Timeline of Portuguese history (Third Dynasty)

This is a historical timeline of Portugal.

16th century

 * 1580
 * Invasion of Portugal by a Spanish army commanded by Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba.
 * Battle of Alcântara between Portuguese and Spanish forces.
 * The Fortress of St. Julian, in Lisbon, surrenders to the Spanish.
 * Anthony of Portugal, the Prior of Crato, is acclaimed King of Portugal in Santarém.
 * Death of Luís de Camões, Portugal's national poet.
 * Beginning of the Cortes (General Assembly of the Kingdom) of Tomar.
 * 1581
 * Philip II of Spain is acclaimed in the Cortes of Tomar as King Philip I of Portugal in a personal union of the Crowns. Portugal loses de facto independence to Spain.
 * Anthony of Portugal, the Prior of Crato, takes refuge in England.
 * The Azores refuse to recognize Philip I of Portugal as King.
 * 1582
 * The Spanish Fleet of Santa Cruz defeats the Portuguese-French Fleet of Strozzi in the Azores.
 * Introduction of the Gregorian Calendar in Portugal.
 * 1583
 * Cortes in Lisbon.
 * King Philip I of Portugal departs for Madrid and leaves the government of Portugal with Portuguese trustees.
 * The Azores are submitted.
 * Francis Drake attacks Portuguese Brazil.
 * 1589 – Anthony of Portugal, the Prior of Crato, attacks Lisbon with English aid, but with no success.
 * 1595 – Anthony of Portugal, the Prior of Crato, dies in Paris.
 * 1598 – Philip III of Spain becomes Philip II of Portugal.

17th century

 * 1621 – Philip IV of Spain becomes Philip III of Portugal.