν (a rhomphaia or his sword) – LXX$Swete$ Brenton
 * την μάχαιραν (a makhaira or the knife) – ABP
 * gladium – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 19:29, see also Levite's concubine
 * ἐκράτησεν (seized) – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$
 * ἐκράτησε (seized) – Brenton
 * επελάβετο (took hold of) – ABP

Judges 19:29, see also Levite's concubine
 * la-‘ă-ṣā-me-hā, (limb by limb) – WLC
 * κατά τα όστα αυτής (according to her bones) – ABP
 * cum ossibus suis – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$
 * omitted – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton

Judges 19:29, see also Levite's concubine
 * bə-ḵōl gə-ḇūl yiś-rā-’êl. (throughout the territory of Israel) – WLC
 * ἐν παντὶ ὁρίῳ Ἰσραήλ (to all borders of Israel or to every coast of Israel) – LXX$Swete$ Brenton
 * εις πάσας τας φυλάς Ισραήλ (to all the tribes of Israel) – ABP
 * in omnes terminos Israel – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 20
Judges 20:03, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * καὶ ἐλθόντες εἶπαν – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * και είπαν – ABP
 * Interrogatusque – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 20:05, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * ἐμὲ ἠθέλησαν φονεῦσαι – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * εμέ ηθέλησαν αποκτείναι – ABP
 * volentes me occidere – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 20:05, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * καὶ τὴν παλλακήν μου ἐταπείνωσαν, καὶ ἀπέθανεν. – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$
 * καὶ τὴν παλλακήν μου ἐταπείνωσαν, καὶ ἀπέθανε. – Brenton
 * και την παλλακήν μου εταπείνωσαν και ενέπαιξαν αυτή και απέθανεν. – ABP
 * et uxorem meam incredibili furore libidinis vexantes, denique mortua est. – Vg$Swete$ Vg$Clement$

Judges 21
Judges 21:10, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * και τας γυναίκας και τον λαόν – ABP
 * tam uxores quam parvulos eorum. – Vg$Colunga&Turrado$
 * omitted – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton

Judges 21:11, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * καὶ τοῦτο ποιήσετε· – LXX$Swete$ Brenton
 * και ούτος ο λόγος ον ποιήσετε – ABP
 * Et hoc erit quod observare debebitis – Vg$Swete$

Judges 21:11, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * πᾶν ἄρσεν καὶ πᾶσαν γυναῖκα εἰδυῖαν κοίτην ἄρσενος ἀναθεματιεῖτε, – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * παν αρσενικόν και πάσαν γυναίκα γινώσκουσαν κοίτην άρσενος αναθεματιείτε – ABP
 * omne generis masculini, et mulieres quae cognoverunt viros, interficite; – Vg$Swete$
 * Compare Numbers 31:17.

Judges 21:11, see also Levite's concubine
 * , τὰς δὲ παρθένους περιποιήσεσθε. καὶ ἐποίησαν οὕτως· – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$
 * · τὰς δὲ παρθένους περιποιήσεσθε· καὶ ἐποίησαν οὕτως. – Brenton
 * ; virgines autem reservate. – Vg$Swete$
 * omitted – WLC ABP
 * Compare Numbers 31:18.

Judges 21:12, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * νεάνιδας παρθένους, αἵτινες οὐκ ἔγνωσαν ἄνδρα εἰς κοίτην ἄρσενος, – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * νεάνιδας παρθένους αι οὐκ έγνωσαν άνδρα εις κοίτην άρσενος – ABP
 * virgines, quae nescierunt viri thorum: – Vg$Swete$

Judges 21:12, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * Σηλὼν τὴν – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$
 * Σηλὼμ τὴν – Brenton
 * Σηλώ η εστιν – ABP
 * Silo – Vg$Swete$

Judges 21:14, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * καὶ ἐπέστρεψεν βενιαμεὶν πρὸς τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἰσραὴλ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton ABP
 * Veneruntque filii Benjamin in illo tempore – Vg$Swete$

Judges 21:14, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * καὶ ἔδωκαν αὐτοῖς οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * και έδωκαν αυτοίς – ABP
 * et datae sunt eis – Vg$Swete$

Judges 21:14, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * τὰς γυναῖκας ἃς ἐζωοποίησαν ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων Ἰαβεὶς Γαλαάδ· – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$
 * τὰς γυναῖκας ἃς ἐζωοποίησαν ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων Ἰαβὶς Γαλαάδ· – Brenton
 * τας γυναίκας αίτινες ήσαν εκ των γυναικών Ιαβίς Γαλαάδ – ABP
 * uxores de filiabus Jabes Galaad: – Vg$Swete$

Judges 21:14, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * καὶ ἤρεσεν αὐτοῖς οὕτως. – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton ABP
 * καὶ ἤρεσεν αὐτοῖς οὕτω. – Brenton
 * alias autem non repererunt, quas simili modo traderent. – Vg$Swete$

Judges 21:17, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * οὐκ ἐξαλειφθήσεται φυλὴ ἀπὸ Ἰσραήλ. – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * ου μη εξαλειφθή φυλή εξ Ισραήλ – ABP
 * ne una tribus deleatur ex Israel – Vg$Swete$

Judges 21:22, see also Levite's concubine
 * – K
 * – Q

Judges 21:22, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * πρὸς ὑμᾶς – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$
 * πρὸς ημάς – Brenton ABP
 * adversum vos – Vg$Swete$

Judges 21:22, see also Levite's concubine
 * – WLC
 * Ἔλεος ποιήσατε ἡμῖν αὐτάς, ὅτι οὐκ ἐλάβομεν ἀνὴρ γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ παρατάξει – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * ελεήσατε αυτούς ότι ουκ έλαβεν ανήρ εαυτώ γυναίκα εν τω πολέμω – ABP
 * Miseremini eorum: non enim rapuerunt eas jure bellantium atque victorum: – Vg$Swete$

Judges 21:25
 * – WLC
 * ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ – LXX$Colunga&Turrado$ Brenton
 * εν οφθαλμοίς αυτού – ABP
 * sibi videbatur – Vg$Swete$