Timeline of Istanbul

The following is a timeline of the history of the town of Istanbul, Turkey.

Prior to 4th century

 * 1000 BCE - Thracian tribes founded the settlements of Lygos and Semistra.
 * 657 BCE – Byzantium founded by Greeks.
 * 513 BCE – City taken by Persians under the rule of Darius the Great.
 * 479 BCE – Spartans take control of Byzantium from the Persians following their victory at the Battle of Plataea.
 * 411 BCE – Captured by Sparta.
 * 408 BCE – Captured by Athens.
 * 340 BCE – Besieged unsuccessfully by the forces of Philip II of Macedon.
 * 317 BCE – Battle of Byzantium.
 * 193 CE
 * Besieged by Septimius Severus.
 * Population: 15,000
 * 196 – Captured by Septimius Severus. Walls demolished and city razed.
 * 203
 * Septimius Severus rebuilds the city.
 * Hippodrome built (approximate date).
 * Mese main street built.
 * Baths of Zeuxippus built (approximate date).
 * Walls rebuilt (approximate date).
 * 267 – Captured by the Herules.

4th–15th centuries

 * 315 – Hagia Irene church built (approximate date).
 * 324
 * 8 November: Constantine renames the city as Constantinoupolis and begins large-scale rebuilding.
 * Serpent Column relocated to Byzantium.
 * Hippodrome enlarged.
 * Population: 20,000
 * 328 – 4 November: Constantine dedicates Constantinople as capital.
 * 330
 * 11 May: Column of Constantine dedicated.
 * Church of the Holy Apostles built (approximate date).
 * Chora Church built (approximate date).
 * Milion erected (approximate date).
 * 332
 * 18 May: Free distribution of food to citizens. 80,000 rations a day from 117 distribution points.
 * 359 – First urban prefect appointed.
 * 360 – 15 February: Great Church of Holy Wisdom inaugurated.
 * 362 – Kontoskalion built.
 * 365 – City taken by forces of Procopius.
 * 368
 * Valens Aqueduct completed.
 * Magnaura palace built (approximate date).
 * Population: 150,000
 * 378 – Battle of Constantinople (378): Gothic attack on the city.
 * 381 – First Council of Constantinople held in the Hagia Irene church.
 * 382
 * Drought.
 * Second line added to the Valens Aqueduct.
 * 390 – Obelisk of Theodosius installed.
 * 393
 * Forum of Theodosius rebuilt.
 * Column of Theodosius erected.
 * Arch of Theodosius completed.
 * Population: 200,000
 * 395 – Earthquake (approximate date).
 * 400 – City occupied by the rebel forces of Gainas for several months.
 * 401 – Construction of the Column of Arcadius begins.
 * 403
 * Forum of Arcadius built.
 * Column of Aelia Eudoxia erected.
 * Earthquake.
 * 407 – 1 April: Earthquake.
 * 413 – Theodosian Walls built.
 * 415 – 10 October: Church of Theodosius II inaugurated.
 * 420 – Palace of Lausus built (approximate date).
 * 421 – Cistern of Aetius built.
 * 425 – 27 February: Pandidakterion school founded by emperor Theodosius II.
 * 428 – Theodosius Cistern built (approximate date).
 * 430 – Palace of Antiochos built.
 * 433 – August: Fire destroys buildings along the Golden Horn.
 * 437 – 25 September: Constantinian and Theodosian Walls damaged by an earthquake.
 * 439 – Boukoleon Palace built (approximate date).
 * 440 – Saint Andrew in Krisei built (approximate date).
 * 447
 * 26 January: Walls damaged by an earthquake.
 * Walls rebuilt in 60 days by 16,000 workers under praetorian prefect Constantinus.
 * 6 November: Constantinian and Theodosian Walls damaged by an earthquake.
 * 450
 * Column of Marcian erected (approximate date).
 * Church of St. Mary of Blachernae built.
 * 459
 * Construction of the Cistern of Aspar begins.
 * Augustaion rebuilt.
 * 462 – Monastery of Stoudios founded.
 * 464 – September: Fire begins in the dockyards of the Golden Horn and damages eight of the city's fourteen regions.
 * 473 – Imperial Library of Constantinople burned.
 * 476 – Basilica Cistern rebuilt (approximate date).
 * 478 – 25 September: Walls damaged by an earthquake.
 * 498 – Riot by the Greens damages the Hippodrome and surrounding area.
 * 500
 * Cistern of Mocius built (approximate date).
 * Palace of Blachernae built (approximate date).
 * Byzantine structure that would become the Balaban Aga Mosque built (approximate date).
 * 524 – Church of St. Polyeuctus built.
 * 527 – Construction of the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus begins.
 * 532
 * January: Nika riots.
 * 23 February: Construction of the Hagia Sophia church begins.
 * Basilica Cistern rebuilt and enlarged.
 * 533 – Earthquake.
 * 536 – Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus finished.
 * 537
 * 26 December: Hagia Sophia completed.
 * Population: 300,000–500,000
 * 541 – Plague of Justinian kills 40% of the population.
 * 543 – Column of Justinian erected.
 * 545 – Wheat and wine shortage.
 * 548 – Hagia Irene rebuilt.
 * 550 – 28 June: Church of the Holy Apostles rebuilt.
 * 553 – Second Council of Constantinople held.
 * 554 – 16 August: 554 Anatolia earthquake.
 * 555 – May–July: Bread shortage.
 * 557 – 14 December: 557 Constantinople earthquake destroys large parts of the city.
 * 558 – February–July: Re-occurrence of the plague of Justinian.
 * 560 – Monastery of the Mother of God at the Spring built.
 * 562 – November: Drought.
 * 570
 * Chrysotriklinos built by emperor Justin II (approximate date).
 * Orphanage of Saint Paul founded (approximate date).
 * 573–574 – Re-occurrence of the plague of Justinian.
 * 575 – Kontoskalion harbor deepened and enlarged.
 * 576 – Valens Aqueduct repaired and expanded.
 * 582 – Famine.
 * 586 – Re-occurrence of the plague of Justinian.
 * 599 – Re-occurrence of the plague of Justinian.
 * 626 – Siege of Constantinople (626) by Avars, Slavs and Sassanian Persians.
 * 674–678 – Siege of Constantinople (674–78).
 * 680 – Third Council of Constantinople held.
 * 690 – Hall of Justinianos built by emperor Justinian II (approximate date).
 * 692 – Quinisext Council held.
 * 698 – Outbreak of plague.
 * 717–718 – Siege of Constantinople (717–18).
 * 740 – October 26: 740 Constantinople earthquake.
 * 747 – Outbreak of plague.
 * 753 – Hagia Irene rebuilt.
 * 758 – Drought.
 * 766 – Valens Aqueduct restored.
 * 769 – Church of the Virgin of the Pharos in existence.
 * 813 – City besieged by Bulgarian forces.
 * 821 – City besieged by forces of Thomas the Slav.
 * 860 – Siege of Constantinople (860).
 * 869 – A portion of the walls collapses in an earthquake.
 * 870 – Fourth Council of Constantinople (Catholic Church) held.
 * 880
 * Fourth Council of Constantinople (Eastern Orthodox) held.
 * 1 May: Nea Ekklesia built.
 * 907 – Siege of Constantinople (907).
 * 908 – Lips Monastery built.
 * 920 – Myrelaion built.
 * 922 – Battle of Constantinople (922).
 * 941 – Siege of Constantinople (941).
 * 971 – Church of Christ of the Chalke built by emperor John I Tzimiskes.
 * 1000 – Hagios Theodoros built (approximate date).
 * 1030 – Monastery of St. Mary Peribleptos built by emperor Romanos III Argyros.
 * 1045 – Monastery of St. George of Mangana built (approximate date).
 * 1047 – September: Siege by rebels under Leo Tornikios.
 * 1049 — Theotokos Euergetis Monastery founded.
 * 1059 – Saint Thekla of the Palace of Blachernae built.
 * 1060 – Pammakaristos Church built (approximate date).
 * 1081 – Chora Church rebuilt.
 * 1087 – Monastery of Christ Pantepoptes built.
 * 1100
 * Paper in use.
 * Saint John the Forerunner by-the-Dome built.
 * 1110
 * Kecharitomene Monastery built.
 * Maiden's Tower built.
 * 1136 – Monastery of the Pantocrator completed.
 * 1147 – September: Battle of Constantinople (1147)
 * 1181 – 2 May: Uprising of Maria Komnene against the rule of Alexios Komnenos suppressed.
 * 1182 – April: Massacre of the Latins.
 * 1197 – 25 July: Fire destroys the Latin Quarter and other buildings.
 * 1200 – Theotokos Kyriotissa built (approximate date).
 * 1203 – Siege of Constantinople (1203) by the Fourth Crusade, in which Alexius IV was able to usurp the throne after Alexius III fled to Thrace.
 * 1204 – April: Siege of Constantinople (1204) by the Fourth Crusade, in which the Byzantines were overwhelmed and the city thoroughly sacked.
 * 1235 – Siege of Constantinople (1235).
 * 1260 – Siege of Constantinople (1260).
 * 1261
 * 25 July: Captured by Nicaean forces under Alexios Strategopoulos.
 * Population: 35,000
 * 1268 – Kyra Martha nunnery founded.
 * 1289 – June: Earthquake.
 * 1304 – South Church of Lips Monastery built.
 * 1307 – Monastery of Christ Philanthropos built.
 * 1325 – Church of San Domenico built.
 * 1332 – 17 January: Earthquake.
 * 1347
 * 14 October: Earthquake.
 * 18 October: Earthquake.
 * 1348
 * Galata Tower built.
 * Population: 80,000
 * 1351 – 28 May: Fifth Council of Constantinople completed.
 * 1376 – City besieged by forces of Andronikos IV Palaiologos.
 * 1394
 * Blockade of the city begun by Ottoman forces under Bayezid I.
 * Anadoluhisarı fortress built.

15th–18th centuries

 * 1402
 * Ottoman blockade lifted.
 * Earthquake.
 * 1410 – June: Battle of Kosmidion.
 * 1411 – Siege of Constantinople (1411).
 * 1422 – Siege of Constantinople (1422).
 * 1427 – Church of Saint Benoit built.
 * 1437
 * 4 September: Earthquake.
 * 25 November: Earthquake.
 * 1452 – Rumelihisarı fortress built.
 * 1453
 * 6 April-29 May: Final Siege of Constantinople; City besieged by Ottoman forces; Mehmed II in power.
 * Capital of the Ottoman Empire relocated to Constantinople from Edirne.
 * Hagia Sophia (converted from Orthodox cathedral to mosque) in use.
 * Medrese predecessor of Istanbul University established.
 * Population: 40,000–50,000
 * 1454
 * 18 April: Treaty of Constantinople (1454)
 * Imperial Arsenal established.
 * Phanar Greek Orthodox College founded.
 * Ağa hamamı built.
 * 1458
 * Yedikule Fortress built.
 * Eyüp Sultan Mosque built.
 * 1460 – Grand Bazaar built (approximate date).
 * 1465 – Topkapı Palace construction begins.
 * 1467 – Turkish State Mint established.
 * 1470
 * Fatih Mosque built.
 * Sahn-ı Seman Medrese established.
 * 1471 – Rum Mehmed Pasha Mosque built.
 * 1472 – Tiled Kiosk built.
 * 1478 – Galata Mosque in use.
 * 1479 – 25 January: Treaty of Constantinople (1479)
 * 1481 – Galatasaray High School established.
 * 1488 – Complex of Sultan Bayezid II built.
 * 1491 – Firuz Agha Mosque built in Fatih.
 * 1497 – Gazi Atik Ali Pasha Mosque built.
 * 1505 – İskender Pasha Mosque, Fatih built (approximate date).
 * 1506 – Bayezid II Mosque built.
 * 1509 – 1509 Constantinople earthquake.
 * 1512 – Vasat Atik Ali Pasha Mosque built.
 * 1520 – Suleiman the Magnificent becomes Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
 * 1521 – Ibrahim Pasha Palace in use.
 * 1528 – Yavuz Selim Mosque built.
 * 1531 – Piri Mehmed Pasha Mosque built.
 * 1533 – 22 July: Treaty of Constantinople (1533).
 * 1535 – French embassy established.
 * 1539 – Haseki Sultan Complex built.
 * 1541 – Tomb of Hayreddin Barbarossa built.
 * 1542 – Defterdar Mosque built.
 * 1548
 * Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Üsküdar) built.
 * Şehzade Mosque built.
 * 1550
 * Mosque with the Spiral Minaret built.
 * Yavuz Sultan Selim Madras built.
 * 1551 – Hadim Ibrahim Pasha Mosque built.
 * 1554 – Coffee house in business.
 * 1555 – November/December: Sinan Pasha Mosque (Istanbul) built.
 * 1556 – Bath-house of Haseki Hurrem Sultan built.
 * 1557
 * Süleymaniye Mosque built.
 * Süleymaniye Hamam bath built.
 * 1559 – Caferağa Medresseh built.
 * 1560 – İskender Pasha Mosque, Kanlıca built.
 * 1563 – Rüstem Pasha Mosque built.
 * 1567 – Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque (Büyükçekmece) built.
 * 1570 – Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Edirnekapı) built.
 * 1571 – Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque (Kadırga) built.
 * 1572 – Kara Ahmed Pasha Mosque built.
 * 1573 – Piyale Pasha Mosque built.
 * 1577 – Observatory of Taqi al-Din built.
 * 1578 – Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque (Azapkapı) built.
 * 1580 – Kılıç Ali Pasha Complex built.
 * 1581 – Şemsi Pasha Mosque built.
 * 1583 – 26 March: First British ambassador to Constantinople arrives.
 * 1584
 * Çemberlitaş Hamamı (bath) built.
 * Molla Çelebi Mosque built.
 * Church of St. Mary Draperis, Istanbul established.
 * 1586
 * Atik Valide Mosque built.
 * Mesih Mehmed Pasha Mosque built.
 * 1590
 * 21 March: Treaty of Constantinople (1590).
 * Zal Mahmud Pasha Mosque built.
 * 1604 – Church of SS Peter and Paul, Istanbul built.
 * 1612 – 20 November: Treaty of Nasuh Pasha.
 * 1613 – Aynalıkavak Palace built.
 * 1615 – Cossack raid on Istanbul (1615)
 * 1616 – Sultan Ahmed Mosque built.
 * 1620 – Cossack raid on Istanbul (1620)
 * 1624 – Cossack raids on Istanbul (1624)
 * 1648 – Atmeydanı incident.
 * 1656 – 26 February: Çınar incident.
 * 1660
 * 24–26 July: Great Fire of 1660.
 * New Bazaar built.
 * 1665 – Valide Sultan Mosque built.
 * 1678 – Church of St. Mary Draperis rebuilt.
 * 1700 – 13 July: Treaty of Constantinople (1700).
 * 1710 – Yeni Valide Mosque built.
 * 1728 – Fountain of Ahmed III built.
 * 1729 – Fountain of Ahmed III (Üsküdar) built.
 * 1730 – 20 September: Patrona Halil rebellion.
 * 1732 – Tophane Fountain built.
 * 1736 – 24 September: Treaty of Constantinople (1736).
 * 1742 – 15 April: Apostolic Vicariate of Constantinople established.
 * 1746 – Kalenderhane Mosque consecrated.
 * 1753 – Yedikule Hospital founded.
 * 1755 – Nuruosmaniye Mosque built.
 * 1758 – Şemsipaşa Primary School established.
 * 1763 – Laleli Mosque built.
 * 1766 – Earthquake.
 * 1769 – Zeynep Sultan Mosque built.
 * 1771 – Fatih Mosque rebuilt.
 * 1773 – Naval Engineering at Golden Horn Naval Shipyard college founded.
 * 1774 – Rami Barracks built.
 * 1781 – Emirgan Mosque built.
 * 1793 – Balıklı Greek Hospital rebuilt.
 * 1795
 * Imperial School of Military Engineering established.
 * Mühendishane-i Berri Hümayun printing house established.

19th century

 * 1800 – Eyüp Sultan Mosque rebuilt.
 * 1801 – Big Selimiye Mosque built.
 * 1806 – Taksim Military Barracks built.
 * 1807 – 29 May: Coup of 1807.
 * 1808 – 28 July: Coup of 1808.
 * 1813 – Hidayet Mosque built.
 * 1814 – Sultan Mahmut Fountain built.
 * 1821 – Constantinople massacre of 1821.
 * 1825 – Pangaltı Mkhitaryan School established.
 * 1826
 * 15 June: Auspicious Incident.
 * Nusretiye Mosque built.
 * 1828
 * 6 February: Selimiye Barracks built.
 * Beyazıt Tower built.
 * 1831 – October: Takvim-i Vekayi newspaper established.
 * 1832
 * February: Treaty of Constantinople (1832).
 * Beylerbeyi Palace Tunnel built.
 * Davutpaşa Barracks built.
 * 1833 – 8 July: Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi.
 * 1834
 * Military Academy established.
 * 31 May: Surp Pırgiç Armenian Hospital opened.
 * 1836 – 3 September: Hayratiye Bridge built.
 * 1837 – Surp Agop Hospital opened.
 * 1843 – Church of SS Peter and Paul rebuilt.
 * 1844 – Naum Theatre opened.
 * 1845
 * Galata Bridge built.
 * 21 September: Mekteb-i Fünun-ı İdadiye military high school established.
 * 1846
 * Cathedral of the Holy Spirit built.
 * 1 July: Armenian Evangelical Church established.
 * 23 July: House of Multiple Sciences established (predecessor of Istanbul University).
 * 1848
 * Küçük Mecidiye Mosque built.
 * Nusretiye Clock Tower built.
 * Ottoman Military College established.
 * 1849 – 9 October: Bulgarian St. Stephen Church inaugurated.
 * 1850
 * 21 March: Istanbul Girls High School inaugurated.
 * 22 March: Cağaloğlu Anadolu Lisesi established.
 * 1851
 * Hırka-i Şerif Mosque built.
 * Emirgan Pier opened.
 * 1852
 * Taşkışla houses built.
 * Taksim German Hospital founded.
 * 1853 – Üsküdar Ferry Terminal opened.
 * 1854 – Teşvikiye Mosque built.
 * 1855
 * Ihlamur Palace built.
 * Dolmabahçe Mosque built.
 * 1856
 * 27 November: Lycée Notre Dame de Sion Istanbul established.
 * Dolmabahçe Palace built in Beşiktaş.
 * Ortaköy Mosque built.
 * Ottoman Bank founded.
 * Fenerbahçe Lighthouse built.
 * 1857
 * Küçüksu Palace built.
 * Ahırkapı Feneri lighthouse built.
 * 1859
 * 12 February: Mekteb-i Mülkiye-i Şahane college established.
 * Şişli Greek Orthodox Cemetery founded.
 * 1861
 * 14 April: Bulgarian Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of Constantinople established.
 * Adile Sultan Palace built.
 * Al-Jawâ'ib begins publication.
 * Liceo Italiano di Istanbul founded.
 * 1862 – Tekel tobacco company founded.
 * 1863
 * 16 September: Robert College opened.
 * First painting exhibition sponsored by Sultan Abdülaziz.
 * 1865
 * Beylerbeyi Palace built.
 * Altunizade Mosque built.
 * 1866 – Gedikpaşa Tiyatrosu theatre established.
 * 1867 – Çırağan Palace built.
 * 1868
 * 1 April: Court of Cassation established.
 * 1 May: Deutsche Schule Istanbul founded.
 * Kandilli Observatory established.
 * Galatasaray Museum established.
 * 1870
 * June 5: Fire in Pera.
 * 24 November: Diyojen magazine founded.
 * Malta Kiosk built.
 * 1871
 * Feriye Palace built.
 * American College for Girls established in Arnavutköy.
 * 1872
 * Pertevniyal Valide Sultan Mosque built.
 * Haydarpaşa railway station opened.
 * Pertevniyal High School founded.
 * El Tiempo Ladino-language newspaper founded.
 * 22 July:
 * Bakırköy railway station opened.
 * Küçükçekmece railway station opened.
 * 27 July: Sirkeci railway station opened.
 * 22 September:
 * Bostancı railway station opened.
 * Erenköy railway station opened.
 * Feneryolu railway station opened.
 * Kartal railway station opened.
 * Küçükyalı railway station opened.
 * 1873
 * 27 April: Fenerbahçe railway station opened.
 * Darüşşafaka High School founded.
 * 1874 – Population: 827,750
 * 1875
 * 17 January:
 * Beyoğlu (Tünel) railway station opened.
 * Karaköy (Tünel) railway station opened.
 * Esma Sultan Mansion built.
 * 1876
 * 3 January: Akhtar Persian-language magazine established.
 * Muharrir magazine established.
 * Üsküdar American Academy founded.
 * Göztepe railway station built.
 * 1877 – 18 December: Central Committee for Defending Albanian Rights formed.
 * 1878
 * 26 June: Tercüman-ı Hakikat newspaper first published.
 * Istanbul Bar Association established.
 * 1879
 * 12 October: Society for the Publication of Albanian Writings formed.
 * 1880
 * 14 September: Hagia Triada Greek Orthodox Church, Istanbul built.
 * Yıldız Palace built.
 * 1882
 * Palazzo Corpi built.
 * Ottoman Public Debt Administration building constructed.
 * School of Fine Arts established.
 * Numune-i Terakki school founded.
 * 14 January: Istanbul Chamber of Commerce established.
 * 1883
 * School of Economics established.
 * Orient Express (Paris–Istanbul) begins operating.
 * Drita Albanian magazine begins publishing.
 * 1886
 * 1 September: Getronagan Armenian High School established.
 * Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque built.
 * 1887
 * Ertuğrul Tekke Mosque built.
 * Hidayet Mosque rebuilt.
 * 1890
 * Yıldız Clock Tower built.
 * Kum Kapu demonstration.
 * Tekel Birası brewery established.
 * 1891 – 13 June: Imperial Museum founded.
 * 1892
 * Pera Palace Hotel built.
 * Mekteb-i Aşiret-i Humayun school established.
 * 1893 – Zografeion Lyceum inaugurated.
 * 1894
 * 10 July: an earthquake in the Gulf of İzmit kills about 1,349 people.
 * Pando's Creamery in business.
 * 1895
 * Dolmabahçe Clock Tower built.
 * Russian Archaeological Institute of Constantinople established.
 * Lycée Sainte-Euphémie established.
 * 1896
 * 1 January: Kurtuluş S.K. founded.
 * 26 August: Occupation of the Ottoman Bank.
 * 1897
 * Treaty of Constantinople (1897).
 * Istanbul Naval Museum established.
 * Tokatlıyan Hotels built.
 * 1899 – 20 April: Port of Haydarpaşa opened.

20th century

 * 1900 – Port of Istanbul opened.
 * 1901
 * 27 January: German Fountain inaugurated.
 * Ulus Sephardi Jewish Cemetery established.
 * 1903
 * 4 March: Beşiktaş J.K. founded.
 * Moda F.C. founded.
 * 1904
 * Istanbul Football League established.
 * Elpis F.C. founded.
 * HMS Imogene F.C. founded.
 * 1905
 * 21 July: Yıldız assassination attempt.
 * 30 October: Galatasaray S.K. founded.
 * 1907
 * 3 May: Fenerbahçe S.K. (football) founded.
 * Khedive Palace built.
 * Etfal Hospital Clock Tower built.
 * 1908
 * Istanbul declared a province with nine constituent districts.
 * Ottoman National Olympic Society founded.
 * Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium inaugurated.
 * Kabataş Erkek Lisesi established.
 * Karagöz magazine established.
 * Osmanischer Lloyd established.
 * Demet magazine established.
 * Jamanak Armenian-language newspaper established.
 * El Gugeton Ladino-language newspaper established.
 * Vefa S.K. founded.
 * Beykoz S.K.D. founded.
 * Üsküdar Anadolu S.K. founded.
 * Strugglers F.C. founded.
 * 1909
 * 31 March Incident
 * National Bank of Turkey established.
 * Scouting and Guiding Federation of Turkey predecessor formed.
 * Al-Muntada al-Adabi formed.
 * Shehbal magazine founded.
 * Altınordu İdman Yurdu S.K. founded.
 * 1910
 * Mısır Apartment built.
 * Suadiye railway station opened.
 * Hamevasser newspaper established.
 * Apikoğlu company founded.
 * 22 April: Hikmet magazine established.
 * 1911
 * Yıldız Technical University established.
 * Istanbul International Community School established.
 * Erenköy Girls High School established.
 * Marmnamarz sports magazine begins publishing.
 * Küçükçekmece S.K. founded.
 * Beylerbeyi S.K. founded.
 * Rumblers F.C. founded.
 * 11 June: Greek Byzantine Catholic Church established.
 * 23 July: Monument of Liberty, Istanbul completed.
 * 1912
 * İnterbank moves to Constantinople.
 * Church of St. Anthony of Padua, Istanbul built.
 * Gülhane Park opens.
 * Orfeon Records established.
 * Istanbul Friday League established.
 * Hilal S.K. founded.
 * Telefoncular F.C. founded.
 * 25 March: Turkish Hearths founded.
 * 1913
 * 23 January: 1913 Ottoman coup d'état.
 * 29 September: Treaty of Constantinople
 * Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum opens.
 * Bebek Mosque built.
 * Veliefendi Race Course opened.
 * Anadolu Hisarı İdman Yurdu S.K. founded.
 * 1914
 * Population: 1,125,000
 * 25 January: Electric tram line begins operating on the European side.
 * 11 February: Silahtarağa Power Station opened.
 * 28 June: Darülbedayi founded.
 * Metrohan Building built.
 * Darülbedayi theatre founded.
 * Istanbul Championship League established.
 * Beyoğlu S.K. established.
 * 1915
 * 24 April: Deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915.
 * 15 June: The 20 Hunchakian gallows hanging occurs in Beyazıt Square.
 * Göztepe railway station rebuilt.
 * 1916
 * Aviation Martyrs' Monument completed.
 * Kandilli Anatolian High School for Girls established.
 * 1917 – Darülelhan conservatory established.
 * 1918
 * 13 November: Occupation of Constantinople by Allied forces begins, per Armistice of Mudros.
 * November: Karakol society founded against the occupation of Constantinople.
 * 1919
 * Sultanahmet demonstrations.
 * Sultanahmet Jail built.
 * Eyüpspor founded.
 * 1920 – 5 March: Green Crescent established.
 * 1921
 * 15 January: Kasımpaşa S.K. founded.
 * Taksim Stadium established.
 * Istanbul Men's Volleyball League established.
 * 1922 – Tayyare Apartments built.
 * 1923
 * 4 October: Allied occupation ends and the newly-formed Republic of Turkey takes control.
 * 13 October: Turkish capital relocated from Istanbul to Ankara.
 * Vatan newspaper established.
 * Istanbul Maltepespor founded.
 * 1924
 * 7 May: Cumhuriyet newspaper established.
 * 15 October: Bakırköy Psychiatric Hospital founded.
 * Airport opened in Yeşilköy.
 * Emek (movie theater) opened.
 * 1925 – 12 July: Apoyevmatini Greek-language newspaper founded.
 * 1926
 * 4 January: İstanbulspor founded.
 * Istanbul 4th Vakıf Han built.
 * Fatih Karagümrük S.K. founded.
 * 1927
 * 6 March: Süreyya Opera House opened.
 * Istanbul Basketball League established.
 * Feriköy S.K. founded.
 * 1928
 * Electric tram line begins operating on the Asian side.
 * Paşakapısı Prison established.
 * 1929 – Istanbul Medical Chamber founded.
 * 1930
 * City renamed "Istanbul".
 * Istanbul Shield established.
 * 1931 – Italian Synagogue established.
 * 1932 – Fil Bridge built.
 * 1933
 * 1 August: Istanbul University established.
 * October: Güneş S.K. founded.
 * Istanbul Zoology Museum established.
 * 1934 – 26 September: Haydarpaşa High School established.
 * 1936 –
 * Istanbul University Observatory established.
 * Beşiktaş Atatürk Anadolu Lisesi high school founded.
 * 1938 – 10 November: Death of Atatürk.
 * 1940
 * 31 August: Marmara (newspaper) Armenian-language newspaper begins publishing.
 * Berlin–Baghdad railway begins operating.
 * Atatürk Bridge built.
 * Sarıyer S.K. founded.
 * Taksim S.K. founded.
 * Population: 789,346.
 * 1942 –
 * VitrA (sanitaryware) company established.
 * Istanbul Football Cup established.
 * 1943 – Taksim Gezi Park built.
 * 1944
 * 22 February: Ülker company established.
 * Faculty of Arts and Sciences Building, Istanbul University built.
 * Yıldız Holding established.
 * 1945
 * Population: 860,558.
 * Ali Sami Yen Stadium built.
 * Beyti (Istanbul) restaurant founded.
 * Aşiyan Museum established.
 * Yıldırım Bosna S.K. founded.
 * 1946
 * Cezmi Or Memorial established.
 * Modaspor (basketball) founded.
 * 1947
 * 19 May: İnönü Stadium opens in Beşiktaş.
 * 9 August: Cemil Topuzlu Open-Air Theatre opened.
 * 29 October: Şalom begins publishing.
 * 1948
 * 1 May: Hürriyet newspaper begins publishing.
 * Bütün Dünya periodical begins publishing.
 * 1949
 * 3 June: Istanbul Lütfi Kırdar International Convention and Exhibition Center opened.
 * 18 August: Kartal S.K. founded.
 * Şişli Mosque built.
 * İstanbul newspaper begins publishing.
 * Bakırköyspor founded.
 * 1950
 * Population: 1,000,022.
 * 3 May: Milliyet begins publishing.
 * Hünkar (restaurant) established.
 * Pendikspor founded.
 * Paşabahçe S.K. founded.
 * Alibeyköy S.K. founded.
 * 1951
 * 25 March: Neve Shalom Synagogue inaugurated.
 * Ismet Baba Fish Restaurant established.
 * 1952
 * 9 March: ITU TV broadcast. First Turkish television broadcast.
 * Türk Ticaret Bankası relocated to Istanbul.
 * 1953
 * 1 March: ITU School of Mines established.
 * Tiled Kiosk opens as a museum.
 * Zeytinburnuspor founded.
 * 1954
 * Arçelik company established.
 * Alarko Holding company established.
 * Migros Türk company established.
 * İçmeler railway station opened.
 * Akbank moves to Istanbul.
 * Tuzlaspor founded.
 * 1955
 * 10 June: Hilton Istanbul Bosphorus opened.
 * 6–7 September: Istanbul pogrom.
 * 4 December:
 * Cankurtaran railway station opened.
 * Florya railway station opened.
 * Kazlıçeşme railway station opened.
 * Yenimahalle railway station opened.
 * Zeytinburnu railway station opened.
 * Beko company founded.
 * Kadıköy Anadolu Lisesi founded.
 * Adam Mickiewicz Museum, Istanbul founded.
 * Küçükçekmece railway station rebuilt.
 * Istanbul Women's Volleyball League established.
 * 1956
 * Divan Istanbul built.
 * Demirören Group founded.
 * Tekfen Construction and Installation founded.
 * Tabanlıoğlu Architects founded.
 * Yeşilyurt Women's Volleyball Team founded.
 * 1957
 * Enka İnşaat ve Sanayi A.Ş. company founded.
 * Pudding Shop restaurant opened.
 * 1958
 * Birleşik Fon Bankası founded.
 * Banks Association of Turkey founded.
 * Küçük Emek cinema opens.
 * 1959
 * Beşiktaş Anadolu Lisesi founded.
 * Sait Faik Abasıyanık Museum opened.
 * Karaköy Pier opened.
 * Güzelyalı railway station opened.
 * Bayrampaşaspor founded.
 * 1960
 * Erler Film company founded.
 * Ekonomist magazine founded.
 * 1961
 * March: Hürriyet Daily News founded.
 * Yenibosna S.K. founded.
 * 1962
 * E.C.A. Elginkan Anadolu Lisesi founded.
 * Telsiz ve Radyo Amatörleri Cemiyeti founded.
 * 1963 – Gaziosmanpaşaspor founded.
 * 1964
 * Askam (trucks) company founded.
 * Harbiye Muhsin Ertuğrul Stage opens.
 * 1965
 * Population: 2,293,823 (districts of Adalar, Bakırköy, Beşiktaş, Beykoz, Beyoğlu, Çatalca, Eyüp, Fatih, Gaziosmanpaşa, Kadıköy, Kartal, Sarıyer, Silivri, Şile, Şişli, Üsküdar, Yalova, and Zeytinburnu).
 * Yapı Merkezi company founded.
 * 1966 – İdealtepe railway station opened.
 * 1967
 * 15 June: Confederation of Progressive Trade Unions of Turkey holds first meeting.
 * Kaynarca railway station opened.
 * Moğollar established.
 * 1968
 * Yedikule Anadolu Lisesi founded.
 * Küçükköyspor founded.
 * 1969
 * 17 January: Vehbi Koç Foundation established.
 * 16 February: Bloody Sunday (1969).
 * 12 April: Atatürk Cultural Center dedicated.
 * Efes Beverage Group established.
 * 1970
 * Eyüboğlu High School founded.
 * 22 April: Türkiye newspaper begins publishing.
 * 1971
 * 2 November: Beyoğlu station re-opened after reconstruction.
 * Turkish Industry and Business Association established.
 * Turkish Society for Electron Microscopy established.
 * 1972 – Desa company established.
 * 1973
 * 12 January: Millî Gazete begins publishing.
 * 19 April: Dostluk S.K. founded.
 * Bosphorus Bridge built.
 * Ömerli Dam built.
 * 50th Anniversary of the Republic Sculptures erected.
 * Istanbul International Music Festival begins.
 * Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts established.
 * 1974
 * 10 September: Haliç Bridge opened.
 * Derimod company founded.
 * 1975
 * 30 January: Turkish Airlines Flight 345 crash.
 * Çukurova (construction firm) established.
 * Istanbul Technical University Turkish Music State Conservatory founded.
 * 1976
 * Muhammad Maarifi Mosque built.
 * Çamlıca TRT Television Tower built.
 * Polin Waterparks company founded.
 * 1977
 * 1 May: Taksim Square massacre.
 * 1978 – December: Kadınca women's magazine begins publishing.
 * 1979 – Istanbul Marathon begins.
 * 1980
 * 14 October: Sadberk Hanım Museum opened.
 * Cengiz Holding established.
 * Bogazici University Sports Fest founded.
 * 1981
 * 2 March: Dünya founded.
 * Koçbank founded.
 * Can Yayınları publishing company founded.
 * Metris Prison established.
 * 1982
 * 19 February: Güneş founded.
 * International Istanbul Film Festival begins.
 * Istanbul Book Fair inaugurated.
 * Atatürk High School of Science, Istanbul established.
 * World Trade Center Istanbul established.
 * Timas Publishing Group established.
 * İletişim Yayınları publishing company established.
 * Kaynak Yayınları publishing company established.
 * Malta Kiosk restored and re-opened.
 * Ezginin Günlüğü band formed.
 * 1983
 * ITU Mustafa Inan Library opened.
 * Enka SK founded.
 * İstanbul Güngörenspor founded.
 * 1984
 * March: Hotel Yeşil Ev established.
 * March 23: Municipality of Greater Istanbul established.
 * Population: 2,951,000 (estimate).
 * 1986 – 6 September: Neve Shalom Synagogue massacre. Gunmen kill 22 Jews in an attack orchestrated by Palestinian militant Abu Nidal.
 * 1987
 * The districts of Büyükçekmece, Kağıthane, Küçükçekmece, Pendik and Ümraniye are created.
 * 1 October: Galleria Ataköy opened.
 * 1988
 * 9 May: TGC Press Media Museum established.
 * 3 July: Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge built.
 * Koç School opened.
 * 1989
 * 3 September: Istanbul Metro begins operating.
 * Kadıköy Haldun Taner Stage in use.
 * 1990
 * İstanbul Başakşehir F.K. established.
 * The district of Bayrampaşa is created.
 * 1991 – Swissôtel The Bosphorus opened.
 * 1992
 * 1 March: Neve Shalom Synagogue bomb attack. No casualties or damage.
 * The districts of Avcılar, Bağcılar, Bahçelievler, Güngören, Maltepe, Sultanbeyli, and Tuzla are created.
 * 13 June: T1 (Istanbul Tram) line opened.
 * Istanbul Hezarfen Airfield opened.
 * 1993
 * Sabancı Center built.
 * International Defence Industry Fair established.
 * Akbank Sanat opened.
 * Koç University opened.
 * 6–7 May: 2nd ECO Summit held.
 * 18 December: Akmerkez opened.
 * The district of Esenler is created.
 * 1994
 * 31 October: Istanbul Bilgi University established.
 * December: Galata Bridge rebuilt.
 * Esenler Coach Terminal built.
 * Recep Tayyip Erdoğan becomes mayor of greater Istanbul.
 * Population: 7,615,500 in city (approximate estimate).
 * 1995
 * 12–15 March: Gazi Quarter riots.
 * The district of Yalova is separated from Istanbul Province and Yalova Province is created.
 * 1996
 * United Nations Conference on Human Settlements held.
 * Üsküdar Belediyespor founded.
 * 1998 – Ahmet Cömert Sport Hall built.
 * 1999
 * 13–14 March: 1999 Istanbul bombings.
 * 26 July – 1 August: 1999 European Aquatics Championships held.
 * The 7.6 İzmit earthquake shakes northwestern Turkey with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), leaving 17,118–17,127 dead and 43,953–50,000 injured in the region.
 * Changa (restaurant) established.

21st century

 * 2000
 * Population: 10,018,735.
 * Tekstilkent Plaza built.
 * 6 May: Istanbul Postal Museum established.
 * 26 August: Isbank Tower 1 built.
 * 16 September: M2 (Istanbul Metro) opened.
 * 2001
 * Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport opened.
 * 21 September: Tepe Nautilus mall opened.
 * 2002
 * Tekfen Tower built.
 * Endem TV Tower built.
 * Sakıp Sabancı Museum opened.
 * 2003
 * Istanbul Pride begins.
 * 2 May: Miniatürk opened.
 * November: 2003 Istanbul bombings.
 * Miniatürk park opens.
 * 2004
 * City boundaries become coterminous with those of Istanbul Province.
 * Kadir Topbaş becomes mayor of Greater Istanbul.
 * March 9, 2004 attack on Istanbul restaurant.
 * 12 and 15 May: Eurovision Song Contest 2004 held.
 * 28–29 June: City hosts 2004 Istanbul summit.
 * 11 December: İstanbul Modern museum of art opened.
 * 2005 – April: Sabancı Performing Arts Center opens in Tuzla.
 * 2006 – 6 June: Kanyon Shopping Mall opened.
 * 2007
 * 19 January: Assassination of Hrant Dink.
 * 29 April: Republic Protest.
 * 12 September: T4 (Istanbul Tram) opened.
 * Şişli Plaza built.
 * Süreyya Opera House in Kadıköy.
 * 2008
 * The districts of Arnavutköy, Ataşehir, Başakşehir, Beylikdüzü, Çekmeköy, Esenyurt, Sancaktepe, and Sultangazi are created. The district Eminönü is abolished and merged into Fatih.
 * 1 February: Istanbul fireworks explosion in Davutpaşa.
 * 9 July: 2008 United States consulate in Istanbul attack.
 * 21 July: 70 Million Steps Against Coups.
 * 27 July: 2008 Istanbul bombings.
 * Labour strike in Tuzla.
 * 2009
 * 7 May: Şakirin Mosque opened.
 * 17 October: Istanbul Congress Center opened
 * City districts increased from 32 to 39.
 * Istanbul Congress Center built.
 * Depo art space founded.
 * 2010
 * 14 January: Harbiye Muhsin Ertuğrul Stage rebuilt.
 * 28 August – 12 September: 2010 FIBA World Championship held.
 * 31 October: 2010 Istanbul bombing.
 * Baklahorani (carnival) revived.


 * 2011
 * 4 March: Istanbul Sapphire opened.
 * 18 March: Istanbul Shopping Fest inaugurated.
 * July: Istanbul Justice Palace built.
 * 6 October: Ora Arena opened.
 * 2012
 * 26 February 2012 Istanbul rally to commemorate the Khojaly massacre held.
 * 17 August: M4 (Istanbul Metro) line opened.
 * Sancaklar Mosque built.
 * MEF University opened.
 * Forensic Science Institute of Turkey opened.
 * Museum of Innocence opens.
 * Population: 13,854,740.
 * 2013
 * 28 May: Gezi Park protests begin in Taksim Square.
 * 14 June: M3 (Istanbul Metro) line opened.
 * 10 October: Zorlu Center opened.
 * 29 October:
 * Marmaray Tunnel phase of the Marmaray project opened for public use.
 * Ayrılık Çeşmesi railway station opened.
 * 2014
 * 15 February: Golden Horn Metro Bridge opened.
 * 1 September: Raffles Istanbul hotel opened.
 * 29 November: Pope Francis visit to meet with Patriarch Bartholomew I and Muslim leaders.
 * Sancaklar Mosque built in Büyükçekmece.
 * Istanbul Half Marathon established.
 * 2015
 * 6 January: 2015 Istanbul suicide bombing.
 * 17 March: 2015 SAHA Istanbul, Defence, Aviation and Space Clustering Association established.
 * 19 April: M6 (Istanbul Metro) line opened.
 * 26 May: Mehmet Çakır Cultural and Sports Center opened.
 * 1 December: 2015 Istanbul metro bombing.
 * 23 December: 2015 Sabiha Gökçen Airport bombing.
 * 2016
 * 12 January: January 2016 Istanbul bombing.
 * 19 March: March 2016 Istanbul bombing.
 * 11 April: Vodafone Park opened.
 * 7 June: June 2016 Istanbul bombing.
 * 28 June: Istanbul Atatürk Airport attack.
 * 15–16 July: 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt.
 * 20 August: Beykoz University established.
 * 23 August: Özgürlükçü Demokrasi launched.
 * 26 August: Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge opened.
 * 6 October: October 2016 Istanbul bombing.
 * 10 December: December 2016 Istanbul bombings.
 * 22 December: Eurasia Tunnel opened.
 * 2017
 * 1 January: 2017 Istanbul nightclub shooting.
 * 9 July: 2017 March for Justice.
 * 29 October: F3 (Istanbul Metro) line opened.
 * 15 December: M5 (Istanbul Metro) line opened.
 * Population: 15,029,231 (estimate, urban agglomeration).
 * 2018
 * Saha Expo first held.
 * 20–23 September: Teknofest Istanbul held.
 * 29 October: Istanbul Airport opened.
 * Prince MBS of Saudi Arabia sends a group of government agents to murder prominent critic, Jamal Khashoggi. His death is just a few days before his sixtieth birthday.
 * 2022
 * 13 November: an explosion on İstiklal Avenue in the Beyoğlu district left at least six people dead and 81 injured.
 * 2024
 * 2024 Istanbul Palace of Justice attack: an armed attack on a police station took place near the Istanbul Justice Palace.

Published in 21st century

 * Europe's Muslim Capital by Philip Mansel in the June 2003 issue of History Today
 * Europe's Muslim Capital by Philip Mansel in the June 2003 issue of History Today