Timeline of Mashhad

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mashhad, Iran.

Prior to 20th century

 * 330 BCE - Passage and residence of Alexander the Great during his Persian campaign.   Probably the first settlement in the modern city area.
 * 818 CE - Death of Ali al-Ridha (8th Imam of Twelver Shia Islam) at Sanābādh; Imam Reza shrine established.
 * 970s-990s - Imam Reza Shrine demolished "in an act of fanaticism" by Ghaznavid Nāṣer-al-dawla Sübüktigin.
 * 1009 - Imam Reza Shrine rebuilt.
 * 1121 - Town wall built.
 * 1161 - Mashhad sacked by Ghuzz Turks.
 * 1389 - Nearby Tus besieged and "left a heap of ruins" by forces of Timurid Miran Shah; refugees flee to Mashhad.
 * 1418 - Goharshad Mosque built.
 * 1426 - Bala-yi sar madrasa built at the Imam Reza shrine.
 * 1439 - Du-dar madrasa built by Shah Rukh at the Imam Reza shrine.
 * 1457 - Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi established.
 * 1501 - Twelver Shia Islam declared official state religion in Iran, a development beneficial to Mashhad as a holy city (approximate date).
 * 1507 - Mashhad taken by forces of Uzbek Muhammad Shaybani.
 * 1544 - Mashhad sacked by Uzbek forces.
 * 1589 - Mashhad besieged by forces of Shaybanid Abd al-Mumin.
 * 1598 - Mashhad taken by forces of Abbas I of Persia; Uzbeks defeated.
 * 1722 - Afghan Abdalis in power.
 * 1726 - Mashhad besieged by Persian forces.
 * 1753 - Mashhad besieged by forces of Afghan Ahmad Shah Durrani.
 * 1803 - Mashhad besieged by forces of Fath Ali Shah.
 * 1849 - Mashhad taken by forces of Husam al-Saltana.
 * 1876 - Palace of Abbas Mirza built.
 * 1889 - British and Russian governments maintain consulates-general.

20th century

 * 1912 - 29 March: Bombing of city by Russians.
 * 1918
 * Mashhad municipality (administrative entity) formed.
 * Mirza Abdol-Raheem Khan Zand Kashef ol-Molk (میرزا عبدالرحیم خان زند کاشف الملک) becomes the city's first mayor.
 * 1920 - Population: 70,000-80,000 (approximate estimate).
 * 1925 / 1304 SH - 31 March: Solar Hijri calendar legally adopted in Iran.
 * 1949 - Razavi University established.
 * 1959 - Nader Shah Mausoleum erected.
 * 1963 - Population: 312,186 (estimate).
 * 1964 - Astan Quds Razavi Central Museum inaugurated.
 * 1966 - Mashhad railway station opens.
 * 1968 - (cinema) established.
 * 1970 - (cinema) established.
 * 1971 - (cinema) established.
 * 1980 - (zoo) established.
 * 1982 - Population: 1,120,000 (estimate).
 * 1983 - Samen Stadium opens.
 * 1995 - Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi new building opens.
 * 1996 - Population: 1,887,405.

21st century

 * 2004
 * Proma Hypermarket in business.
 * City becomes part of the newly formed Razavi Khorasan Province.
 * 2011
 * Mashhad Urban Railway begins operating.
 * Siah Jamegan Aboumoslem Khorasan F.C. (football club) formed.
 * (velodrome) opens.
 * Imam Reza Stadium construction begins.
 * Population: 2,766,258.
 * 2013 - 14 June: Local election held.
 * 2014
 * Sowlat Mortazavi becomes mayor.
 * City becomes part of newly formed national administrative Region 5.

in English

 * 1993 reprint
 * (Article about the shrine)
 * 1993 reprint
 * (Article about the shrine)
 * 1993 reprint
 * (Article about the shrine)
 * (Article about the shrine)
 * (Article about the shrine)

in other languages

 * 1883-1885