Timeline of Khartoum

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Khartoum, Sudan.

Prehistoric times

 * circa 5000 BCE, first documented skull, human bones and tools found in 1945

19th century

 * 1821 - Settlement established by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt.
 * 1824 - "Egyptian governor Uthman Bey establishes Khartoum as a military centre."
 * 1826 - Ali Khurshid Pasha in power.
 * 1829 - Mosque built.
 * 1830 - Town becomes capital of "the Sudanese possessions of Egypt."
 * 1838 - Disease outbreak; capital relocated temporarily to Shendi.
 * 1840 - Flood.
 * 1841 - Flood.
 * 1854 - Muhammad Sa'id Pasha in power.
 * 1856 - Disease outbreak; capital relocated temporarily to Shendi.
 * 1862 - Chamber of Commerce established.
 * 1866 - Consulates of Austria, France, Italy, Persia, and Tuscany established.
 * 1869 - Flood.
 * 1874 - Flood.
 * 1878 - Flood.
 * 1884 - 13 March: Siege of Khartoum begins.
 * 1885
 * 26 January: Mahdists in power.
 * Capital relocated to Omdurman from Khartoum.
 * 1898
 * 2 September: Conflict between Mahdist and British forces.
 * Seat of government relocates to Khartoum from Omdurman.
 * 1899
 * Town becomes capital of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.
 * Railway begins operating (Wadi Halfa-Khartoum).
 * Sudan Gazette (government newspaper) begins publication.

20th century



 * 1902
 * Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories and Coptic Girls School open.
 * Population: 25,000.
 * 1903 - Gordon Memorial College opens.
 * 1905 - Military academy opens.
 * 1907 - Population: 69,349.
 * 1909 - Blue Nile Road and Railway Bridge built to Halfaya.
 * 1911 - Sudan Herald newspaper begins publication.
 * 1912 - Cathedral Church of All Saints consecrated.
 * 1913 - Famine.
 * 1924
 * Demonstrations.
 * Flood.
 * Kitchener School of Medicine established.
 * 1926 - White Nile Bridge to Omdurman built.
 * 1928 - Unity High School for Girls founded.
 * 1946 - Flood.
 * 1950 - Al Khartoum Sports Club formed.
 * 1952 - Acropole Hotel in business.
 * 1954 - Population: 100,000 (approximate).
 * 1955 - Area of city: 7.9 square kilometers.
 * 1956
 * 1 January: City becomes capital of independent Republic of Sudan.
 * University of Khartoum established.
 * 1957
 * Municipal Stadium opens.
 * Khartoum American School established.
 * 1960 - Bank of Sudan headquartered in Khartoum.
 * 1962 - Industrial Bank of Sudan opens.
 * 1964 - Population: 173,500.
 * 1967 - August: Arab League summit held.
 * 1970
 * Area of city: 13.3 square kilometers.
 * Bank of Khartoum established.
 * 1971
 * National Museum of Sudan established.
 * Population: 261,840.
 * 1973
 * August: Anti-government unrest.
 * Saudi embassy held by Palestinian militants.
 * 1974 - Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Khartoum formed.
 * 1976 - Friendship Hall built.
 * 1977 - Oil pipeline to Port Sudan completed.
 * 1978 - July - Organisation of African Unity summit held.
 * 1980 - Area of city: 101.3 square kilometers.
 * 1983
 * September: Islamic law in effect.
 * University of Juba relocates to Khartoum (approximate date).
 * 1984
 * March: Teacher/doctor strike begins.
 * El-Sheikh Mosque built.
 * 1985
 * March: Economic protest.
 * Population: 1,611,000 (urban agglomeration).
 * 1988 - Flood.
 * 1990 - Population: 2,360,000 (urban agglomeration).
 * 1991
 * City becomes part of Khartoum federal state (administrative region).
 * Popular Arab and Islamic Congress held in city.
 * 1992 - Khartoum International Airport terminal opens.
 * 1993
 * Khartoum Bank Group formed.
 * Sudatel headquartered in Khartoum.
 * Population: 924,505 city.
 * 1994 - Venezuelan criminal Carlos the Jackal arrested in Khartoum.
 * 1995
 * Khartoum Stock Exchange begins trading.
 * Population: 3,088,000 (urban agglomeration).
 * 1997 - Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company incorporated.
 * 1998
 * August: Al-Shifa pharmaceutical factory in Khartoum North bombed by U.S. forces.
 * Area of city: 343.8 square kilometers.
 * 1999
 * Ibrahim Malik Islamic Center built.
 * Republican Palace Museum opens.
 * Greater Nile Oil Pipeline in operation.
 * 2000
 * Khartoum Monitor newspaper begins publication.
 * Population: 3,505,000 (urban agglomeration).

2000s

 * 2005
 * July: Demonstrations.
 * Citizen (Juba) newspaper begins publication.
 * Population: 3,979,000 (urban agglomeration).
 * City designated an Arab Capital of Culture by Arab League/UNESCO.
 * 2006
 * January: African Union summit held.
 * March: Arab League summit held.
 * 2007 - El Mek Nimr Bridge to Khartoum North built.
 * 2008
 * 10–12 May: City besieged by anti-government forces.
 * Population: 639,598.
 * 2009 - Tuti Bridge opens.

2010s

 * 2010 - Population: 4,516,000 (urban agglomeration).
 * 2012
 * June: Economic protest.
 * October: al-Yarmook armament factory bombed.