Toyota bZ4X

The Toyota bZ4X, also marketed in Japan, Australia, US, Canada, Europe, and China as the Subaru Solterra, is a battery electric compact crossover SUV manufactured by Toyota. The vehicle debuted in April 2021 as the "bZ4X Concept". It is the first vehicle to be based on the e-TNGA platform co-developed by Toyota and Subaru, and the brand's first model to be part of their Toyota bZ ("beyond Zero") series of zero-emissions vehicles.

Worldwide sales of the bZ4X commenced in mid-2022, with production planned in Japan and China. Sales in the United States also started in 2022. Toyota has also stated that there will be seven "bZ" models to be launched globally by 2025.

Name
According to Toyota, the meaning of the "bZ4X" nameplate breaks down into:
 * "bZ": for "beyond Zero" emissions, representing the nature of a battery-electric vehicle by going "beyond Zero" emissions,
 * "4": from the equivalent-sized Toyota RAV4 and the
 * "X": describing it as a compact crossover ('X') SUV.

Overview
The design of the bZ4X was previewed by pictures of a series of electric concept vehicles released by Toyota in June 2019. The company highlighted the plan to release six electric vehicles between 2020 and 2025, using the e-TNGA platform. The vehicle was also previewed by Subaru, which is developing the vehicle with Toyota as a concept mockup showcasing a similar concept design in January 2020.

The bZ4X Concept was revealed on 19 April 2021 and was presented at Auto Shanghai the same day. While it is revealed as a concept vehicle, the vehicle appeared to be nearly production-ready. The bZ4X is similar in size to the RAV4, but stood lower with sharper styling and a longer wheelbase that matches the larger Highlander's. The vehicle has been developed in conjunction with Subaru, which is said to have had input into the car's all-wheel drive system.

Design
The overall size, at 4690 mm total length, is comparable to a RAV4 (XA50), but the wheelbase of 2850 mm is similar to that of the Land Cruiser (J300), giving the bZ4X a large interior space. The e-TNGA platform was jointly developed by Toyota and Subaru, with Toyota receiving credit for battery and eAxle development and Subaru for all-wheel-drive control and collision safety.

Some models also adopt a steer-by-wire system. The steer-by-wire system was developed for the Chinese market and will be available with a yoke in lieu of a conventional steering wheel. Combined with the low instrument panel, Toyota stated the yoke provides a more open interior.

Powertrains


The bZ4X is powered by the e-Axle, which integrates an electric motor, gears and inverter, and is built by BluE Nexus, a joint venture of Toyota Group companies Aisin and Denso with investment from Toyota Motor. Front-wheel drive models use a single 1XM model e-Axle that produces 150 kW, while all-wheel drive models use twin 1YM model e-Axles that each produce 80 kW for a combined output of 160 kW.

Front-wheel drive models have an estimated range of 510 km and a 0-100 km/h time of 7.5 seconds, while all-wheel drive models have an estimated range of 460 km and 0-100 km/h time in 6.9 seconds. On AWD models, the 'X-MODE' AWD-system from Subaru is "borrowed" from the Subaru Forester.

Front-wheel drive models have a battery built by Prime Planet Energy & Solutions (PPES), a joint venture between Toyota and Panasonic. All-wheel drive models for the North American market have a battery built by CATL. Both models are a 355 volt pack that accepts DC fast charging at a maximum rate of 150 kW for front-wheel drive models or 100 kW for all-wheel drive models. Using a fast charger can charge the PPES pack up to 80% capacity in 30 minutes, and an optional rooftop solar panel system may generate electricity to drive the vehicle for at least 1100 mi per year. The battery is estimated to retain 90% of its original capacity over a ten-year period. The car can act as a power supply in V2H or V2L fashion.

Japan
The Japanese market-spec bZ4X was announced in April 2022 and launched on 12 May 2022. The model is only available for lease through the company's Kinto service to "eliminate customer concerns" regarding battery electric vehicles while "taking the environment into consideration".

In the first phase, up to 3,000 lease applications will be accepted starting from 12 May; a second phase will follow in fall 2022, and Toyota/Kinto plan to lease up to 5,000 vehicles per year thereafter.

The bZ4X is available in one grade, Z, with front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive options. Specific packages include a choice of roof (standard or panoramic moon roof) and wheel size (18- or 20-inch diameter). The car is available with one of two interior colours and one of eleven exterior colours.

North America
The North American market-spec bZ4X was unveiled at the 2021 Los Angeles Auto Show, with its specifications also detailed by that time, including its on-sale date set in mid-2022, for the 2023 model year. Toyota-estimated range for the front-wheel-drive XLE model is up to 250 miles.

At launch, American buyers qualify for the full US$7500 federal tax subsidy for purchasing an electric vehicle; each automobile manufacturer may sell up to 200,000 cars that qualify for the tax credit. Because Toyota plug-in hybrid vehicles also qualify for the tax credit, the credits are anticipated to be exhausted shortly after the launch of the bZ4X. The bZ4X is not eligible for electric vehicle incentives from the Inflation Reduction Act because it is made in Japan, not the US, Canada, or Mexico.

Europe
Under the WLTP driving cycle, the front-wheel drive bZ4X achieves a range of 516 km (14.3 kWh/100 km consumption) and the all-wheel drive bZ4X 470 km (15.8 kWh/100 km). Deliveries of the first vehicles are expected to commence in summer 2022.

Southeast Asia
The bZ4X was first announced in Singapore by Borneo Motors (Toyota's authorised retailer in Singapore) in June 2022 as part of an electric car-sharing program in the country's Tengah New Town. Although the car-sharing program would be rolled out in June 2023, the car has not been made available for sale in the country.

The bZ4X was first showcased in Indonesia at the 29th Gaikindo Indonesia International Auto Show, and launched to the market on 10 November 2022. It is imported from Japan. It was one of the official VIP vehicles used at the 2022 G20 Bali summit.

The bZ4X was launched in Thailand on 9 November 2022. As with Malaysia, it is also imported from Japan.

Australasia
The bZ4X was planned to debut in Australia in 2021 but it was delayed. Imports from Japan are scheduled to begin in 2024 to Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia, with orders to be taken from late 2023. The bZ4X will be Toyota's first battery electric vehicle in the Australasian market.

China
The Chinese market bZ4X was produced and marketed by two separate joint ventures, GAC Toyota and FAW Toyota. Introduced in October 2022, both versions are equipped with batteries produced by CATL. The capacity options were 50.3 kWh and 66.7 kWh with a CLTC range of 400 km and 615 km respectively.

After a series of price cuts due to slow sales, Toyota released an update for the bZ4X in November 2023. A four-wheel drive option became available, the 50.3 kWh battery option was removed, and the exterior plastic body claddings are now body coloured. The vehicle received a Chinese name. The 'Bozhi' name will be the Chinese sub-brand for GAC Toyota’s electric vehicles, mirroring the bZ sub-brand globally. The FAW Toyota version was discontinued.

Subaru Solterra
The rebadged version of the bZ4X is sold by Subaru as the Subaru Solterra (スバル・ソルテラ). The name Solterra derives from sol and terra, Latin words for sun and earth respectively. Featuring a minor exterior redesign, it uses the same e-TNGA platform rebranded to "e-Subaru Global Platform" (e-SGP). The Solterra went on sale in mid-2022 in Japan, US, Canada, Europe, and China.

In Japan, the Solterra is offered in ET-SS (FWD and AWD) and ET-HS (AWD only) grade levels. It is equipped with an active safety system marketed as "Subaru Safety Sense" as standard. Unlike the bZ4X in Japan, the Solterra is available for purchase.

Safety
On 23 June 2022, Toyota and Subaru recalled 2,700 bZ4Xs and 2,600 Solterras due to the possibility that wheels could come loose. They also halted production and sales of any new models.

On 6 October 2022, Toyota reported it has found a fix to the loose wheel recall and has resumed production of the bZ4X and Solterra.

The bZ4X and Solterra achieved a five star JNCAP rating from Japan's National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victim's Aid (NASVA) for comprehensive safety performance, based on testing conducted on a Subaru Solterra.

The bZ4X and the Solterra also achieved a five-star 2022 Euro NCAP rating.