The Cab Calloway Orchestra

The Cab Calloway Orchestra, based at the exclusive Cotton Club in Harlem, was, for more than a decade, one of the most important jazz bands in America. Different lineups featured the best available established musicians.

In 1930, Cab Calloway was hired to replace Duke Ellington at the Cotton Club, and recorded for Brunswick and the ARC dime store labels (Banner, Cameo, Conqueror, Perfect, Melotone, Banner, Oriole, etc.) from 1930 to 1932. In 1932, he signed with Victor for a year, but he was back on Brunswick in late 1934 through 1936, when he signed with manager Irving Mills's short-lived Variety in 1937, and stayed with Mills when the label collapsed and the sessions were continued on Vocalion through 1939, and then OKeh Records through 1942.

When the Cotton Club closed in 1940, Calloway and his band went on a tour of the United States.

In 1941 Calloway fired Dizzy Gillespie from his orchestra after an onstage fracas. Calloway wrongly accused Gillespie of throwing a spitball; in the ensuing altercation Gillespie stabbed Calloway in the leg with a small knife.

The band broke up in the late 1940s.

Original band members
The first Cab Calloway Orchestra comprised Earres Prince on piano; Walter "Foots" Thomas and Thornton Blue on alto saxes; Andrew Brown on tenor sax; Morris White on banjo; Jimmy Smith on tuba; and DePriest Wheeler on trombone; Leroy Maxey on drums; R.Q. Dickerson and Lammar Wright on trumpets.

Brass section

 * Trombones: Claude Jones, Lammar Wright, Keg Johnson, DePriest Wheeler, Floyd Marmon(1931–34), Tyree Glenn, and Quentin Jackson.
 * Trumpets: R.Q. Dickerson, Dizzy Gillespie, Mario Bauza, Adolphus "Doc" Cheatham (1931-9 ), Reuben Reeves (1931), Shad Collins (mid-1940s), Paul Webster (mid-1940s), and Jonah Jones.
 * Tuba: Jimmy Smith.

Horn section

 * Saxophones: Thornton Blue, Hilton Jefferson, Ben Webster, Leon "Chu" Berry, Chauncey Haughton, Rudy Powell, Andrew Brown, Walter "Foots" Thomas, Ike Quebec, Arville Harris (1931) and Jerry Blake Ben (Benjamin) Whitted (tenor saxophone).

Rhythm section

 * Piano: Earres Prince, Benny Payne, Dave Rivera (mid-1940s)
 * Guitars: Danny Barker
 * Bass: Al Morgan, Milt Hinton
 * Drums: Leroy Maxey, Cozy Cole, J. C. Heard (mid-1940s)