Tinn

Tinn is a municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the traditional districts of Aust-Telemark and Upper Telemark. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Rjukan. Some of the villages in Tinn include Atrå, Austbygde, Hovin, and Miland.

The 2045 km2 municipality is the 34th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Tinn is the 172nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,546. The municipality's population density is 3 PD/km2 and its population has decreased by 7.1% over the previous 10-year period.

The Krossobanen is the oldest aerial tramway in Northern Europe. It was built in 1928 as a gift from Norsk Hydro. The Hardangervidda National Park center is located at the lake Møsvatn, just east of Tinn.

General information
The parish of Tind (later spelled "Tinn") was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). In 1860, the southeastern area of the municipality around the village of Hovin (population: 815) was separated from Tinn to become part of the newly created Gransherad Municipality. On 24 March 1903, an unpopulated area of Tinn Municipality was transferred to Hovin Municipality. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, the neighboring municipality of Hovin was dissolved. All of Hovin located east of the lake Tinnsjå (population: 461) was merged into Tinn Municipality (the rest of the old Hovin municipality became part of Notodden Municipality).

Name
The municipality (originally the parish) comes from an old name for the area (Tinnr) or an old name for the local Tinnsjå. The name is possibly derived from the word which means "small lake" or "pond". Historically, the name was spelled Tind.

Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 25 November 1994. The official blazon is "Argent, five gouttes de larmes, three and two" (I sølv fem blå dråper, 3-2). This means the arms have a field (background) has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The charge is a set of five gouttes (droplets) of water. This design was chosen to represent the five rivers in the municipality and the hydropower plants near Rjukan. The arms were designed by Halvor Holtskog. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.

Churches
The Church of Norway has two parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Tinn. It is part of the Øvre Telemark prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark.

History
The Rjukan Falls, located on the Måna river, allowed construction of Vemork, the largest power station in the world in 1911. The station has become a museum where one can explore the history of the energy and see exhibits about the industrial development in Norway and in the town of Rjukan.

The museum at Vemork is most famous for its presentation of Rjukan's war history. During World War II, Vemork was the site of the Norwegian heavy water sabotage, when Norwegian saboteurs prevented the Germans from producing nuclear weapons from the heavy water which was produced here. The exhibit Atomkappløpet ("The nuclear race") presents the four heavy water sabotages and the allied efforts to develop a nuclear bomb.

Government
Tinn Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Telemark District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.

Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Tinn is made up of 25 representatives that are elected to four-year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.

Mayors
The mayors (ordfører) of Tinn:


 * 1838-1839: Ole Nilsen Besager
 * 1840-1841: Halvor Torgersen Rollag
 * 1842-1843: Gjermund S. Graver
 * 1844-1845: Søren Schive
 * 1846-1849: Tore Hemsen
 * 1850-1853: Gjermund S. Graver
 * 1854-1861: Ole Knudsen
 * 1862-1863: Ole Gjermundsen Bakke
 * 1864-1881: Ole Knudsen
 * 1882-1883: Ole Gjermundsen Bakke
 * 1884-1885: Hølje H. Klonteig
 * 1886-1895: Ole Knudsen
 * 1896-1899: Ola O. Haugan
 * 1899-1900: Kristen O. Bøen
 * 1901-1916: Knut H. Klonteig
 * 1917-1919: Ole O. Bakke
 * 1920-1937: Johan O. Bryn (V)
 * 1938-1940: Kristen Vaalund (Bp)
 * 1945-1945: L.P. Petersen
 * 1946-1946: Kristen Vaalund (Bp)
 * 1946-1959: Isak Bergan (Ap)
 * 1960-1967: Sigurd Kolltveit (Ap)
 * 1968-1973: Reidar Engell Olsen (Ap)
 * 1974-1987: Einar Haatvedt (Ap)
 * 1987-1993: Øystein Dahle (LL)
 * 1993-1999: Olav Ulleren (Sp)
 * 1999-2003: Berit Stormoen (H)
 * 2004-2010: Erik Haatvedt (Ap)
 * 2010-2011: Turid Opedal (Ap)
 * 2011-2015: Steinar Bergsland (H)
 * 2015-2019: Bjørn Sverre Birkeland (Sp)
 * 2019–2023: Steinar Bergsland (H)
 * 2023-present: Kathrine Haatvedt (Ap)

Geography
Tinn borders the municipality of Nore og Uvdal (in Buskerud county) to the north; Rollag and Flesberg (also in Buskerud) to the east; Notodden, Hjartdal, and Seljord to the south, and Vinje to the west.

Most of Tinn is quite rural. The town of Rjukan is the largest settlement. It is located in the Vestfjorddalen valley, through which the Måna river flows.

Tinn stretches deeply into the Hardangervidda landscape. One landmark in Tinn is the 1883 m tall mountain Gaustatoppen, which is climbed by 30,000 people each year. On clear days it is possible to see one sixth of Norway from its summit. Other areas include the Blefjell mountains, with Bletoppen being the highest mountain in that area and also the Vegglifjell mountains, with Skirveggen being the highest mountain in that area.

There are several large lakes in Tinn, including Tinnsjå and Kalhovdfjorden.

WWII heavy water saboteurs

 * Arne Kjelstrup MM (1913 in Rjukan – 1995), a Norwegian resistance member during WWII who participated in the Norwegian heavy water sabotage in 1942–1943
 * Knut Lier-Hansen (1916 in Rjukan – 2008), a Norwegian resistance member during WWII and Army sergeant who participated in the sinking of SF Hydro as a part of the Norwegian heavy water sabotage
 * Jens-Anton Poulsson (1918 in Tinn – 2010), a military officer and Norwegian resistance member who participated in the Norwegian heavy water sabotage in 1942–1943
 * Claus Helberg (1919 in Rjukan – 2003), a Norwegian resistance member and mountain guide who participated in the Norwegian heavy water sabotage

Other public Service

 * Sam Eyde (1866–1940), an engineer and industrialist who developed Rjukan Falls to produce hydro electrical power
 * Albert Sund (1884–?), a trade union leader, Labour politician, and chairman of the Øst-Telemark faglige Samorg for three years
 * Knut Haugland DSO, MM, (1917 in Rjukan – 2009), a WWII resistance fighter and explorer who accompanied Thor Heyerdahl on his famous 1947 Kon-Tiki expedition
 * Einar-Fredrik Ofstad (1916 in Rjukan – 1998), a Norwegian diplomat
 * Gunnar Sønsteby DSO (1918 in Rjukan – 2012), a member of the Norwegian resistance movement and Norway's most highly decorated citizen
 * Petter Graver (1920 in Tinn – 1995), a jurist, diplomat from 1947 to 1988, and a lawyer
 * Gunnar Odd Hagen (1921–1997), a politician and a dentist in Tinn
 * Reidun Røed (1921 in Rjukan – 2009), a female Norwegian resistance member
 * Bjørn Bruland (1926 in Rjukan – 2014), a Norwegian admiral and politician
 * Reidar Engell Olsen (born 1933), a politician and Mayor of Tinn
 * Jostein Børtnes (born 1937 in Hovin, Telemark), a literary historian and Slavist
 * Signe Howell (born 1942 in Tinn), a social anthropologist and academic
 * Bernt Ivar Eidsvig (born 1953 in Rjukan), a prelate of the Catholic Church and Bishop of Oslo
 * Øystein Mæland (born 1960 in Rjukan), a psychiatrist, civil servant, and former politician

The Arts

 * Knut Luraas (1782 in Tinn – 1843), a Hardingfele fiddler and artist
 * Thomas Luraas (1799 in Tinn – 1886), a rose painter and clarinetist
 * Else Poulsson (1909 in Rjukan – 2002), a painter and textile artist
 * Jørn Lande (born 1968 in Rjukan), a hard rock and heavy metal singer and songwriter
 * Linnea Dale (born 1991 in Tinn), a singer

Sport

 * Snowshoe Thompson (born 1827 in Austbygdi, Telemark as Jon Torsteinsson Rue – 1876), a Norwegian-American who was considered the father of California skiing
 * Jon Terje Øverland (born 1944 in Rjukan), an alpine skier who competed at the 1964 Winter Olympics and 1968 Winter Olympics