Timeline of Baghdad

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Baghdad, Iraq.


 * 1) 2000 BCE – Babylonian city of Baghdadu in existence (approximate date).
 * 2) 762 CE
 * 3) *Round City construction begins per Abbasid Caliph al-Mansur.
 * 4) * Al-Khassakiyya mosque built.
 * 5) 767 – Al-Mansur Mosque built.
 * 6) 775 – Bab al-Taq (gate) built.
 * 7) 786 – Harun al-Rashid in power.
 * 8) 794 – Paper mill in operation.
 * 9) 799 – Mashhad al-Kazimiyya built.
 * 10) 812-813 Siege of Baghdad, Fourth Fitna (Islamic Civil War)
 * 11) 814 – City captured by al-Ma'mun.
 * 12) 827 – Tomb of Zobeide built.
 * 13) 836 – Abbasid Caliphate of Al-Mu'tasim relocated from Baghdad to Samarra.
 * 14) 850 – Book of Ingenious Devices published.
 * 15) 855 – Funeral of Ahmad ibn Hanbal.
 * 16) 861 – 11 December: Caliph Al-Mutawakkil assassinated.
 * 17) 865 – City wall built.
 * 18) 865-866 Caliphal Civil War, was an armed conflict during the "Anarchy at Samarra" between the rival caliphs al-Musta'in and al-Mu'tazz.
 * 19) 892 – Abbasid Caliphate of Al-Mu'tamid relocated to Baghdad from Samarra.
 * 20) 901 – Jami al-Qasr (mosque) built.
 * 21) 908 – Al-Khulafa Mosque built.
 * 22) 946 – Battle of Baghdad; Shia Buyids in power.
 * 23) 993 – Dar al-'Ilm (educational institution) founded.
 * 24) 1055 – Seljuq Nizam al-Mulk in power.
 * 25) 1060 – Dar al-Kutub (library) founded.
 * 26) 1066 – Abu Hanifa Mosque restored.
 * 27) 1067 – Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad (college) established.
 * 28) 1095 – City wall rebuilt.
 * 29) 1157 - Siege of Baghdad, Abbasid–Seljuq Wars
 * 30) 1180 – Caliph al-Nasir in power.
 * 31) 1193 – Jami' Zumurrud Khatun (mosque) and Turbat Zumurrud Khatun (tomb) built.
 * 32) 1202 – Minaret of Jami' al-Khaffafin built (approximate date).
 * 33) 1215 – Tomb of Maruf el-Kerkhi built.
 * 34) 1221 – Bab al-Talsim (Talisman gate) built.
 * 35) 1226 - al-Baghdadi compiles  (cookbook).
 * 36) 1228 – Jami' al-Qumriyya Mosque built.
 * 37) 1230 – Al-Qasr al-Abbasi fi al-Qal'a built (approximate date).
 * 38) 1232 – Al-Mustansiriya Madrasah established.
 * 39) 1252 – Shrine of Abdul-Kadir built.
 * 40) 1258 – January–February: City destroyed by forces of Mongol Hulagu Khan during the Siege of Baghdad; most of population killed.
 * 41) 1272 – Marco Polo visits city (approximate date).
 * 42) 1326 – Ibn Battuta visits city.
 * 43) 1357 – Al-Madrasah al-Mirjaniyya built.
 * 44) 1358 – Khan al-Mirjan built.
 * 45) 1393 – City captured by Timur.
 * 46) 1401 – City captured by Timur again.
 * 47) 1405 – Sultan Ahmed Jalayir in power.
 * 48) 1417 – City taken by Qara Yusuf.
 * 49) 1468 – Aq Qoyunlu in power.

16th–19th centuries

 * 1) 1508 - City taken by Persian Ismail I.
 * 2) 1534
 * 3) *Capture of Baghdad by Ottomans.
 * 4) * Mausoleum of Abdul-Qadir al-Gilani built.
 * 5) 1535 – City becomes capital of the Baghdad Eyalet of the Ottoman Empire.
 * 6) 1544 – City taken by forces of Suleiman I.
 * 7) 1578 – Al-Muradiyya Mosque built.
 * 8) 1601 – Coffeehouse built.
 * 9) 1602 – City taken by forces of Abbas I of Persia.
 * 10) 1623 – 23 January: Capture of Baghdad by Safavids.
 * 11) 1625 - Siege of Baghdad, Ottoman–Safavid Wars
 * 12) 1638 – Capture of Baghdad by forces of Ottoman Murad IV.
 * 13) 1682 – Khaseki mosque built.
 * 14) 1683 – City besieged.
 * 15) 1780 – Mamluk Sulayman Pasha the Great in power.
 * 16) 1795 – Mosque-Madrasa of al-Ahmadiyya built.
 * 17) 1799 – City besieged by Wahhabi-Saudi forces.
 * 18) 1816 – Mamluk Dawud Pasha in power.
 * 19) 1823 – Population: 80,000 (estimate).
 * 20) 1826 – Haydar-Khana Mosque constructed in its current form.
 * 21) 1830
 * 22) *British East Indian Company in residence (approximate date).
 * 23) * Plague.
 * 24) 1831 – Flood, then famine.
 * 25) 1841 – Lynch Brothers in business.
 * 26) 1848 – Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baghdad established.
 * 27) 1849 – Remnants discovered of quay of Nebuchadrezzar, from Babylonian city of Baghdadu.
 * 28) 1861 – Istanbul-Baghdad telegraph line installed.
 * 29) 1865
 * 30) * Basrah-Baghdad telegraph line installed.
 * 31) *Alliance Israélite boys' school established.
 * 32) 1869 – Midhat Pasha in power.
 * 33) 1870
 * 34) * Municipal council established.
 * 35) * City walls demolished.
 * 36) 1871 – Population: 65,000.
 * 37) 1880 – Turkish camel post begins operating (approximate date).
 * 38) 1895 – Population: 100,000 (estimate).
 * 39) 1899 – Alliance Israélite girls' school established.

1900s–1940s

 * 1) 1908 – Population: 140,000 (estimate).
 * 2) 1909 – Cinema built.
 * 3) 1911 – Ottoman XIII Corps headquartered in Baghdad.
 * 4) 1912 – Population: 200,000 (estimate).
 * 5) 1914 – October: Samarra-Baghdad railway begins operating.
 * 6) 1915
 * 7) * Istanbul-Baghdad railway begins operating.
 * 8) *Al-Rasheed Street laid out.
 * 9) * Cholera epidemic.
 * 10) 1917
 * 11) * March: Fall of Baghdad (1917); British in power.
 * 12) * Cinema opens.
 * 13) * Rasheed Street becomes the first to be electrically illuminated in Iraq

22. 1948 - Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries
 * 1) 1919 – Guardians of Independence organized.
 * 2) 1920
 * 3) * City becomes capital of the British Mandate of Iraq.
 * 4) *Iraqi revolt against the British.
 * 5) * Maktabat al-Salam (library) established.
 * 6) 1926 – Baghdad Antiquities Museum founded.
 * 7) 1927 – British Imperial Airways begins operating Cairo-Baghdad-Basra flights.
 * 8) 1929 – Al-Maktabatil Aammah (public library) active.
 * 9) 1931 – Strike.
 * 10) 1936 – Military coup.
 * 11) 1940 – Iraqi Music Institute inaugurated.
 * 12) 1941 - Iraqi coup d'état in Baghdad, World War II
 * 13) 1941
 * 14) * May: Anglo-Iraqi War.
 * 15) * June: Farhud (pogrom against Jews).
 * 16) 1944 – Baghdad Symphony Orchestra founded.
 * 17) 1946 – Al-Sarafiya bridge built.
 * 18) 1947 - Population: 352,137.
 * 19) 1948
 * 20) * Uprising.
 * 21) * Popular Theatre Company and filmmaking Studio of Baghdad formed.

1950s–1990s

 * 1) 1952
 * 2) * Uprising.
 * 3) * Modern Theatre Company formed.
 * 4) 1953 – Baghdad Central Station built.
 * 5) 1956
 * 6) *Samarra Barrage constructed on the Tigris River near the city.
 * 7) * May: Government television begins broadcasting.
 * 8) * Uprising.
 * 9) * Iraqi Artists Society formed.
 * 10) 1957
 * 11) *University of Baghdad established.
 * 12) * Demonstration.
 * 13) 1958
 * 14) * 14 July: Iraqi coup d'état against king Faisal II at Royal Palace.
 * 15) * City becomes capital of the Republic of Iraq.
 * 16) 1959
 * 17) *Revolution City built.
 * 18) *Al-Mabda' newspaper begins publication.
 * 19) * Unknown Soldier monument erected on Firdos Square.
 * 20) 1960 – September: OPEC founded at Baghdad Conference (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela).
 * 21) 1961 – Iraq National Library and Archive established.
 * 22) 1963
 * 23) * 8–10 February: Iraqi coup d'état.
 * 24) * Khulafa Central Mosque built.
 * 25) *Al-Mustansiriya University and Al-Rasheed Sport Club established.
 * 26) 1964 – Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital established.
 * 27) 1965 - Population: 1,490,759 city; 1,657,424 urban agglomeration.
 * 28) 1966
 * 29) * Film festival held at Al-Rashid Cinema.
 * 30) *Al-Shaab Stadium and Martyrs' Mosque built.
 * 31) 1967 – Firqat Ittahaad al-Fannaaneed theatre group formed.
 * 32) 1968 – National Theatre Company established.
 * 33) 1970 - Population: 1,984,142 (estimate).
 * 34) 1971 – Baghdad Zoo opens.
 * 35) 1975 – Central Post Office built.
 * 36) 1978 – November: Arab League summit.
 * 37) 1980
 * 38) *Iran–Iraq War begins.
 * 39) * Film school of the Institute of Fine Arts established.
 * 40) 1981 – National Film Center and Saddam Hussein Gymnasium (now Baghdad Gymnasium) built.
 * 41) 1982
 * 42) *Saddam International Airport, Al Rasheed Hotel, Palestine Meridien Hotel, and Baghdad Conference Palace built.
 * 43) *Ishtar Sheraton Hotel opens.
 * 44) *The Monument to the Unknown Soldier inaugurated.
 * 45) 1983 – Al-Shaheed Monument built.
 * 46) 1985
 * 47) * Baghdad Festival of Arab theatre begins.
 * 48) * Amanat Al Assima Housing complex and Central Bank of Iraq building constructed.
 * 49) 1987 - Population: 3,841,268.
 * 50) 1988 – Saddam University established.
 * 51) 1989 – Victory Arch erected.
 * 52) 1991
 * 53) *Gulf War.
 * 54) * 13 February: Amiriyah shelter bombing.
 * 55) 1993 – 26 June: Missile strikes by United States.
 * 56) 1994 – Baghdad Tower constructed.

2000s

 * 2002 – April: Statue of Saddam Hussein erected in Firdos Square.
 * 2003
 * 3–12 April: Battle of Baghdad (2003); United States in power; Green Zone established.
 * 9 April: Firdos Square statue destruction.
 * 7 August: Jordanian embassy bombing.
 * 19 August: Canal Hotel bombing.
 * 27 October: Bombings.
 * 2004
 * 2 March: Ashura bombings.
 * 29 May: Alaa al-Tamimi becomes mayor.
 * 25 August: Baghdad International Airport reverts to civilian control.
 * 12 September: Haifa Street helicopter incident.
 * 14 September: Bombing.
 * 2005
 * 8 August: Municipal coup d'état.
 * 31 August: 2005 Baghdad bridge stampede.
 * Baghdad International Film Festival begins.
 * 2006
 * 22 February: Battle of Baghdad (2006–2008)
 * 7 April: Buratha Mosque bombing.
 * 1 July: Sadr City bombing.
 * 9 July: Hay al Jihad massacre.
 * 23 November: Sadr City bombings.
 * 2007
 * 16 January: Mustansiriya University bombings.
 * 22 January: Bombings.
 * 3 February: Market bombing.
 * 14 February: Baghdad Security Plan effected.
 * 18 February: Bombings.
 * 5 March: Mutanabbi Street bombed.
 * 29 March: Bombings.
 * April: Adhamiyah neighborhood Wall construction begins.
 * 26 July: Market bombing.
 * 1 August: Bombings.
 * 2008
 * Baghdad Metro resumes operation.
 * 6 March: Bombing.
 * 17 June: Bombing.
 * 2009
 * 1 January: Control of Green Zone transferred from US to Iraq.
 * Dismantling of war-time blast walls begins.
 * 19 August: Bombings.

2010s

 * 2010
 * 17 August: Bombings.
 * Baghdad FC Stadium opens.
 * 2012
 * 5 January: Bombings.
 * 27 January: Bombing.
 * 23 February: 23 February 2012 Iraq attacks.
 * 4 June: Bombing of Shia office.
 * 2015 - Air pollution in Baghdad reaches annual mean of 88 PM2.5 and 208 PM10, much higher than recommended.
 * 2016 - 3 July: Bombing in Karrada.
 * 2018 - 10 June: Election ballot warehouse catches fire.
 * 2019
 * 1 October: Protests erupted in Baghdad in Liberation Square
 * 7 October: Dozens of protesters were killed and hundreds were injured in Sadr City.
 * 28 October: Safaa Al Sarai killed
 * 14 November: Four people were killed and 62 injured in Baghdad in clashes between security forces and protesters.

2020s

 * 2020
 * 3 January: Qasem Soleimani was assassinated by a U.S. drone strike near Baghdad International Airport.
 * 2021
 * 21 January: Bombings.
 * 24 April: Hospital fire.
 * 25 May: anti-government protests.
 * 19 July: Bombing.

Published in 19th century

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Published in 20th century

 * Jacob Lassner. The Topography of Baghdad in the Early Middle Ages. Detroit: Wayne University Press, 1970.
 * Hanne, Eric J.  "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1998. 9909898).
 * Jacob Lassner. The Topography of Baghdad in the Early Middle Ages. Detroit: Wayne University Press, 1970.
 * Hanne, Eric J.  "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1998. 9909898).
 * Jacob Lassner. The Topography of Baghdad in the Early Middle Ages. Detroit: Wayne University Press, 1970.
 * Hanne, Eric J.  "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1998. 9909898).
 * Jacob Lassner. The Topography of Baghdad in the Early Middle Ages. Detroit: Wayne University Press, 1970.
 * Hanne, Eric J.  "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1998. 9909898).
 * Jacob Lassner. The Topography of Baghdad in the Early Middle Ages. Detroit: Wayne University Press, 1970.
 * Hanne, Eric J.  "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1998. 9909898).
 * Jacob Lassner. The Topography of Baghdad in the Early Middle Ages. Detroit: Wayne University Press, 1970.
 * Hanne, Eric J.  "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1998. 9909898).
 * Jacob Lassner. The Topography of Baghdad in the Early Middle Ages. Detroit: Wayne University Press, 1970.
 * Hanne, Eric J.  "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1998. 9909898).
 * Jacob Lassner. The Topography of Baghdad in the Early Middle Ages. Detroit: Wayne University Press, 1970.
 * Hanne, Eric J.  "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1998. 9909898).
 * Hanne, Eric J.  "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1998. 9909898).
 * Hanne, Eric J.  "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1998. 9909898).
 * Hanne, Eric J.  "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1998. 9909898).